Report of the Expert Committee on the Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus

Role of Insulin Resistance in Human Disease

Reaven, G. M. (1988) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.37.12.1595 · Cited by 12,154

Classification and diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and other categories of glucose intolerance.

National Diabetes Data Group (1979) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.28.12.1039 · Cited by 4,909

Criteria for screening tests for gestational diabetes

Carpenter, M. W., & Coustan, D. R. (1982) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/0002-9378(82)90349-0 · Cited by 1,924

Relation of Body Fat Distribution to Metabolic Complications of Obesity*

KISSEBAH, A. H., VYDELINGUM, N., MURRAY, R., EVANS, D. J., KALKHOFF, R. K., & ADAMS, P. W. (1982) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem-54-2-254 · Cited by 1,909

Mutations in the hepatocyte nuclear factor-1α gene in maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY3)

Yamagata, K., Oda, N., Kaisaki, P. J., Menzel, S., Furuta, H., Vaxillaire, M., Southam, L., Cox, R., Lathrop, M. G., Boriraj, V. V., et al. (1996) · Nature · doi:10.1038/384455a0 · Cited by 1,610

Mutation in mitochondrial tRNALeu(UUR) gene in a large pedigree with maternally transmitted type II diabetes mellitus and deafness

van den Ouweland, J. M. W., Lemkes, H. H. P. J., Ruitenbeek, W., Sandkuijl, L. A., de Vijlder, M. F., Struyvenberg, P. A. A., van de Kamp, J. J. P., & Maassen, J. A. (1992) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/ng0892-368 · Cited by 1,135

The Syndromes of Insulin Resistance and Acanthosis Nigricans

Kahn, C. R., Flier, J. S., Bar, R. S., Archer, J. A., Görden, P., Martin, M. M., & Roth, J. (1976) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm197604012941401 · Cited by 1,101

Prevalence of Diabetes and Impaired Glucose Tolerance and Plasma Glucose Levels in U.S. Population Aged 20–74 Yr

Harris, M. I., Hadden, W. C., Knowler, W. C., & Bennett, P. H. (1987) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.36.4.523 · Cited by 1,096

The Pathogenesis of Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus

Epstein, F. H., Atkinson, M. A., & Maclaren, N. K. (1994) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199411243312107 · Cited by 1,078

Tests of Glycemia in Diabetes

American Diabetes Association (2003) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.26.2007.s106 · Cited by 1,037

Mutations in the hepatocyte nuclear factor-4α gene in maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY1)

Yamagata, K., Furuta, H., Oda, N., Kaisaki, P. J., Menzel, S., Cox, N. J., Fajans, S. S., Signorini, S. G., Stoffel, M., & Bell, G. I. (1996) · Nature · doi:10.1038/384458a0 · Cited by 975

Diabetes in identical twins

Barnett, A. H., Eff, C., Leslie, R. D., & Pyke, D. A. (1981) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/bf00262007 · Cited by 966

Hyperglycemie and Microvascular and Macrovascular Disease in Diabetes

Klein, R. (1995) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.18.2.258 · Cited by 844

Prediction of type I diabetes in first-degree relatives using a combination of insulin, GAD, and ICA512bdc/IA-2 autoantibodies

Verge, C. F., Gianani, R., Kawasaki, E., Yu, L., Pietropaolo, M., Chase, H. P., Eisenbarth, G. S., & Jackson, R. A. (1996) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.45.7.926 · Cited by 827

CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE RISK AND IMPAIRED GLUCOSE TOLERANCE The Whitehall Study

Fuller, J., Shipley, M., Rose, G., Jarrett, R. J., & Keen, H. (1980) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(80)92651-3 · Cited by 782

Close linkage of glucokinase locus on chromosome 7p to early-onset non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus

Froguel, P., Vaxillaire, M., Sun, F., Velho, G., Zouali, H., Butel, M. O., Lesage, S., Vionnet, N., Clément, K., Fougerousse, F., et al. (1992) · Nature · doi:10.1038/356162a0 · Cited by 631

Receptor and postreceptor defects contribute to the insulin resistance in noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

Kolterman, O., Gray, R. S., Griffin, J., BURSTEIN, P. J., Insel, J. R., Scarlett, J. A., & Olefsky, J. M. (1981) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci110350 · Cited by 628

Neurodegeneration and diabetes: UK nationwide study of Wolfram (DIDMOAD) syndrome

Barrett, T. G., Bundey, S., & Macleod, A. F. (1995) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(95)92473-6 · Cited by 624

Standards of Medical Care for Patients With Diabetes Mellitus

American Diabetes Association (2003) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.26.2007.s33 · Cited by 614

