The DOI matches its Crossref record; 1 of the 1 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Preliminary Evidence for the Reliability and Validity of a Foreign Language Anxiety Scale
Abstract
Dickerson, W.B. (1984a, October). A new look at an old problem: The Z and D morphemes. Paper presented at the Fourth Annual Midwest Regional TESOL Conference, Cincinnati. Dickerson, W.B. (1984b). The role of formal rules in pronunciation instruction. In J. Handscombe, R. Orem, & B. Taylor (Eds.), On TESOL '83 (pp. 135148). Washington, DC: TESOL. Farhady, H. (1982). Measures of language proficiency from the learner's perspective. TESOL Quarterly, 16, 43-59. Harris, T. (1981). Practical English, Book 1. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich. Hisama, K. (1980). An analysis of various ESL proficiency tests. In J.W. Oller, Jr., & K. Perkins (Eds.), Research in language testing (pp. 47-53). Rowley, MA: Newbury House. Pike, L.W. (1979). An evaluation of alternative item formats for testing English as a foreign language (TOEFL Research Rep. No. 2). Princeton, NJ: Educational Testing Service. Suter, R.W. (1976). Predictors of pronunciation accuracy in second language learning. Language Learning, 26, 233-253.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety
HORWITZ, E. K., HORWITZ, M. B., & COPE, J. (1986) · The Modern Language Journal · doi:10.1111/j.1540-4781.1986.tb05256.x · Cited by 5,697
Self-citation
Cited by
Language anxiety and achievement
Horwitz, E. (2001) · Annual Review of Applied Linguistics · doi:10.1017/s0267190501000071 · Cited by 1,573
Self-citationThe Subtle Effects of Language Anxiety on Cognitive Processing in the Second Language
MacIntyre, P. D., & Gardner, R. C. (1994) · Language Learning · doi:10.1111/j.1467-1770.1994.tb01103.x · Cited by 1,823
AIDA, Y. (1994) · The Modern Language Journal · doi:10.1111/j.1540-4781.1994.tb02026.x · Cited by 1,109
Anxiety and Second‐Language Learning: Toward a Theoretical Clarification*
MacIntyre, P. D., & Gardner, R. C. (1989) · Language Learning · doi:10.1111/j.1467-1770.1989.tb00423.x · Cited by 930
Methods and Results in the Study of Anxiety and Language Learning: A Review of the Literature*
MacIntyre, P. D., & Gardner, R. C. (1991) · Language Learning · doi:10.1111/j.1467-1770.1991.tb00677.x · Cited by 856
Metadata
- Authors
- Horwitz, E. K.
- Venue
- TESOL Quarterly
- Publisher
- JSTOR
- Published
- 1986-09
- Volume
- 20
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 559
- ISSN
- 0039-8322 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2013588773
- Cited by
- 802
- References
- 1
- FWCI
- 10.42
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Preliminary Evidence for the Reliability and Validity of a Foreign Language Anxiety Scale. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.2307/3586302
- The paper
- Horwitz, E. K. (1986). Preliminary Evidence for the Reliability and Validity of a Foreign Language Anxiety Scale. TESOL Quarterly. https://doi.org/10.2307/3586302
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.