Early-Life Stress and the Development of Obesity and Insulin Resistance in Juvenile Bonnet Macaques
Open accessAbstract
Stress is a risk factor for chronic illnesses such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, and hypertension and has been postulated to cause the metabolic syndrome via perturbation of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. In our model of early-life stress (variable foraging demand [VFD]), food insecurity is imposed on monkey mothers for 16 weeks beginning when their nursing offspring are 3–5 months of age. Under VFD, food availability is never restricted, and the infant's growth is unaffected. VFD rearing does, however, cause a range of neurobiological abnormalities, including dysregulation of the HPA axis, manifested in abnormal cerebrospinal fluid cortisol and corticotropin-releasing factor levels. We previously reported spontaneous occurrence of metabolic syndrome in 14% of normally reared peripubertal bonnet macaques given ad libitum access to standard monkey chow. Here, we show that compared with normally reared monkeys, peripubertal VFD juveniles exhibit greater weight, BMI, abdominal circumference, and glucagon-like peptide-1 and decreased glucose disposal rates during hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamps. Our data suggest that early-life stress during a critical period of neuro development can result in the peripubertal emergence of obesity and insulin resistance.
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In bonnet macaques, compared with normally reared monkeys, those exposed to juvenile stress have significantly greater body weight and waist circumference, as well as impaired insulin resistance as measured using a glucose clamp.
“Compared with normally reared monkeys, those exposed to this form of juvenile stress have significantly greater body weight and waist circumference, as well as impaired insulin resistance as measured using a glucose clamp 21.”
From Type 2 diabetes mellitus and psychological stress — a modifiable risk factor (2017) · cites this paper as [21]
In bonnet macaques, stress related to food availability early in life reduces insulin sensitivity.
“In bonnet macaques, research suggests that stress related to food availability early in life reduces insulin sensitivity.”
From Type 2 diabetes mellitus and psychological stress — a modifiable risk factor (2017) · cites this paper as [21]
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- Authors
- Kaufman, D., Banerji, M. A., Shorman, I., Smith, E. L. P., Coplan, J. D., Rosenblum, L. A., & Kral, J. G.
- Affiliations
- SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University (US)
- Venue
- Diabetes
- Publisher
- American Diabetes Association
- Published
- 2007-05-01
- Volume
- 56
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1382-1386
- ISSN
- 0012-1797 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-327X
- OpenAlex
- W2101746144
- Cited by
- 138
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 8.88
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Diabetes (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Smart Family Foundation
- SUNY Downstate Medical Center
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Birth, Development, and Health
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Keywords
- early life stress, obesity, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, bonnet macaque, food insecurity, HPA axis dysregulation, glucagon-like peptide-1, glucose disposal, peripubertal development, cortisol, corticotropin-releasing factor, brain development
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Blood Glucose, Disease Models, Animal, Feeding Behavior, Female, Insulin Resistance, Cholesterol, HDL, Cholesterol, LDL, Macaca radiata, Male, Maternal Behavior, Maternal Deprivation, Obesity, Stress, Psychological, Triglycerides
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