Nonsense mutation in the glucokinase gene causes early-onset non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus

Vionnet, N., Stoffel, M., Takeda, J., Yasuda, K., Bell, G. I., Zouali, H., Lesage, S., Velho, G., Iris, F., Passa, P., et al. (1992) · Nature · doi:10.1038/356721a0 · Cited by 605

Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus — A Genetically Programmed Failure of the Beta Cell to Compensate for Insulin Resistance

Polonsky, K. S., Sturis, J., & Bell, G. I. (1996) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199603213341207 · Cited by 595

NIDDM and Its Metabolic Control Predict Coronary Heart Disease in Elderly Subjects

Kuusisto, J., Mykkänen, L. M., Pyörälà, K., & Laakso, M. (1994) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.43.8.960 · Cited by 588

A subtype of diabetes mellitus associated with a mutation of mitochondrial DNA.

Kadowaki, T., Kadowaki, H., Mori, Y., Tobe, K., Sakuta, R., Suzuki, Y., Tanabe, Y., Sakura, H., Awata, T., Goto, Y.-I., et al. (1994) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199404073301403 · Cited by 551

Evidence for Distinctive and Intrinsic Defects in Insulin Action in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Dunaif, A. E., Segal, K. R., Shelley, D., Green, G., Dobrjansky, A., & Licholai, T. (1992) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.41.10.1257 · Cited by 544

Autoantibodies in newly diagnosed diabetic children immunoprecipitate human pancreatic islet cell proteins

Bækkeskov, S., Nielsen, J. H., Marner, B., Bilde, T., Ludvigsson, J., & Lernmark, Å. (1982) · Nature · doi:10.1038/298167a0 · Cited by 530

Relationships Between Fasting Plasma Glucose Levels and Insulin Secretion During Intravenous Glucose Tolerance Tests

Brunzell, J. D., Robertson, R. P., Lerner, R. L., Hazzard, W. R., Ensinck, J. W., Bierman, E. L., & Porte, D. (1976) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem-42-2-222 · Cited by 511

Concordance for Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus in male twins

Newman, B. M., Selby, J. V., King, M., Slemenda, C. W., Fabsitz, R. R., & FRIEDMAN, G. D. (1987) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/bf00275741 · Cited by 502

Autoimmunity to two forms of glutamate decarboxylase in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus

Kaufman, D. L., Erlander, M. G., Clare-Salzler, M., Atkinson, M. A., Maclaren, N. K., & Tobin, A. J. (1992) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci115573 · Cited by 490

Comparison of tests for glycated haemoglobin and fasting and two hour plasma glucose concentrations as diagnostic methods for diabetes

McCane, D. R., Hanson, R. L., Charles, M. A., Jacobsson, L. T. H., Pettitt, D. D., Bennett, P. H., & Knowler, W. C. (1994) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.308.6940.1323 · Cited by 484

Summary and recommendations of the Third International Workshop-Conference on Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Metzger, B. E. (1991) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.40.2.s197 · Cited by 481

Undiagnosed NIDDM: Clinical and Public Health Issues

Harris, M. I. (1993) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.16.4.642 · Cited by 460

Mitochondrial DNA and Disease

Johns, D. R. (1995) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199509073331007 · Cited by 442

Latent Autoimmune Diabetes Mellitus in Adults (LADA): the Role of Antibodies to Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase in Diagnosis and Prediction of Insulin Dependency

Zimmet, P., Tuomi, T., Mackay, I. R., Rowley, M. J., Knowles, W., Cohen, M., & Lang, D. A. (1994) · Diabetic Medicine · doi:10.1111/j.1464-5491.1994.tb00275.x · Cited by 413

Diabetes mellitus associated with a pathogenic point mutation in mitochondrial DNA

Reardon, W., Pembrey, M. E., Trembath, R. C., Ross, R. J. M., Sweeney, M. G., Harding, A. E., & LUXON, L. M. (1992) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/0140-6736(92)92560-3 · Cited by 403

Intensified versus conventional management of gestational diabetes

Langer, O., Rodriguez, D. A., Xenakis, E. M.-J., McFarland, M. B., Berkus, M. D., & Arredondo, F. (1994) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/s0002-9378(94)70097-4 · Cited by 391

Insulin deficiency and insulin resistance interaction in diabetes: Estimation of their relative contribution by feedback analysis from basal plasma insulin and glucose concentrations

Turner, R. C., Holman, R. R., Matthews, D., Hockaday, T. D. R., & Peto, J. (1979) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/0026-0495(79)90146-x · Cited by 388

Combined Analysis of Autoantibodies Improves Prediction of IDDM in Islet Cell Antibody-Positive Relatives

Bingley, P. J., Christie, M. R., Bonifacio, E. E., Bonfanti, R., Shattock, M., Fonte, M.-T., Bottazzo, G.-F., & Gale, E. A. (1994) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.43.11.1304 · Cited by 377

Cesarean Delivery in Relation to Birth Weight and Gestational Glucose Tolerance

Naylor, C. D. (1996) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.1996.03530390031030 · Cited by 356

Nonketotic diabetes mellitus: Insulin deficiency or insulin resistance?

