The DOI matches its Crossref record.
Strategic Leadership: Top Executives and Their Effects on Organizations
Abstract
This article provides a tool for creating change that produces observable results in complex organizations. Linkage analysis helps managers map, evaluate, and overcome barriers that underlie the organizational improvement paradox. In this paradox, organizational changes are expected to lead to performance benefits for a unit as well as for the firm as a whole, but benefits occur only for the unit. The organizational improvement paradox frustrates change efforts and is the norm in organizational change where the firm has multiple units and levels. Linkage analysis permits managers and change agents to visualize the complex process of change. It details critical change pathways that otherwise go unrecognized and unmanaged. Through two cases, the reader can practice using linkage tools. Linkage analysis primes managers to take critical and widely overlooked steps to produce visible firm-level results.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cited by
Upper Echelons Theory: An Update
Hambrick, D. C. (2007) · Academy of Management Review · doi:10.5465/amr.2007.24345254 · Cited by 4,911
Self-citationBerrone, P., Cruz, C., & Gomez-Mejia, L. R. (2012) · Family Business Review · doi:10.1177/0894486511435355 · Cited by 2,724
Agency Relationships in Family Firms: Theory and Evidence
Schulze, W. S., Lubatkin, M. H., Dino, R. N., & Buchholtz, A. K. (2001) · Organization Science · doi:10.1287/orsc.12.2.99.10114 · Cited by 2,332
Complexity Leadership Theory: Shifting leadership from the industrial age to the knowledge era
Uhl-Bien, M., Marion, R., & McKelvey, B. (2007) · The Leadership Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.leaqua.2007.04.002 · Cited by 2,318
THE ROLE OF FAMILY TIES IN AGENCY CONTRACTS.
Gomez-Mejia, L. R., Nunez-Nickel, M., & Gutierrez, I. (2001) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.2307/3069338 · Cited by 1,305
Metadata
- Authors
- Reger, R. K., Finkelstein, S., & Hambrick, D. C.
- Venue
- The Academy of Management Review
- Publisher
- Academy of Management
- Published
- 1997-07
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 802
- ISSN
- 0363-7425 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2003121350
- Cited by
- 1,084
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 22.21
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Strategic Leadership: Top Executives and Their Effects on Organizations. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.2307/259414
- The paper
- Reger, R. K., Finkelstein, S., & Hambrick, D. C. (1997). Strategic Leadership: Top Executives and Their Effects on Organizations. The Academy of Management Review. https://doi.org/10.2307/259414
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
