High Level of Concordance Between Assays for Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Antibodies: The First International Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Antibody Workshop
Abstract
Glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies (GADAbs) are being increasingly used in clinical and research programs for the prediction and classification of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). A number of different assay formats for the measurement of GADAbs have been reported, but the degree of concordance between assays is unknown. In this study, GADAbs were measured on 16 coded sera in 34 assays to examine concordance between GADAb assays and establish the feasibility of an international GADAb standard of measurement unit. The 16 lyophilized coded samples consisted of sera from healthy control subjects (n = 2), IDDM patients (n = 3), a patient with polyendocrine autoimmunity (n = 1), and duplicate dilutions of plasmapheresis serum from a patient with stiff-man syndrome (SMS). A high level of concordance was found in the ranking of GADAb levels (P = 0.99, Friedman's test) in the samples. Thirteen (38%) assays could reproducibly distinguish dilutions of SMS serum and detect GADAbs in all IDDM and polyendocrine autoimmunity sera tested. Although assessed on only four samples, disease specificity was 100% in 29 assays. The majority of assays that immunoprecipitated radiolabeled GAD gave high results for sensitivity and specificity. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and assays using immunofluorescence were generally less sensitive. Several assays, in particular those measuring GAD enzymatic activity immunoprecipitated in fluid phase from rat brain homogenate, showed a prozon…
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- Authors
- Schmidli, R. S., Colman, P. G., Bonifacio, E., Franco Bottazzo, G., & Harrison, L. C.
- Affiliations
- The Royal Melbourne Hospital (AU)
- Instituto Scientiflco San Raffaele Milan, Italy
- Department of Immunology, The London Hospital Medical College London, U.K.
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research (AU)
- Venue
- Diabetes
- Publisher
- American Diabetes Association
- Published
- 1994-08-01
- Volume
- 43
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 1005-1009
- ISSN
- 0012-1797 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-327X
- OpenAlex
- W2153360627
- Cited by
- 86
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2023: 1 · 2019: 4 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 1 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 5.47
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Diabetes (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Diabetes and associated disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Autoimmune Neurological Disorders and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
- Keywords
- glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies, assay concordance, type 1 diabetes, stiff person syndrome, measurement standardization, prozone phenomenon, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunofluorescence assay, sensitivity and specificity
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Autoantibodies, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Glutamate Decarboxylase, Humans, Immunoassay, Immunosorbent Techniques, Recombinant Proteins, Sensitivity and Specificity, Swine, Blotting, Western, Mice, Rats
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