Reaven, G. M., Bernstein, R., Davis, B. M., & Olefsky, J. M. (1976) · The American Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1016/0002-9343(76)90536-2 · Cited by 356

Ten-year cardiovascular mortality in relation to risk factors and abnormalities in lipoprotein composition in Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetic and non-diabetic subjects

Uusitupa, M. I. J., NISKANEN, L. K., Siitonen, O., Voutilainen, E., & Py�r�l�, K. (1993) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/bf00401063 · Cited by 353

Relationship between degree of obesity and in vivo insulin action in man

BOGARDUS, C., Lillioja, S., Mott, D. M., Hollenbeck, C. B., & Reaven, G. M. (1985) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.1985.248.3.e286 · Cited by 347

Intra-individual variation of glucose, specific insulin and proinsulin concentrations measured by two oral glucose tolerance tests in a general Caucasian population: the Hoorn Study

Mooy, J. M., Grootenhuis, P. A., de Vries, H., Kostense, P. J., Popp-Snijders, C., Bouter, L. M., & Heine, R. J. (1996) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/bf00418345 · Cited by 344

Lilly Lecture: Molecular Mechanisms of Insulin Resistance: Lessons From Patients With Mutations in the Insulin-Receptor Gene

Taylor, S. I. (1992) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.41.11.1473 · Cited by 340

Cellular mechanisms of insulin resistance in polycystic ovarian syndrome

Ciaraldi, T. P. (1992) · Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.75.2.577 · Cited by 336

Kelly West Lecture 1991 Challenges in Diabetes Epidemiology—From West to the Rest

Zimmet, P. (1992) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.15.2.232 · Cited by 333

Diabetes Mellitus After GDM

O’Sullivan, J. B. (1991) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.40.2.s131 · Cited by 330

Hypertension, the Potassium Ion and Impaired Carbohydrate Tolerance

Conn, J. W. (1965) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm196511182732106 · Cited by 329

Comparison of fasting and 2-hour glucose and HbA1c levels for diagnosing diabetes. Diagnostic criteria and performance revisited

Engelgau, M. M., Thompson, T. J., Herman, W. H., Boyle, J. P., Aubert, R. E., Kenny, S. J., Badran, A., Sous, E. S., & Ali, M. A. (1997) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.20.5.785 · Cited by 325

Effects of weight loss on mechanisms of hyperglycemia in obese non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus

Henry, R. R., Wallace, P., & Olefsky, J. M. (1986) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.35.9.990 · Cited by 325

ASSOCIATION OF CYTOMEGALOVIRUS INFECTION WITH AUTOIMMUNE TYPE 1 DIABETES

Pak, C. Y., Mcarthur, R., Eun, H., & Yoon, J. (1988) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(88)92941-8 · Cited by 321

Caloric Restriction Per Se Is a Significant Factor in Improvements in Glycemic Control and Insulin Sensitivity During Weight Loss in Obese NIDDM Patients

Wing, R. R., Blair, E. H., Bononi, P. L., Marcus, M. D., Watanabe, R. M., & Bergman, R. N. (1994) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.17.1.30 · Cited by 301

Peripheral arterial disease in relation to glycaemic level in an elderly Caucasian population: the Hoorn Study

Beks, P. J., Mackaay, A. J. C., de Neeling, J. N. D., de Vries, H., Bouter, L. M., & Heine, R. J. (1995) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/bf02369357 · Cited by 296

A clinical approach for the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus: an analysis using glycosylated hemoglobin levels. Meta-analysis Research Group on the Diagnosis of Diabetes Using Glycated Hemoglobin Levels

Peters, A. L. (1996) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.276.15.1246 · Cited by 291

Gene for non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (maturity-onset diabetes of the young subtype) is linked to DNA polymorphism on human chromosome 20q.

