Cited by 160Pancreatic function and diabetesDiabetes Treatment and ManagementDiabetes and associated disorders

Roles of insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction in dexamethasone-induced diabetes.

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Ogawa, A, Johnson, J H, Ohneda, M, McAllister, C T, Inman, L, Alam, T, Unger, R H·1992·Journal of Clinical Investigation

Abstract

The roles of insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction in glucocorticoid-induced diabetes were determined in Wistar and Zucker (fa/fa) rats. All Wistar rats treated with 5 mg/kg per d of dexamethasone for 24 d exhibited increased beta-cell mass and basal and arginine-stimulated insulin secretion, indicating insulin resistance, but only 16% became diabetic. The insulin response to 20 mM glucose was normal in the perfused pancreas of all normoglycemic dexamethasone-treated rats but absent in every diabetic rat. Immunostainable high Km beta-cell transporter, GLUT-2, was present in approximately 100% of beta-cells of normoglycemic rats, but in only 25% of beta cells of diabetic rats. GLUT-2 mRNA was not reduced. All Zucker (fa/fa) rats treated with 0.2-0.4 mg/kg per d of dexamethasone for 24 d became diabetic and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion was absent in all. High Km glucose transport in islets was 50% below nondiabetic controls. Only 25% of beta cells of diabetic rats were GLUT-2-positive compared with approximately 100% in controls. Total pancreatic GLUT-2 mRNA was increased twofold suggesting a posttranscriptional abnormality. We conclude that dexamethasone induces insulin resistance, whether or not it induces hyperglycemia. Whenever hyperglycemia is present, GLUT-2-positive beta cells are reduced, high Km glucose transport into beta cells is attenuated and the insulin response to glucose is absent.

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  • Systemic administration of glucocorticoids induces insulin resistance, followed by a compensatory increase of beta cell mass and ultimately insulin secretory failure.

    “it is known that systemic administration of glucocorticoids induces insulin resistance, followed by a compensatory increase of beta cell mass and ultimately, insulin secretory failure ( 40 ).”

    From Dynamic modulation of glucose utilisation by glucocorticoid rhythms in health and disease (2020) · cites this paper as [40]

    The Abstract and Results report insulin resistance and increased beta-cell mass in dexamethasone-treated Wistar rats. But only the rats that became diabetic lost glucose-stimulated insulin secretion; basal and arginine-stimulated secretion remained elevated. The paper does not establish a universal progression to general insulin secretory failure. (LLM, conf=0.88)

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Research works printed but not linked: 2

  1. Orci, L., M. Ravazzola, D. Baetens, L. Inman, M. Amherdt, R. G. Peterson, C. B. Newgard, J. H. Johnson, and R. H. Unger. 1990. Evidencethatdown-regula- tion of #-cell glucose transporters in non-insulin-dependent diabetes may be the cause of diabetic hyperglycemia. Proc. Nazi. Acad. Sci. USA. 87:9953-9957.
  2. Flier, J. S., and A. C. Moses. 1989. Diabetes and Cushing's Syndrome. In Endocrinology. L. J. DeGroot, editor. W. B. Saunders, Philadelphia. 1392-1394.

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Authors
Ogawa, A., Johnson, J. H., Ohneda, M., McAllister, C. T., Inman, L., Alam, T., & Unger, R. H.
Affiliations
  • The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (US)
  • Veterans Health Administration (US)
Venue
Journal of Clinical Investigation
Published
1992-08-01
Volume
90
Issue
2
Pages
497-504
ISSN
0021-9738 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W1983709201
Cited by
159
References
19
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 5
FWCI
7.33
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Journal of Clinical Investigation (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health (5p01dk042582-04)
  • National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK-02700-31, 1-P01-DK42582-01)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Pancreatic function and diabetes
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Diabetes and associated disorders
Keywords
glucocorticoid-induced diabetes, dexamethasone, insulin resistance, beta-cell dysfunction, GLUT2, glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, beta-cell mass, Zucker fatty rats, pancreatic islets, hyperglycemia
MeSH terms
Animals, Biological Transport, Dexamethasone, Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental, Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Glucose, Insulin, Insulin Resistance, Islets of Langerhans, Monosaccharide Transport Proteins, RNA, Messenger, Secretory Rate, Gene Expression, Rats

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