Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose
Open accessAbstract
elf-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) is an important component of the treatment plan of patients with diabetes mellitus.Its use was the subject of an American Diabetes Association Consensus Conference in 1986 that dealt with issues regarding the intended and actual use of SMBG, the design, accuracy, and reliability of SMBG devices, how well patients were instructed in SMBG, and how patients and health care providers used the information generated to influence metabolic control.Over the ensuing 7 years, these devices have improved in portability and ease of use.Diabetes educators are teaching an everincreasing number of people with diabetes to use SMBG.In addition, the recent publication of the results of the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial has given validity to the concept that better metabolic control can significantly reduce the onset and progression of the microvascular and neuropathic complications of insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM).
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Important variables that may influence bedside glucose monitoring results include changes in hematocrit, altitude, environmental temperature or humidity, hypotension, hypoxia, high triglyceride concentrations, and various drugs.
“Important variables that may influence the results of bedside glucose monitoring include changes in hematocrit (114), altitude, environmental temperature or humidity, hypotension, hypoxia and high triglyceride concentrations (115), and various drugs.”
From Guidelines and recommendations for laboratory analysis in the diagnosis and management of diabetes mellitus (2011) · cites this paper as [115]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Evaluating clinical accuracy of systems for self-monitoring of blood glucose
Clarke, W. L., Cox, D., Gonder-Frederick, L. A., Carter, W., & Pohl, S. L. (1987) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.10.5.622 · Cited by 1,435 · see citing works
Self-monitoring of blood glucose by adults with diabetes in the United States population
Harris, M. I., Cowie, C. C., & Howie, L. J. (1993) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.16.8.1116 · Cited by 158 · see citing works
Clinical Evaluation of Computer-Assisted Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose System
Marrero, D. G., Kronz, K. K., Golden, M. P., Wright, J. C., Orr, D. P., & Fineberg, N. S. (1989) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.12.5.345 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Quality Control in Patient Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose
Greyson, J. P. (1993) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.16.9.1306 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
User Error in Blood Glucose Monitoring: The National Steering Committee for Quality Assurance Report
Nettles, A. T. (1993) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.16.6.946 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Quality assurance for blood glucose monitoring. The balance of feasibility and standards.
Walker, E. A. (1993) · PubMed · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Standards of medical care in diabetes 2010
American Diabetes Association (2010) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc10-s011 · Cited by 3,470 · see citing works
Self-citationStandards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2009
American Diabetes Association (2009) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc09-s013 · Cited by 2,167 · see citing works
Self-citationStandards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2008
American Diabetes Association (2008) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc08-s012 · Cited by 1,377 · see citing works
Self-citationSacks, D. B., Arnold, M., Bakris, G. L., Bruns, D. E., Horvath, A. R., Kirkman, M. S., Lernmark, A., Metzger, B. E., & Nathan, D. M. (2011) · Clinical Chemistry · doi:10.1373/clinchem.2010.161596 · Cited by 1,360 · see citing works
Sacks, D. B., Arnold, M., Bakris, G. L., Bruns, D. E., Horvath, A. R., Kirkman, M. S., Lernmark, A., Metzger, B. E., & Nathan, D. M. (2011) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc11-9998 · Cited by 718 · see citing works
Evans, J. M. M., Newton, R. W., Ruta, D. A., MacDonald, T. M., Stevenson, R. J., & Morris, A. D. (1999) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.319.7202.83 · Cited by 283 · see citing works
Diabetes self-management education core outcomes measures
Mulcahy, K., Maryniuk, M., Peeples, M., Peyrot, M., Tomky, D., Weaver, T., & Yarborough, P. (2003) · The Diabetes Educator · doi:10.1177/014572170302900509 · Cited by 273 · see citing works
Approved IFCC recommendation on reporting results for blood glucose (abbreviated)
D'Orazio, P. (2005) · Clinical Chemistry · doi:10.1373/clinchem.2005.051979 · Cited by 208 · see citing works
System Accuracy Evaluation of 27 Blood Glucose Monitoring Systems According to DIN EN ISO 15197
Freckmann, G., Baumstark, A., Jendrike, N., Zschornack, E., Kocher, S., Tshiananga, J., Heister, F., & Haug, C. (2010) · Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1089/dia.2009.0128 · Cited by 195 · see citing works
IFCC recommendation on reporting results for blood glucose
(2001) · Clinica Chimica Acta · doi:10.1016/s0009-8981(01)00431-4 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Freckmann, G., Schmid, C., Baumstark, A., Rutschmann, M., Haug, C., & Heinemann, L. (2015) · Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology · doi:10.1177/1932296815580160 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes
American Diabetes Association (2005) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.28.suppl_1.s4 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Self-citation
- Authors
- American Diabetes Association
- Corresponding author
- American Diabetes Association
- Venue
- Diabetes Care
- Publisher
- American Diabetes Association
- Published
- 1994-01-01
- Volume
- 17
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 81-86
- ISSN
- 0149-5992 (ISSN-L)
- 1935-5548
- OpenAlex
- W2607692509
- Cited by
- 255
- References
- 6
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 5 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 7.03
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Diabetes Care (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Education
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Keywords
- self-monitoring of blood glucose, diabetes mellitus, type 1 diabetes, glycemic control, diabetes education, blood glucose meter accuracy, meter reliability, patient instructions, microvascular complications, diabetic neuropathy, Diabetes Control and Complications Trial
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Blood Glucose, Diabetes Mellitus, Humans, Hyperglycemia, Hypoglycemia, Life Style, United States, Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring, Prevalence
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
