Cited by 61Pancreatic function and diabetesDiabetes Treatment and ManagementAdrenal Hormones and Disorders

Glucocorticoids Reprogram β-Cell Signaling to Preserve Insulin Secretion

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Fine, Nicholas H.F., Doig, Craig L., Elhassan, Yasir S., Vierra, Nicholas C., Marchetti, Piero, Bugliani, Marco, Nano, Rita, Piemonti, Lorenzo +4 more·2018·Diabetes

Abstract

Excessive glucocorticoid exposure has been shown to be deleterious for pancreatic β-cell function and insulin release. However, glucocorticoids at physiological levels are essential for many homeostatic processes, including glycemic control. We show that corticosterone and cortisol and their less active precursors 11-dehydrocorticosterone (11-DHC) and cortisone suppress voltage-dependent Ca2+ channel function and Ca2+ fluxes in rodent as well as in human β-cells. However, insulin secretion, maximal ATP/ADP responses to glucose, and β-cell identity were all unaffected. Further examination revealed the upregulation of parallel amplifying cAMP signals and an increase in the number of membrane-docked insulin secretory granules. Effects of 11-DHC could be prevented by lipotoxicity and were associated with paracrine regulation of glucocorticoid activity because global deletion of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 normalized Ca2+ and cAMP responses. Thus, we have identified an enzymatically amplified feedback loop whereby glucocorticoids boost cAMP to maintain insulin secretion in the face of perturbed ionic signals. Failure of this protective mechanism may contribute to diabetes in states of glucocorticoid excess, such as Cushing syndrome, which are associated with frank dyslipidemia.

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  • Cortisol modulates insulin secretion in pancreatic beta cells.

    “by modulating insulin secretion in pancreatic beta cells ( 36-39 ),”

    From Dynamic modulation of glucose utilisation by glucocorticoid rhythms in health and disease (2020) · cites this paper as [37]

    The Results section (‘Glucocorticoids Do Not Affect Insulin Secretory Responses’) reports that cortisol treatment did not change insulin secretion in primary human islets. The Discussion explains that glucocorticoids alter β-cell signaling, but compensatory cAMP signaling preserves insulin secretory output rather than changing it. (LLM, conf=0.85)

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  • Hypercortisolism induced by chronic stress, Cushing's syndrome, or medication is a known risk factor for the development of diabetes.

    “For instance, hypercortisolism induced by chronic stress, Cushing’s syndrome, or medication is a known risk factor for the development of diabetes.”

    From Mathematical Modelling of Endocrine Systems (2019) · cites this paper as [82]

    The passage indexed under Abstract (page unavailable) says glucocorticoid excess, including Cushing syndrome, is prodiabetic because it causes glucose intolerance and insulin resistance. It also describes insulin resistance after systemic glucocorticoid administration, but does not specifically address medication use or chronic stress as causes of hypercortisolism. (LLM, conf=0.84)

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  • Glucocorticoid effects on beta cell function depend on the dose, potency, duration of exposure, cellular context, and susceptibility of the cell line.

    “These arise because glucocorticoid effects depend on the dose, potency, and duration of exposure of the steroid used, the cellular context (e.g., in vivo vs. in vitro ) and the susceptibility of the cell line ( 37 ).”

    From Dynamic modulation of glucose utilisation by glucocorticoid rhythms in health and disease (2020) · cites this paper as [37]

    The introductory passage in our copy (page unavailable) says that effects on insulin secretion vary with steroid potency, concentration, and treatment duration. The Discussion also contrasts isolated-islet and in vivo administration and notes differences between islets from obese and wild-type mice. These passages support the dose, duration, and cellular-context points, but do not establish susceptibility of a particular cell line. (LLM, conf=0.87)

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Authors
Fine, N. H. F., Doig, C. L., Elhassan, Y. S., Vierra, N. C., Marchetti, P., Bugliani, M., Nano, R., Piemonti, L., Rutter, G. A., Jacobson, D. A., Lavery, G. G., & Hodson, D. J.
Affiliations
  • University of Birmingham (GB)
  • Vanderbilt University (US)
  • University of Pisa (IT)
  • IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele (IT)
  • Imperial College London (GB)
  • University of Nottingham (GB)
Corresponding author
Hodson, David J.
Venue
Diabetes
Published
2017-12-04
Volume
67
Issue
2
Pages
278-290
ISSN
  • 0012-1797 (ISSN-L)
  • 1939-327X
OpenAlex
W2773672092
Cited by
61
References
50
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 1
FWCI
6.17
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Diabetes (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • CINECA IRIS Institutial research information system (University of Pisa) (submittedVersion)
  • Nottingham Trent University's Institutional Repository (Nottingham Trent Repository) (submittedVersion)
  • Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca - Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele (submittedVersion)
  • University of Birmingham Research Portal (University of Birmingham) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
  • Spiral (Imperial College London) (submittedVersion)
  • VUBIR (Vrije Universiteit Brussel) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health (R01-DK-097392)
  • American Diabetes Association (1-17-IBS-024)
  • JDRF (1-RSC-2014-90-I-X)
  • Wellcome Trust (WT098424AIA)
  • Medical Research Council (MR/J0003042/1)
  • Biological and Biotechnology Research Council (BB/J015873/1)
  • Diabetes UK (11/0004210, MR/N00275X/1, 104612/Z/14/Z, 12/0004431)
  • European Foundation for the Study of Diabetes ((EFSD)/Novo Nordisk Rising Star Fellowship)
  • European Research Council (715884)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Pancreatic function and diabetes
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
Keywords
glucocorticoids, pancreatic beta cells, insulin secretion, corticosterone, cortisol, 11-dehydrocorticosterone, cortisone, voltage-gated calcium channels, calcium flux, cAMP signaling, insulin secretory granules, 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1, lipotoxicity, Cushing's syndrome, dyslipidemia
MeSH terms
Insulin Secretion, Cyclic AMP, Animals, Cell Differentiation, Corticosterone, Cortisone, Glucocorticoids, Glucose, Humans, Hydrocortisone, Insulin, Kinetics, Mice, Inbred Strains, Calcium Channels, Biomarkers, Mice, Knockout, Calcium Signaling, 11-beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1, Tissue Culture Techniques, Insulin-Secreting Cells

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