Bell, G. I., Xiang, K., Newman, M. V., Wu, S. H., Wright, L. G., Fajans, S. S., Spielman, R. S., & Cox, N. J. (1991) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.88.4.1484 · Cited by 277

Insulin action and resistance in obesity and noninsulin-dependent type II diabetes mellitus

Olefsky, J. M., Kolterman, O., & Scarlett, J. A. (1982) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.1982.243.1.e15 · Cited by 276

Prepregnancy Weight and Antepartum Insulin Secretion Predict Glucose Tolerance Five Years After Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Metzger, B. E., Cho, N. H., Roston, S., & RADVANY, R. M. (1993) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.16.12.1598 · Cited by 267

GAD antibody negative NIDDM in adult Black subjects with diabetic ketoacidosis and increased frequency of human leukocyte antigen DR3 and DR4. Flatbush diabetes

Banerji, M. A., Chaiken, R. L., Huey, H., Tuomi, T., Norin, A. J., Mackay, I. R., Rowley, M. J., Zimmet, P. Z., & Lebovitz, H. E. (1994) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.43.6.741 · Cited by 266

Altered Insulin Secretory Responses to Glucose in Diabetic and Nondiabetic Subjects With Mutations in the Diabetes Susceptibility Gene MODY3 on Chromosome 12

Byrne, M. M., Sturis, J., Menzel, S., Yamagata, K., Fajans, S. S., Dronsfield, M. J., Bain, S. C., Hattersley, A. T., Velho, G., Froguel, P., et al. (1996) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.45.11.1503 · Cited by 259

COXSACKIE-B-VIRUS-SPECIFIC IgM RESPONSES IN CHILDREN WITH INSULIN-DEPENDENT (JUVENILE-ONSET; TYPE I) DIABETES MELLITUS

King, M., Bidwell, D. E., Shaikh, A., Voller, A., & Banatvala, J. E. (1983) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(83)92353-x · Cited by 254

IA-2, a transmembrane protein of the protein tyrosine phosphatase family, is a major autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

Lan, M. S., Wasserfall, C. H., Maclaren, N. K., & Notkins, A. L. (1996) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.93.13.6367 · Cited by 252

Diabetic Ketoacidosis in Obese African-Americans

Umpierrez, G., Casals, M. M., Gebhart, S., Mixon, P. S., Clark, W., & Phillips, L. (1995) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.44.7.790 · Cited by 252

Glutamate decarboxylase-, insulin-, and islet cell-antibodies and HLA typing to detect diabetes in a general population-based study of Swedish children.

Hagopian, W., SANJEEVI, C. B., Kockum, I. S., Landin‐Olsson, M., Karlsen, A. E., Sundkvist, G., Dahlquist, G. G., Palmer, J. P., & Lernmark, Å. (1995) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci117822 · Cited by 251

HIGH FREQUENCY OF DIABETES MELLITUS IN YOUNG ADULTS WITH CONGENITAL RUBELLA

Forrest, J., Menser, M. A., & Burgess, J. A. (1971) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(71)90057-2 · Cited by 241

Risk Factors for NIDDM in White Population: Paris Prospective Study

Charles, M.-A. A., Fontbonne, A., Thibult, N., Warnet, J., Rosselin, G., & Eschwège, É. (1991) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.40.7.796 · Cited by 241

The Epidemiology of Diabetes and Pregnancy in the U.S., 1988

Engelgau, M. M., Herman, W. H., Smith, P. J., German, R. R., & Aubert, R. E. (1995) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.18.7.1029 · Cited by 235

Drug-Induced Disorders of Glucose Tolerance

Pandit, M. K., Burke, J., Gustafson, A. B., Minocha, A., & Peiris, A. N. (1993) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-118-7-199304010-00008 · Cited by 232

Long-Term Glycemic Control Relates to Mortality in Type II Diabetes

Andersson, D. K. G., & Svärdsudd, K. (1995) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.18.12.1534 · Cited by 223

Insulin Treatment Reverses the Insulin Resistance of Type II Diabetes Mellitus

Scarlett, J. A., Gray, R. S., Griffin, J., Olefsky, J. M., & Kolterman, O. (1982) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.5.4.353 · Cited by 216

The Association of Glycemia and Cause-Specific Mortality in a Diabetic Population

Moss, S. E. (1994) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.1994.00420210113013 · Cited by 215

HYPERGLYCÆMIA AND DIABETES MELLITUS

Jarrett, R. J., & KEEN, H. (1976) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(76)90844-8 · Cited by 212

Toward universal criteria for gestational diabetes: the 75-gram glucose tolerance test in pregnancy

Sacks, D. A., Greenspoon, J. S., Abu-Fadil, S., Henry, H. M., Wolde-Tsadik, G., & Yao, J. F. F. (1995) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/0002-9378(95)90580-4 · Cited by 210

Identification of a second transmembrane protein tyrosine phosphatase, IA-2beta, as an autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: precursor of the 37-kDa tryptic fragment.

