Insulin Resistance Is Associated With Decreased Quadriceps Muscle Strength in Nondiabetic Adults Aged ≥70 Years
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVE: Lower-limb muscle strength is reduced in many people with diabetes. In this study, we examined whether quadriceps muscle strength is reduced in relation to insulin resistance in well-functioning ambulatory nondiabetic individuals. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Participants (age ≥70 years) underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scanning to ascertain muscle and fat mass, tests of quadriceps strength, computed tomography scanning of the quadriceps to gauge muscle lipid content, and fasting insulin and glucose level measurements from which homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was derived. RESULTS: In regression analysis, quadriceps strength per kilogram of muscle mass was negatively associated (P < 0.0001) with HOMA-IR independent of other factors negatively associated with strength such as increased age, female sex, low-physical activity, impaired fasting glucose, and increased total body fat. Muscle lipid content was not associated with strength. CONCLUSIONS: A small decrease in quadriceps muscle force is associated with increased HOMA-IR in well-functioning nondiabetic adults, suggesting that diminished quadriceps muscle strength begins before diabetes.
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High fasting and post-challenge concentrations of glucose and insulin independently associate with muscle loss in people without diabetes.
“High fasting and post-challenge concentrations of both glucose and insulin also independently associate with muscle loss in individuals without diabetes, suggesting that dysglycaemia or insulin resistance, or both, could be risk factors for accelerated muscle loss.40”
From Age-related and disease-related muscle loss: The effect of diabetes, obesity, and other diseases (2014) · cites this paper as [40]
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- Authors
- Barzilay, J. I., Cotsonis, G. A., Walston, J., Schwartz, A. V., Satterfield, S., Miljkovic, I., Harris, T. B., & Study, F. T. H. A.
- Affiliations
- Kaiser Permanente (US)
- Emory University (US)
- Johns Hopkins University (US)
- University of California, San Francisco (US)
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center (US)
- University of Pittsburgh (US)
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Corresponding author
- Barzilay, Joshua I.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Diabetes Care
- Publisher
- American Diabetes Association
- Published
- 2009-01-26
- Volume
- 32
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 736-738
- ISSN
- 0149-5992 (ISSN-L)
- 1935-5548
- PMC
- PMC2660450
- OpenAlex
- W2169247607
- Cited by
- 144
- References
- 15
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 3.99
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Diabetes Care (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute on Aging (N01‐AG‐6–2101, N01AG62106, N01-AG-62103)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (K01DK083029)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Muscle Physiology and Disorders
- Keywords
- insulin resistance, quadriceps strength, older adults, non-diabetic adults, HOMA-IR, muscle mass, muscle fat content, sarcopenia, physical activity, fat mass
- MeSH terms
- Adipose Tissue, Aged, Female, Humans, Insulin Resistance, Male, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Absorptiometry, Photon, Quadriceps Muscle, Muscle Strength
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