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Boundary Conditions for Paleolithic Social Systems: A Simulation Approach
Abstract
Pleistocene societies are viewed in this paper as manifestations of band society from which Paleolithic archaeologists can generate hypotheses about this cultural system and against which they can evaluate the validity of general cultural explanations. A general model is posited toward the isolation of Paleolithic societies in the archaeological record. Their numerical size is predicted from Monte Carlo simulations of model populations, and ways are discussed in which distinguishable equilibrium states of such societies can be predicted in time and space. Under the assumption of maximal constraints, simulations are used to predict the size and longevity of social units. The frequency of settlements produced during an equilibrium state of a society is simulated and the utility of survey for activity areas outside the settlements is demonstrated. The models developed in this paper are intended to stimulate deductive research in Paleolithic archaeology.
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“twenty-five has successfully been applied previously to Palaeolithic hunting and gathering groups555657.”
From Assessing the calorific significance of episodes of human cannibalism in the Palaeolithic (2017) · cites this paper as [56]
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“twenty-five is recognised as being the most desirable group size for mobile foraging populations in terms of reproductive viability and general adaptive significance to hunting and gathering societies545556.”
From Assessing the calorific significance of episodes of human cannibalism in the Palaeolithic (2017) · cites this paper as [56]
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Peltenburg, E. (1991) · Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental research · doi:10.2307/1357265 · Cited by 25
Archaeology, GIS, and the Time Dimension: an Overview
Castleford, J. (1992) · doi:10.15496/publikation-2590 · Cited by 25
Romano, V., Lozano, S., & Fernández-Lopez-de-Pablo, J. (2020) · Biological Reviews of The Cambridge Philosophical Society · doi:10.1111/brv.12599 · Cited by 24
“, 1990) and, under favourable conditions, viable long-term maximum bands might have ranged between approximately 175 and over 300 individuals (Wobst, 1974).”
BackgroundSettlement Patterns of the Ejutla Valley, Oaxaca, Mexico: A Diachronic Macroscale Perspective
Feinman, G. M., & Nicholas, L. M. (2013) · Fieldiana Anthropology · doi:10.3158/0071-4739-43.00.1 · Cited by 38
Chaco-Era Site Clustering and the Concept of Communities
Gilpin, D. A. (2003) · doi:10.1080/00231940.2003.11758490 · Cited by 24
The Use of Pedestrian Modelling in Archaeology, with an Example from the Study of Cultural Learning
Lake, M. (2001) · Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design · doi:10.1068/b2726 · Cited by 17
Ceramic Perspectives on Northern Anasazi Exchange
Blinman, E., & Wilson, C. D. (1993) · doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-1149-0_3 · Cited by 24
Information Exchange and the Spatial Configurations of Egalitarian Societies
Root, D. (1983) · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-505980-0.50017-3 · Cited by 24
Borrero, L. A., Nuevo Delaunay, A., & Méndez, C. (2019) · Journal of Anthropological Archaeology · doi:10.1016/j.jaa.2019.02.001 · Cited by 21
Human occupation of the Central Andes of Argentina (32°–34°S) during the mid-Holocene
García, A. (2005) · doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2004.07.015 · Cited by 23
Cheetham, D. (1998) · doi:10.14288/1.0058376 · Cited by 23
Aubry, T., Luís, L., Llach, J. M., & Matias, H. (2015) · Journal of Anthropological Research · doi:10.3998/jar.0521004.0071.404 · Cited by 22
“Through the application of a central place model (Whallon 2006; Wobst 1974), the smallest spatial level of the local band would correspond to the local source ranges documented by flint transport reflected in Buraca Grande assemblages, which is similar to those defined by the regional siliceous…”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialThe Obsidian Evidence for the Scale of Social Life during the Palaeolithic
Moutsiou, T. (2014) · University of Michigan Press eBooks · doi:10.30861/9781407312446 · Cited by 25
“Dataset compiled with information from Wobst (1976)..”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialMaasai Gummivory: Implications for Paleolithic Diets and Contemporary Health1
Johns, T., Nagarajan, M., Parkipuny, M. L., & Jones, P. (2000) · Current Anthropology · doi:10.1086/300152 · Cited by 22
Gravel‐Miguel, C., & Wren, C. D. (2018) · Journal of Archaeological Science · doi:10.1016/j.jas.2018.08.014 · Cited by 23
Vrhovnik, D. M., Budja, M., Payton, R., & Bonsall, C. (2008) · doi:10.1002/gea.20220 · Cited by 21
de Vos, H. D., & Zeggelink, E. P. H. (1994) · Social Science Information · doi:10.1177/053901894033003008 · Cited by 21
The Genetic History of the Iberian Peninsula: A Simulation
Calafell, F., & Bertranpetit, J. (1993) · Current Anthropology · doi:10.1086/204219 · Cited by 21
Problems in the modelling of socio-cultural systems
Renfrew, A. (1987) · doi:10.1016/0377-2217(87)90095-6 · Cited by 21
Ohtsuka, R. (1986) · American Journal of Physical Anthropology · doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330710103 · Cited by 21
Metadata
- Authors
- Wobst, H. M.
- Corresponding author
- Wobst, H. Martin
- Venue
- American Antiquity
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 1974-04
- Volume
- 39
- Issue
- 2Part1
- Pages
- 147-178
- ISSN
- 0002-7316 (ISSN-L)
- 2325-5064
- OpenAlex
- W2330955097
- Cited by
- 401
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 17 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 17 · 2012: 18
- FWCI
- 32.01
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Antiquity (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Anthropology › Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Archeology (arts and humanities) › Archaeological and Geological Studies
- Social Sciences › Cultural Studies › Language and cultural evolution
- Keywords
- Monte Carlo simulation, population size, archaeological record, equilibrium states
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