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Development of Questionnaire to Examine Relationship of Physical Activity and Diabetes in Pima Indians
Abstract
There was a need to design a questionnaire that could accurately assess the activity patterns of Native Americans to evaluate the relationship between physical activity and diabetes. Such a questionnaire was developed and implemented into the data collection scheme of the prospective Pima Indian Study of Arizona. The questionnaire, which assesses historical, past-year, and past-week leisure and occupational activity, was examined in 29 Pima individuals aged 21-36 yr and was shown to be reliable with test-retest correlations (rank-order correlations ranged from 0.62 to 0.96 for leisure and occupational activity). Reproducibility of the past-year leisure physical-activity estimate was determined in 69 participants aged 10-59 yr and was found to be reliable in all age-groups with the exception of the 10- to 14-yr-old age-group (rank-order correlations were 0.31 in the 10- to 14-yr-old age-group compared to 0.88 to 0.92 in those greater than 20 yr of age). Validity of the current-activity section of the questionnaire was demonstrated indirectly through comparisons with activity monitors. The past-week leisure-activity estimate was related to the Caltrac activity monitor counts per hour (rho = 0.62, P less than 0.05, n = 17). In summary, a physical-activity questionnaire has been developed that is both reliable and feasible to use in the Pima Indian population to evaluate the relationship of physical activity to non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
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“The MAQ assesses past year, moderate/vigorous-intensity leisure PAs common to the population in question (7,8).”
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“All subjects were administered an activity questionnaire (13).”
From Effects of Traditional and Western Environments on Prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes in Pima Indians in Mexico and the U.S. (2006) · cites this paper as [13]
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Moslehi, N., Hosseini‐Esfahani, F., Hosseinpanah, F., Mirmiran, P., & Azizi, F. (2015) · Nutrition & Dietetics · doi:10.1111/1747-0080.12189 · Cited by 8
Lifetime Physical Activity and White Matter Hyperintensities in Cognitively Intact Adults
Torres, E. R., Hoscheidt, S. M., Bendlin, B. B., Magnotta, V. A., Lancaster, G. D., Brown., R. L., & Paradiso, S. (2019) · Nursing Research · doi:10.1097/nnr.0000000000000341 · Cited by 8
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Santaren, I. D., Bazinet, R. P., Liu, Z., Johnston, L., Sievenpiper, J. L., Giacca, A., Retnakaran, R. R., Harris, S. B., Zinman, B., & Hanley, A. J. (2019) · Lipids · doi:10.1002/lipd.12185 · Cited by 8
Dietary diversity modifies the association between FTO polymorphisms and obesity phenotypes
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BackgroundAttributions for Health‐Related Physical Activity
Nickel, D., & Spink, K. S. (2010) · Journal of Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1559-1816.2010.00687.x · Cited by 8
Shab‐Bidar, S., Hosseini‐Esfahani, F., Mirmiran, P., Mehran, M., & Azizi, F. (2013) · Nutrition & Dietetics · doi:10.1111/1747-0080.12026 · Cited by 8
Amount of Physical Activity in Pregnancy and Infant Heart Outcomes
May, L., & Suminski, R. (2014) · Journal of Neonatal Biology · doi:10.4172/2167-0897.1000160 · Cited by 5
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MethodAllen, N. A., Melkus, G. D., & Chyun, D. A. (2011) · Journal of Transcultural Nursing · doi:10.1177/1043659611414143 · Cited by 8
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“Additionally, previous reports found moderate validity for the Iranian version of the MAQ instrument; therefore, the findings should be interpreted with caution.”
MethodInfluentialHosseini‐Esfahani, F., Koochakpoor, G., Tahmasebinejad, Z., Khalili, D., Mirmiran, P., & Azizi, F. (2020) · Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.numecd.2020.07.017 · Cited by 8
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“The conicity index (C-index) and body roundness index (BRI) are proposed by the following formulas [37, 38]: Participants were asked about their physical activity by using a modifiable activity questionnaire [39, 40].”