Lu, J., Li, Q., Xie, H., Chen, Z., Borovitskaya, A., Maclaren, N. K., Notkins, A. L., & Lan, M. S. (1996) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.93.6.2307 · Cited by 209

NIDDM and its metabolic control predict coronary heart disease in elderly subjects

Kuusisto, J., Mykkänen, L., Pyörälà, K., et al. (1994) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.43.8.960 · Cited by 206

A gene for maturity onset diabetes of the young (MODY) maps to chromosome 12q

Vaxillaire, M., Boccio, V., Philippi, A., Vigouroux, C., Terwilliger, J., Passa, P., Beckmann, J. S., Velho, G., Lathrop, M. G., & Froguel, P. (1995) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/ng0495-418 · Cited by 191

Development of type 1 diabetes mellitus during interferon alfa therapy for chronic HCV hepatitis

Fabris, P., Floreani, A., Lazzari, F. D., Betterle, C., Greggio, N. A., Naccarato, R., & Chiaramonte, M. (1992) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/0140-6736(92)91744-s · Cited by 182

Cushing's syndrome

Soffer, L. J., IANNACCONE, A., & Gabrilove, J. L. (1961) · The American Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1016/0002-9343(61)90069-9 · Cited by 181

A structurally abnormal insulin causing human diabetes

Tager, H. S., Given, B. D., Baldwin, D., Mako, M. E., Markese, J., Rubenstein, A. H., Olefsky, J. M., Kobayashi, M., Kolterman, O., & Poucher, R. (1979) · Nature · doi:10.1038/281122a0 · Cited by 179

Impaired Glucose Tolerance in the U. S. Population

Harris, M. I. (1989) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.12.7.464 · Cited by 179

Gestational diabetes mellitus: The prevalence of glucose intolerance and diabetes mellitus in the first two months post partum

Kjos, S. L., Buchanan, T. A., Greenspoon, J. S., Montoro, M., Bernstein, G. S., & Mestman, J. H. (1990) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/s0002-9378(11)90676-0 · Cited by 171

Diabetes Mellitus Following Pentamidine-induced Hypoglycemia in Humans

Bouchard, P., Saï, P., Reach, G., Caubarrère, I., Ganeval, D., & Assan, R. (1982) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.31.1.40 · Cited by 167

Mechanism of improvement in glucose metabolism after chronic glyburide therapy

Simonson, D. C., Ferrannini, E., Bevilacqua, S., Smith, D., Barrett, E. J., Carlson, R., & DeFronzo, R. A. (1984) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.33.9.838 · Cited by 166

Are Insulin Autoantibodies Markers for Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus?

Atkinson, M. A., Maclaren, N. K., Riley, W. J., Winter, W. E., Fisk, D., & Spillar, R. P. (1986) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.35.8.894 · Cited by 154

Gestational diabetes: predictors of subsequent disordered glucose metabolism.

Coustan, D. R., Carpenter, M. W., O'Sullivan, P. S., & Carr, S. R. (1993) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/0002-9378(93)90358-p · Cited by 153

Radiosurgery of acoustic neurinomas

Flíckinger, J. C., Lunsford, L. D., Coffey, R. J., Linskey, M. E., Bissonette, D. J., Maitz, A. H., & Kondziolka, D. S. (1991) · Cancer · doi:10.1002/1097-0142(19910115)67:2 · Cited by 149

Glucose Intolerance in Cystic Fibrosis

Handwerger, S., Roth, J., Görden, P., di Sant’Agnese, P., Carpenter, D. F., & Peter, G. (1969) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm196908282810901 · Cited by 144

Evidence for distinctive and intrinsic defects in insulin action in polycystic ovary syndrome

Dunaif, A. E., Segal, K. R., Shelley, D. R., et al. (1992) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.41.10.1257 · Cited by 141

Insulin-Sensitive and Insulin-Resistant Variants in NIDDM

Banerji, M. A., & Lebovitz, H. E. (1989) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.38.6.784 · Cited by 134

Prevalence of Complications Among Second-Generation Japanese-American Men With Diabetes, Impaired Glucose Tolerance, or Normal Glucose Tolerance

Fujimoto, W. Y., Leonetti, D. L., Kinyoun, J. L., Shuman, W. P., Stolov, W. C., & WAHL, P. W. (1987) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.36.6.730 · Cited by 130

Effects of Tolazamide and Exogenous Insulin on Insulin Action in Patients with Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus

Firth, R. G., Bell, P. M., & Rizza, R. A. (1986) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm198605153142003 · Cited by 122

Combined analysis of autoantibodies improves prediction of IDDM in islet cell antibody-positive relatives

Bingley, P. J., Christie, M. R., Bonifacio, E. E., et al. (1994) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.43.11.1304 · Cited by 118

