Exercise capacity and body mass as predictors of mortality among male veterans with type 2 diabetes
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVE—To demonstrate the relation of exercise capacity and BMI to mortality in a population of male veterans with type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—After excluding two underweight patients (BMI <18.5 kg/m2), the study population comprised 831 consecutive patients with type 2 diabetes (mean age 61 ± 9 years) referred for exercise testing for clinical reasons between 1995 and 2006. Exercise capacity was determined from a maximal exercise test and measured in metabolic equivalents (METs). Patients were classified both according to BMI category (18.5–24.9, 25.0–29.9, and ≥30 kg/m2) and by exercise capacity (<5.0 or ≥5.0 maximal METs). The association among exercise capacity, BMI, other clinical variables, and all-cause mortality was assessed by Cox proportional hazards. Study participants were followed for mortality up to 30 June 2006. RESULTS—During a mean follow-up of 4.8 ± 3.0 years, 112 patients died, for an average annual mortality rate of 2.2%. Each 1-MET increase in exercise capacity conferred a 10% survival benefit (hazard ratio 0.90 [95% CI 0.82–0.98]; P = 0.01), but BMI was not significantly associated with mortality. After adjustment for age, ethnicity, examination year, BMI, presence of cardiovascular disease (CVD), and CVD risk factors, diabetic patients achieving <5 maximal METs were 70% more likely to die (1.70 [1.13–2.54]) than those achieving ≥5 maximal METs. CONCLUSIONS—There was a strong inverse association between exercise capacity and mortality in this cohort of men with documented diabetes, and this relationship was independent of BMI.
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A work capacity greater than 10 METs carries the lowest risk, independent of obesity.
“A work capacity >10 METs (where 1 MET is defined as the equivalent of resting metabolic rate) carries the lowest risk, independent of obesity ( 42 , 153 , 186 ).”
From Exercise and Type 2 Diabetes (2010) · cites this paper as [186]
The Statistical analysis section reports that mortality fell as exercise capacity increased and that this association was independent of BMI. But the paper compares <5 with ≥5 METs; it does not establish that >10 METs specifically carries the lowest risk. Page numbers are unavailable in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.88)
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- Authors
- McAuley, P. A., Myers, J. N., Abella, J. P., Tan, S. Y., & Froelicher, V. F.
- Affiliations
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System (US)
- Venue
- Diabetes Care
- Publisher
- American Diabetes Association
- Published
- 2007-06-01
- Volume
- 30
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1539-1543
- ISSN
- 0149-5992 (ISSN-L)
- 1935-5548
- OpenAlex
- W2128537858
- Cited by
- 69
- References
- 21
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 5.36
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Diabetes Care (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (IK6 RX002477)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Keywords
- type 2 diabetes, exercise capacity, body mass index, all-cause mortality, veterans, maximal exercise test, metabolic equivalents, cardiovascular disease
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Blood Pressure, Body Weight, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Exercise Test, Follow-Up Studies, Heart Rate, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Smoking, Time Factors, United States, Veterans, Cohort Studies, Exercise, Survival Analysis, Databases, Factual
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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