MethodIncidence of abdominal obesity and its risk factors among Tehranian adults
Barzin, M., Piri, Z. A., Serahati, S., Valizadeh, M., Azizi, F., & Hosseinpanah, F. (2018) · Public Health Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s136898001800188x · Cited by 7
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MethodLespagnol, É., Tagougui, S., Fernandez, B. O., Zerimech, F., Matran, R., Maboudou, P., Berthoin, S., Descat, A., Kim, I., Pawlak‐Chaouch, M., et al. (2020) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s00125-020-05329-8 · Cited by 7
Devaraj, S. M., Rockette-Wagner, B., Miller, R. G., Arena, V., Napoleone, J. M., Conroy, M., & Kriska, A. (2021) · Journal of Primary Care & Community Health · doi:10.1177/21501327211029816 · Cited by 6
Self-citationImpact of a randomized weight loss trial on breast tissue markers in breast cancer survivors
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“Kriska et al. (1990) developed a PAQ to study PA and its role in type 2 diabetes in U.S. Pima Indians.”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialVaidya, T., Thomas-Ollivier, V., Hug, F., Bernady, A., Blanc, C. L., de Bisschop, C., & Chambellan, A. (2020) · International Journal of COPD · doi:10.2147/copd.s214410 · Cited by 8
“in Native Americans is also available in a French selfadministered version.(19,33) Similarly, the International”
BackgroundReported and Device-Based Physical Activity By Race/Ethnic Groups in Young-Old Women
Stewart, A., Sternfeld, B., Lange‐Maia, B. S., Ylitalo, K. R., Colvin, A. B., Karvonen-Gutierrez, C. A., Dugan, S. A., Green, R. R., & Gabriel, K. P. (2020) · Journal for the Measurement of Physical Behaviour · doi:10.1123/jmpb.2019-0062 · Cited by 7
Hosseinpour‐Niazi, S., Bakhshi, B., Mirmiran, P., & Azizi, F. (2021) · Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2021.02.013 · Cited by 7
Historical Leisure Activity Questionnaire
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Ali, R., Lee, E. T., KNEHANS, A. W., Zhang, Y., Yeh, J. L., Rhoades, E. R., Jobe, J. B., Ali, T., & Johnson, M. R. (2013) · PubMed · Cited by 7
Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy, Exercise, and Older Adults' Quality of Life
Schneider, J. K., Cook, J. H., & Luke, D. A. (2008) · Western Journal of Nursing Research · doi:10.1177/0193945907312977 · Cited by 7
“We scored the baseline activity questionnaire using only activities that participants performed at least 10 times over the past year (Modifiable Activity Questionnaire, 1997).”
MethodInfluentialHosseini‐Esfahani, F., Koochakpoor, G., Mirmiran, P., Ebrahimof, S., & Azizi, F. (2019) · Nutrition & Metabolism · doi:10.1186/s12986-019-0411-2 · Cited by 6
Activity measurement in pediatric chronic fatigue syndrome
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“The MAQ is a self-report questionnaire that asks participants to report how many minutes per day, days per week, and months per year they engage in 39 specified activities, such as basketball, dance, or weight lifting.(23) Participants are also able to add activities that are not already listed on the questionnaire.”
BackgroundLai, K. Z. H., Semnani‐Azad, Z., Retnakaran, R. R., Harris, S. B., & Hanley, A. J. (2021) · Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.numecd.2021.07.025 · Cited by 7
Brayton, R. P., Price, A. M., Jones, C., Ellis, C. S., Burkhart, S. O., & Knell, G. (2023) · Applied Neuropsychology Child · doi:10.1080/21622965.2023.2181082 · Cited by 6
“Pre-injury physical activity was assessed using the modifiable activity questionnaire for adolescents (MAQ-A) (Delshad et al., 2015; Kriska et al., 1990).”
Golmohammadi, M., Hosseinpour‐Niazi, S., Hadaegh, P., Mirmiran, P., Azizi, F., & Hadaegh, F. (2023) · British Journal Of Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s0007114523002854 · Cited by 6
“Physical activity was assessed using the Modifiable Activity Questionnaire, and the frequency and amount of time spent per week on physical activity over the last year were recorded (34) .”
MethodPhysician Counseling and Longer Term Physical Activity
Spink, K. S., & WILSON, K. S. (2010) · Journal of Primary Care & Community Health · doi:10.1177/2150131910380421 · Cited by 6
“The MAQ has been found to be a reliable and valid measure of self-reported physical activity.(14) Treatment adherence.”