Although DR3-DQB1*0201 may be associated with multiple component diseases of the autoimmune polyglandular syndromes, the human leukocyte antigen DR4-DQB1*0302 haplotype is implicated only in beta-cell autoimmunity

Huang, W., Connor, E., Rosa, T. D., MUIR, A. B., Schatz, D., Silverstein, J. H., Crockett, S., She, J., & Maclaren, N. K. (1996) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.81.7.8675578 · Cited by 116

A prospective study of glucose tolerance, insulin, C-peptide, and glucagon responses in patients with pancreatic carcinoma

Schwartz, S. S., Zeidler, A., Moossa, A. R., Kuku, S. F., & Rubenstein, A. H. (1978) · Digestive Diseases and Sciences · doi:10.1007/bf01072886 · Cited by 113

Lilly Lecture: molecular mechanisms of insulin resistance. Lessons from patients with mutations in the insulin-receptor gene

Taylor, S. I. (1992) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.41.11.1473 · Cited by 108

Abnormal Insulin Secretion, Not Insulin Resistance, Is the Genetic or Primary Defect of MODY in the RW Pedigree

Herman, W. H., Fajans, S. S., Ortiz, F. J., Smith, M. J., Sturis, J., Bell, G. I., Polonsky, K. S., & Halter, J. B. (1994) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.43.1.40 · Cited by 102

Influence of diagnostic criteria on the incidence of gestational diabetes and perinatal morbidity

Magee, M. S. (1993) · JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association · doi:10.1001/jama.1993.03500050087031 · Cited by 99

Pancreatic Islet Cell Cytoplasmic Antibody in Diabetes is Represented by Antibodies to Islet Cell Antigen 512 and Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase

Myers, M. A., Rabin, D. U., & Rowley, M. J. (1995) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.44.11.1290 · Cited by 98

Diabetes Due to Secretion of an Abnormal Insulin

Given, B. D., Mako, M. E., Tager, H. S., Baldwin, D., Markese, J., Rubenstein, A. H., Olefsky, J. M., Kobayashi, M., Kolterman, O., & Poucher, R. (1980) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm198001173020301 · Cited by 97

Antibodies to GAD and Tryptic Fragments of Islet 64K Antigen as Distinct Markers for Development of IDDM: Studies With Identical Twins

Christie, M. R., Tun, R. Y. M., Lo, S. S. S., Cassidy, D., Brown, T. J., Hollands, J., Shattock, M., Bottazzo, G. F., & Leslie, R. D. G. (1992) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.41.7.782 · Cited by 96

Comparison of National Diabetes Data Group and World Health Organization criteria for detecting gestational diabetes mellitus

Deerochanawong, C., Putiyanun, C., Wongsuryrat, M., Serirat, S., & Jinayon, P. (1996) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/bf00400656 · Cited by 93

PREVALENCE OF GENETIC HAEMOCHROMATOSIS AMONG DIABETIC PATIENTS

PHELPS, G. (1989) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(89)90426-1 · Cited by 93

Diagnosing diabetes mellitus - do we need new criteria?

McCance, D. R., Hanson, R. L., Pettitt, D. J., Bennett, P. H., Hadden, D. R., & Knowler, W. C. (1997) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s001250050671 · Cited by 92

Familial Hyperproinsulinemia Due to a Proposed Defect in Conversion of Proinsulin to Insulin

Gruppuso, P. A., Görden, P., Kahn, C. R., Cornblath, M., Zeller, W. P., & Schwartz, R. (1984) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm198409063111003 · Cited by 91

A comparison of the relationships of the glucose tolerance test and the glycated haemoglobin assay with diabetic vascular disease in the community. The Islington Diabetes Survey

Jackson, C., Yudkin, J. S., & Forrest, R. D. (1992) · Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice · doi:10.1016/0168-8227(92)90156-l · Cited by 90

Relationship of Glycosylated Hemoglobin to Oral Glucose Tolerance: Implications for Diabetes Screening

Little, R. R., England, J. D., Wiedmeyer, H.-M., McKenzie, E. M., Pettitt, D. J., Knowler, W. C., & Goldstein, D. E. (1988) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.37.1.60 · Cited by 90

Pentamidine-Induced Derangements of Glucose Homeostasis: Determinant Roles of Renal Failure and Drug Accumulation: A Study of 128 Patients

Assan, R., Perronne, C., Assan, D., Chotard, L., Mayaud, C., Matheron, S., & Zucman, D. (1995) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.18.1.47 · Cited by 88

Do the current standards for glucose tolerance testing in pregnancy represent a valid conversion of O'Sullivan's original criteria?

