Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 256

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 29 of the 29 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Combined Effects of Routine Blood Pressure Lowering and Intensive Glucose Control on Macrovascular and Microvascular Outcomes in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

Open access
Zoungas, Sophia, de Galan, Bastiaan E., Ninomiya, Toshiharu, Grobbee, Diederick, Hamet, Pavel, Heller, Simon, MacMahon, Stephen, Marre, Michel, Neal, Bruce, Patel, Anushka, Woodward, Mark, Chalmers, John, on behalf of the ADVANCE Collaborative Group·2009·Diabetes Care
DOI 10.2337/dc09-0959
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To assess the magnitude and independence of the effects of routine blood pressure lowering and intensive glucose control on clinical outcomes in patients with long-standing type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: This was a multicenter, factorial randomized trial of perindopril-indapamide versus placebo (double-blind comparison) and intensive glucose control with a gliclazide MR–based regimen (target A1C ≤6.5%) versus standard glucose control (open comparison) in 11,140 participants with type 2 diabetes who participated in the Action in Diabetes and Vascular Disease: Preterax and Diamicron MR Controlled Evaluation (ADVANCE) trial. Annual event rates and risks of major macrovascular and microvascular events considered jointly and separately, renal events, and death during an average 4.3 years of follow-up were assessed, using Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS: There was no interaction between the effects of routine blood pressure lowering and intensive glucose control for any of the prespecified clinical outcomes (all P > 0.1): the separate effects of the two interventions for the renal outcomes and death appeared to be additive on the log scale. Compared with neither intervention, combination treatment reduced the risk of new or worsening nephropathy by 33% (95% CI 12–50%, P = 0.005), new onset of macroalbuminuria by 54% (35–68%, P < 0.0001), and new onset of microalbuminuria by 26% (17–34%). Combination treatment was associated with an 18% reduction in the risk of all-cause death (1–32%, P = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS: The effects of routine blood pressure lowering and intensive glucose control were independent of one another. When combined, they produced additional reductions in clinically relevant outcomes.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.2337/dc09-0959

Cites

29 of 29 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 29 references

Cited by

See all 256

Metadata

Authors
Zoungas, S., de Galan, B. E., Ninomiya, T., Grobbee, D., Hamet, P., Heller, S., MacMahon, S., Marre, M., Neal, B., Patel, A., Woodward, M., Chalmers, J., & on behalf of the ADVANCE Collaborative Group
Venue
Diabetes Care
Publisher
American Diabetes Association
Published
2009-08-03
Volume
32
Issue
11
Pages
2068-2074
ISSN
  • 0149-5992 (ISSN-L)
  • 1935-5548
DOI
10.2337/dc09-0959
OpenAlex
W2097225786
Cited by
256
References
29
FWCI
21.09
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
hybrid

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Combined Effects of Routine Blood Pressure Lowering and Intensive Glucose Control on Macrovascular and Microvascular Outcomes in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.2337/dc09-0959
The paper
Zoungas, S., de Galan, B. E., Ninomiya, T., Grobbee, D., Hamet, P., Heller, S., MacMahon, S., Marre, M., Neal, B., Patel, A., Woodward, M., Chalmers, J., & on behalf of the ADVANCE Collaborative Group. (2009). Combined Effects of Routine Blood Pressure Lowering and Intensive Glucose Control on Macrovascular and Microvascular Outcomes in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes Care. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc09-0959

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.