Hosseini‐Esfahani, F., Esfandiar, Z., Mirmiran, P., DANESHPOUR, M. S., Ghanbarian, A., & Azizi, F. (2019) · European Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1038/s41430-019-0397-x · Cited by 6
Kariuki, J. K., Gibbs, B. B., Erickson, K. I., Kriska, A. M., Sereika, S. M., Ogutu, D., Milton, H., Wagner, L., Rao, N., Peralta, R. J., et al. (2021) · Contemporary Clinical Trials · doi:10.1016/j.cct.2021.106380 · Cited by 6
Self-citationCraighead, D. H., Freeberg, K. A., McCarty, N. P., Rossman, M. J., Moreau, K. L., You, Z., Chonchol, M., & Seals, D. R. (2022) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2022.967478 · Cited by 8
“Screening assessments will include: • Resting BP and heart rate • Height and body weight • Medical history and physical examination • Exercise stress test • Ankle-brachial index • Questionnaire and paperwork • Family medical history • Physical activity via the Modifiable Activity Questionnaire (Kriska et al., 1990; Vu…”
MethodLaRoche, D. P. (2009) · Isokinetics and Exercise Science · doi:10.3233/ies-2009-0354 · Cited by 6
“To document activity level, a historical activity interview was used to estimate the average volume of physical activity for the previous ten years and was reported in MET · hours · week − 1 [2,13].”
Maillot, P., & Perrot, A. (2012) · NPG. Neurologie, psychiatrie, gériatrie/NPG · doi:10.1016/j.npg.2012.07.008 · Cited by 7
Prevention of type 2 diabetes by physical activity: What has history taught us?
Balducci, S. (2020) · Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews · doi:10.1002/dmrr.3308 · Cited by 6
“One innovation suggested was the use of questionnaires to subjectively evaluate the types of exercise and physical activity in different domains, leading to the Occupational and Leisure Time Physical Activity Assessment.4 They also suggested that energy expenditure too, should be verified by physical monitors, leading…”
MethodCorrelates of Lifetime Physical Activity in Young Women
Wallace, L. S. (2003) · American Journal of Health Education · doi:10.1080/19325037.2003.10603524 · Cited by 6
“Oral Interview Historical physical activity was assessed with the Historical Leisure Questionnaire (Kriska, 1997a; Kriska et al., 1990).”
MethodWang, J., Matthews, J. T., Sereika, S. M., Chasens, E. R., Ewing, L. J., & Burke, L. E. (2013) · Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment · doi:10.1177/0734282913480470 · Cited by 6
“Physical activity level was assessed using the Modified Activity Questionnaire (Kriska & Caspersen, 1997), which estimates the average MET-hours spent on total physical activity in the past week (Kriska et al., 1990; Schulz, Harper, Smith, Kriska, & Ravussin, 1994).”
MethodEsfandiar, Z., Hosseini‐Esfahani, F., DANESHPOUR, M. S., et al. (2018) · PubMed · doi:10.22038/ijbms.2018.26768.6555 · Cited by 6
To move or not to move while on campus: Examining the influence of others
Anderson, K. J., Spink, K. S., & Bhargava, S. (2022) · Journal of American College Health · doi:10.1080/07448481.2022.2058880 · Cited by 6
“Reliability and validity of the measure has been provided among adult populations 34 and it has been used with a university student population.”
BackgroundMethodBone Mineral Density in Mountain, Road Cyclists and Untrained Controls: Exercise, Diet and Hormones
Zamboni, F., Ferrari, P., Cazzoletti, L., Setti, A., Bertoldo, F., Carbonare, L. D., Danese, E., Tardivo, S., Crisafulli, E., & Ferrari, M. (2023) · Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport · doi:10.1080/02701367.2023.2242417 · Cited by 5
“Physical activity was assessed using the Minnesota Leisure Time Physical Activity Questionnaire (Kriska et al., 1990).”
MethodBlair, Y. A., Doherty, L., Temprosa, M. G., Pop‐Busui, R., Gadde, K. M., Singh, P., Owora, A. H., Wessells, H., & Sarma, A. V. (2023) · Journal of Diabetes and its Complications · doi:10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2023.108669 · Cited by 5
The association between score of plant-based diet and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in adults
Fallah, A., abdolazimi, H., Darabi, Z., Talenezhad, N., Mirzavandi, F., Rahimpour, S., & Hosseinzadeh, M. (2024) · Clinical Nutrition ESPEN · doi:10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.04.013 · Cited by 5
“The International Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to assess physical activity (25).”