Sacks, D. A., Abu-Fadil, S., Greenspoon, J. S., & Fotheringham, N. (1989) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/0002-9378(89)90369-4 · Cited by 82

Altered insulin secretory responses to glucose in diabetic and nondiabetic subjects with mutations in the diabetes susceptibility gene MODY3 on chromosome 12

Byrne, M. M., Sturis, J., Menzel, S., et al. (1996) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.45.11.1503 · Cited by 78

Diabetic ketoacidosis in obese African-Americans

Umpierrez, G. E., Casals, M. M. C., Gebhart, S. S. P., et al. (1995) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.44.7.790 · Cited by 77

DOES HYPERGLYCÆMIA OR HYPERINSULINÆMIA CHARACTERISE THE PATIENT WITH CHEMICAL DIABETES ?

Reaven, G., Olefsky, J. M., & Farquhar, J. (1972) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(72)90977-4 · Cited by 76

Risk factors for NIDDM in white population. Paris prospective study

Charles, M.-A. A., Fontbonne, A., Thibult, N., et al. (1991) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.40.7.796 · Cited by 74

The Boston Gestational Diabetes Studies: Review and Perspectives

O’Sullivan, J. B. (1989) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4471-1680-6_26 · Cited by 72

Effects of weight loss on mechanisms of hyperglycemia in obese non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus

Henry, R. R., Wallace, P., & Olefsky, J. M. (1986) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.35.9.990 · Cited by 71

Comparison of World Health Organization and National Diabetes Data Group Procedures to Detect Abnormalities of Glucose Tolerance During Pregnancy

Pettitt, D. J., Bennett, P. H., Hanson, R. L., Narayan, K. M. V., & Knowler, W. C. (1994) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.17.11.1264 · Cited by 70

Determining Diabetes Prevalence: a Rational Basis for the Use of Fasting Plasma Glucose Concentrations?

Finch, C. F., Zimmet, P., & Alberti, K. G. M. M. (1990) · Diabetic Medicine · doi:10.1111/j.1464-5491.1990.tb01457.x · Cited by 67

Revision of diagnostic criteria for diabetes

Charles, M.-A. A., Balkau, B., Vauzelle-Kervroedan, F., Thibult, N., & Eschwège, É. (1996) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(05)65719-4 · Cited by 67

Assessment of insulin sensitivity in glucokinase-deficient subjects

Clément, K., Pueyo, M. E., Vaxillaire, M., Rakotoambinina, B., Thuillier, F., Passa, P., Froguel, P., Robert, J., & Velho, G. (1996) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/bf00400417 · Cited by 66

Metabolic control and B cell function in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus secondary to chronic pancreatitis

Larsen, S., Hilsted, J., Tronier, B., & WORNING, H. (1987) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/0026-0495(87)90133-8 · Cited by 63

Efficacy of Screening for Gestational Diabetes

Marquette, G. P., Klein, V. R., & Niebyl, J. R. (1985) · American Journal of Perinatology · doi:10.1055/s-2007-999901 · Cited by 63

Visual Impairment and Retinopathy in People With Normal Glucose Tolerance, Impaired Glucose Tolerance, and Newly Diagnosed NIDDM

Klein, R., Barrett-Connor, E. L., Blunt, B. A., & Wingard, D. L. (1991) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.14.10.914 · Cited by 62

Studies on mutant human insulin genes: identification and sequence analysis of a gene encoding [SerB24]insulin.

Haneda, M., Chan, S. J., Kwok, S. C. M., Rubenstein, A. H., & Steiner, D. F. (1983) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.80.20.6366 · Cited by 62

Why Use the Oral Glucose Tolerance Test?

Stolk, R. P., Orchard, T. J., & Grobbee, D. E. (1995) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.18.7.1045 · Cited by 61

The association of glycemia and cause-specific mortality in a diabetic population

Moss, S. E. (1994) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.154.21.2473 · Cited by 61

Familial hyperproinsulinemia. Two cohorts secreting indistinguishable type II intermediates of proinsulin conversion.