MethodShams‐White, M., Tjaden, A. H., Edelstein, S. L., Bassiouni, S. S., Kahle, L., Kim, C., Pi-Sunyer, X., Temple, K. A., Venditti, E. M., Reedy, J., et al. (2022) · BMC Nutrition · doi:10.1186/s40795-022-00596-7 · Cited by 8
“Physical activity PA was collected at every annual visit through 15 years using the Modifiable Activity Questionnaire (MAQ), a valid and reliable tool to assess adult moderate and vigorous PA (MVPA) [25, 26].”
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“The Modifi-able Activity Questionnaire (MAQ) was used to collect information on physical activity [26].”
Basu, A., Hooyman, A., Richardson, L. A., Alman, A. C., & Snell‐Bergeon, J. K. (2023) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu15214620 · Cited by 5
“Physical activity assessment was conducted utilizing the Modifiable Activity Questionnaire [31].”
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Racket or Bat Sports: No Association With Thumb-Base Osteoarthritis
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“In the first phase of the TLGS, physical activity level was assessed by the Lipid Research Clinic questionnaire, while considering the lack of precision of the Lipid Research Clinic(18), the Modifiable Activity Questionnaire, which measured all three types of activity (leisure time, job and household activities) in th…”
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Carty, C. L., Noonan, C., Muller, C. J., Suchy‐Dicey, A. M., Fretts, A. M., Verney, S. P., Howard, B. V., & Buchwald, D. (2022) · Neuroepidemiology · doi:10.1159/000521791 · Cited by 5
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“The International Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to assess physical activity [31].”
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“Questionaires were used to estimate past-year and past-week leisure and occupational physical activity (15).”
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“The Modi®able Activity Questionnaire (MAQ) assesses occupational and leisure activity, including exercise, over the past year (Kriska et al., 1990; Kriska & Bennett, 1992).”
BackgroundParental Influences on Child Weight: Perception, Willingness to Change, and Barriers
DL, W. D. R. (2016) · Journal of Obesity & Weight loss Therapy · doi:10.4172/2165-7904.1000293 · Cited by 6
“Data were used to estimate time spent in (hours per week) and total volume of physical activity (MET-hr/week) as previously described [18].”
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“Physical activity was determined using the Persian version of modifiable activity questionnaire (MAQ), validated in previous studies, and physical activity level was estimated in metabolic hours per week [10, 11].”
Chon, J.-E., Semnani‐Azad, Z., Lai, K. Z. H., Connelly, P. W., Retnakaran, R. R., Harris, S. B., Metherel, A. H., Jenkins, D. J. A., Bazinet, R. P., & Hanley, A. J. (2024) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/clinem/dgae445 · Cited by 4
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“Minutes/week of PA was assessed via an interviewer ‐ administered validated PA questionnaire (PAQ) at 1 year (i.e., end of the intervention) on type, frequency, and duration of activities over the past 3 months [30].”
Influence of Maternal BMI and Exercise on Fetal Heart Outcomes
May, L. E., Suminski, R. R., Jr., & Langaker, M. D. (2014) · Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics · Cited by 4
Kriska, A. M., Devaraj, S. M., Kramer, M. K., Napoleone, J. M., Rockette‐Wagner, B., Eaglehouse, Y. L., Arena, V. C., & Miller, R. G. (2022) · American Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2021.10.019 · Cited by 4
Self-citationSelk-Ghaffari, M., Nakhostin-Ansari, A., Oskouie, I. M., Gilvaei, Y. M., Mahdaviani, B., Gholami-Mehrabadi, M., & Kordi, R. (2023) · Journal of Physical Activity and Health · doi:10.1123/jpah.2021-0819 · Cited by 4
Akhgarjand, C., Entezarian, M., Samavat, S., Tavakoli, A., Anoushirvani, A. A., Asghari, G., Yusbashian, E., Dehghan, P., Mirmiran, P., & Imani, H. (2024) · BMC Nutrition · doi:10.1186/s40795-024-00943-w · Cited by 5
“The MAQ collects information on leisure-time and occupational physical activities performed over the past year [21].”
BackgroundPhysical activity in overweight and obese adults with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorders
Janney, C. A. (2012) · D-Scholarship@Pitt (University of Pittsburgh) · Cited by 4
Lee, J. J., Woodard, G. A., Gianaros, P. J., Barinas‐Mitchell, E., Tepper, P. G., & Conroy, M. B. (2015) · Obesity · doi:10.1002/oby.21138 · Cited by 4
“The MAQ questionnaire, a reliable and valid assessment of current leisure and occupational activities, was used to estimate total physical activity (metabolic equivalent hours per week, MET h-week) (27).”
MethodMcCrory, J. L., Salacinski, A. J., Sellhorst, S. H., & Greenspan, S. L. (2013) · The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research · doi:10.1519/jsc.0b013e31828bf29d · Cited by 4
“The subjects were also asked to complete a physical activity questionnaire to determine lifetime and current physical activity (15).”
BackgroundJacobi, D., Maillot, F., & Couet, C. (2008) · Médecine des Maladies Métaboliques · doi:10.1016/s1957-2557(08)71672-9 · Cited by 4
Kruk, J. (2010) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 4
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Misperception of the Cardiovascular Risk in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Alonso-Molero, J., Prieto-Pena, D., Mendoza-Vázquez, G., et al. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph17165954 · Cited by 4
“pdf) [29] and was expressed as weekly hours.”
Lesser, I., Dick, T. J. M., Gašević, D., Mackey, D. C., Leipsic, J. A., & Lear, S. A. (2014) · Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2014.07.038 · Cited by 4
“The percentage of total body fat was calculated by dividing total body fat by total body mass. Physical activity was assessed using the Modifiable PA Questionnaire previously used with a multi-ethnic population, inclusive of South Asians and Chinese, to examine PA (Kriska et al., 1990).”
MethodKazma, R., Bonaïti-pellié, C., Norris, J., & Génin, E. (2010) · European Journal of Human Genetics · doi:10.1038/ejhg.2009.119 · Cited by 4
Berger, M. A., Shin, C., Storti, K. L., Curb, J. D., Kriska, A. M., Arena, V. C., Choo, J., Ueshima, H., Okamura, T., Miura, K., et al. (2013) · Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.2188/jea.je20120151 · Cited by 4
Self-citationBulley, C., Donaghy, M. E., Payne, A., & Mutrie, N. (2005) · International Journal of Health Promotion and Education · doi:10.1080/14635240.2005.10708052 · Cited by 4
Homocysteine, fibrinogen and physical activity in human males with coronary artery disease
Prerost, M. R., Feldman, B. F., & Herbert, W. G. (1999) · Comparative Clinical Pathology · doi:10.1007/bf02585518 · Cited by 4
“96 for individuals aged 10–70 years (Kriska et al. 1990).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialThe Measurement of Energy Expenditure and Physical Activity
Tudor-Locke, C. E., Pettee, K. K., & Ainsworth, B. E. (2007) · Nutrition in exercise and sport · doi:10.1201/9780849379512.ch6 · Cited by 4
Napoleone, J. M., Miller, R. G., Devaraj, S. M., Rockette‐Wagner, B., Arena, V. C., Venditti, E. M., Kramer, M. K., Strotmeyer, E. S., & Kriska, A. M. (2021) · The Science of Diabetes Self-Management and Care · doi:10.1177/26350106211023990 · Cited by 5
“Self-reported leisure physical activity levels were assessed by trained interviewers using a past-month version of the Modifiable Activity Questionnaire (MAQ),(24) which has been shown to be both valid and reliable in adult populations.(25,26) The MAQ assesses past-month moderate/vigorous-intensity leisure physical ac…”
MethodSelf-citationCambios en la calidad de vida en pacientes diabéticos después de un programa de ejercicio
Calvo, M. A. H., Flores, M. E. D., Pascual, J. C. R., et al. (2003) · Revista del Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias · Cited by 4
Avaliação da qualidade de vida em participantes da Prova de São Silvestre
Tedesco, J. (2006) · Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (Universidade de São Paulo) · doi:10.11606/t.5.2006.tde-08122006-090013 · Cited by 4
Prerost, M. R. (1997) · VTechWorks (Virginia Tech) · Cited by 4
Sánchez‐Parente, S., Kern, K., Claiborne, A., Wisseman, B., Steen, D., Roenker, B., Lilley, A., Strom, C. J., Newton, E. R., DeVente, J., et al. (2025) · Sports Medicine - Open · doi:10.1186/s40798-025-00886-x · Cited by 3
“Results from the MPAQ after delivery were used to verify participants’ activity levels respective of their assigned group [24, 27].”
Whitworth, J. W., SantaBarbara, N. J., Nosrat, S., Pebole, M. M., Cripe, B. G., & McKeon, G. (2023) · Mental health and physical activity · doi:10.1016/j.mhpa.2023.100523 · Cited by 3
Richardson, L. A., Basu, A., Chien, L.-C., Alman, A. C., & Snell‐Bergeon, J. K. (2023) · Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice · doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2023.110978 · Cited by 3
Davis, E., Townsend, E. R., Cavalier, A., Chen, Y., Edwards-Hart, D., Kitsiou, S., Kowalczyk, W., Mansur, I., Okpara, E., Powell, K., et al. (2024) · JMIR Research Protocols · doi:10.2196/55700 · Cited by 3
“The Modifiable Activity Questionnaire is a self-report instrument that assesses leisure PAs over the past 7 days [32,33].”
Skin reflectance of lowland Bolivian youths of European ancestry
Greksa, L. P. (1998) · American Journal of Human Biology · doi:10.1002/(sici)1520-6300(1998)10:5 · Cited by 4
Koochakpoor, G., Mirmiran, P., DANESHPOUR, M. S., Hosseini‐Esfahani, F., Sedaghati-khayat, B., Hosseini, S. A., & Azizi, F. (2017) · Nutrition Research · doi:10.1016/j.nutres.2017.12.006 · Cited by 3
WILSON, K. S., & Spink, K. S. (2020) · Pediatric Exercise Science · doi:10.1123/pes.2019-0247 · Cited by 6
Marlow, A. L., Lawrence, C. M., Smith, T. A., Wynne, K., King, B. R., & Smart, C. E. (2024) · Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice · doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2024.111724 · Cited by 9
The Association of Dietary Inflammatory Index with the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: A Case-Control Study
Saboori, S., Mousavi, N., Vahid, F., Hébert, J. R., Asbaghi, O., Choobkar, S., Birjandi, M., Bahramfard, T., & Rad, E. Y. (2024) · Journal of Nutrition and Food Security · doi:10.18502/jnfs.v9i3.16151 · Cited by 2
Lai, K. Z. H., Harris, S. B., Retnakaran, R. R., Hanley, A. J., & Schwarz, U. I. (2025) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/clinem/dgaf031 · Cited by 3
Heterogeneity of Dietary Profiles in Highly Sedentary Young Guadeloupean Women
Antoine‐Jonville, S., Sinnapah, S., Laviolle, B., et al. (2010) · International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism · doi:10.1123/ijsnem.20.5.401 · Cited by 3
Metadata
- Authors
- Kriska, A. M., Knowler, W. C., LaPorte, R. E., Drash, A. L., Wing, R. R., Blair, S. N., Bennett, P. H., & Kuller, L. H.
- Affiliations
- University of Pittsburgh (US)
- Venue
- Diabetes Care
- Publisher
- American Diabetes Association
- Published
- 1990-04-01
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 401-411
- ISSN
- 0149-5992 (ISSN-L)
- 1935-5548
- OpenAlex
- W2004395090
- Cited by
- 755
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 31 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 36 · 2020: 35 · 2019: 29 · 2018: 30 · 2017: 28 · 2016: 31 · 2015: 37 · 2014: 36 · 2013: 42 · 2012: 39
- FWCI
- 1.88
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Diabetes Care (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Scholar Commons (University of South Carolina) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Physical Activity and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Indigenous Health and Education
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Keywords
- physical activity, diabetes mellitus, Pima Indians, questionnaire development, leisure-time physical activity, occupational physical activity, test-retest reliability, validity, wearable activity trackers, type 2 diabetes, Native Americans
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Arizona, Child, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Female, Humans, Indians, North American, Male, Middle Aged, Physical Fitness, Surveys and Questionnaires, Reproducibility of Results
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