Robbins, D. C., Shoelson, S. E., Rubenstein, A. H., & Tager, H. S. (1984) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci111264 · Cited by 60

Insulin-sensitive and insulin-resistant variants in NIDDM

Banerji, M. A., & Lebovitz, H. E. (1989) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.38.6.784 · Cited by 59

Screening for NIDDM: Opportunities for detection, treatment, and prevention

Knowler, W. C. (1994) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.17.5.445 · Cited by 58

Diabetes mellitus following pentamidine-induced hypoglycemia in humans

Bouchard, P., Sai, P., Reach, G., et al. (1982) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.31.1.40 · Cited by 57

Long‐term Results in 64 Patients Operated Upon for Pheochromocytoma

Stenström, G., Ernest, I., & Tisell, L. (1988) · Acta Medica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1988.tb15883.x · Cited by 54

Malnutrition and Diabetes in the Tropics

Rao, R. H., & Yajnik, C. S. (1996) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.19.9.1014 · Cited by 54

Inhibition of Mitochondrial Complex I May Account for IDDM Induced by Intoxication With the Rodenticide Vacor

Esposti, M. D., Ngo, A., & Myers, M. A. (1996) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.45.11.1531 · Cited by 51

Relationship between serum insulin autoantibodies, islet cell antibodies and Coxsackie-B4 and mumps virus-specific antibodies at the clinical manifestation of Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes

Karjalainen, J., Knip, M., Hy�ty, H., Leinikki, P., Ilonen, J., K��r, M. L., & �kerblom, H. K. (1988) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/bf00276847 · Cited by 44

Onset of diabetes with high titer anti-GAD antibody after IFN therapy for chronic hepatitis

Shiba, T., Morino, Y., Tagawa, K., Fujino, H., & Unuma, T. (1995) · Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice · doi:10.1016/0168-8227(95)01188-9 · Cited by 41

Pancreatic islet cell cytoplasmic antibody in diabetes is represented by antibodies to islet cell antigen 512 and glutamic acid decarboxylase

Myers, M. A., Rabin, D. U., & Rowley, M. J. (1995) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.44.11.1290 · Cited by 40

The ketosis-resistance in fibro-calculous-pancreatic-diabetes. 1. Clinical observations and endocrine-metabolic measurements during oral glucose tolerance test

Yajnik, C. S., Shelgikar, K. M., Naik, S. S., Kanitkar, S. V., Ørskov, H., Alberti, K. G. M. M., & Hockaday, T. D. R. (1992) · Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice · doi:10.1016/0168-8227(92)90019-n · Cited by 39

Abnormal insulin secretion, not insulin resistance, is the genetic or primary defect of MODY in the RW pedigree

Herman, W. H., Fajans, S. S., Ortiz, F. J., et al. (1994) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.43.1.40 · Cited by 38

Insulin Therapy for Diabetic Ketoacidosis: Bolus insulin injection versus continuous insulin infusion

Butkiewicz, E. K., Leibson, C. L., O’Brien, P. C., Palumbo, P. J., & Rizza, R. A. (1995) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.18.8.1187 · Cited by 35

GAD65 autoantibodies increase the predictability but not the sensitivity of islet cell and insulin autoantibodies for developing insulin dependent diabetes mellitus

Schoot, M., Schatz, D., Atkinson, M., Krischer, J., Mehta, H., Vold, B., & Maclaren, N. (1994) · Journal of Autoimmunity · doi:10.1006/jaut.1994.1070 · Cited by 34

Antibodies to GAD and tryptic fragments of islet 64K antigen as distinct markers for development of IDDM. Studies with identical twins

Christie, M. R., Tun, R. Y. M., Lo, S. S., et al. (1992) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.41.7.782 · Cited by 33

Age and family relationship accentuate the risk of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in relatives of patients with IDDM

Cantor, A. B., Krischer, J. P., Cuthbertson, D. D., Schatz, D., Riley, W. J., Malone, J. I., Schwartz, S. L., Quattrin, T., & Maclaren, N. K. (1995) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.80.12.8530627 · Cited by 32

Relationship of glycosylated hemoglobin to oral glucose tolerance. Implications for diabetes screening

Little, R. R., England, J. D., Wiedmeyer, H.-M., et al. (1988) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.37.1.60 · Cited by 30

Diabetes Mellitus Associated with Autonomic and Peripheral Neuropathy after Vacor Rodenticide Poisoning: A Review

Gallanosa, A. G., Spyker, D. A., & Curnow, R. T. (1981) · Clinical Toxicology · doi:10.3109/15563658108990268 · Cited by 29

Gestational diabetes screening in a private, Midwestern American population

Dietrich, M. L., Dolnicek, T. F., & Rayburn, W. F. (1987) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/0002-9378(87)90007-x · Cited by 24

Genetic Syndromes Associated with Glucose Intolerance

Rimoin, D. L. (1976) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-66332-1_7 · Cited by 22

The Prednisolone Glucose Tolerance Test in Pregnancy

Kyle, G. C., Yalçin, S., Drewyer, R., & Carruthers, B. M. (1964) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.13.6.572 · Cited by 19

Value of ICA512 antibodies for prediction and diagnosis of type 1 diabetes

Mayrhofer, M., Rabin, D. U., Messenger, L., Standl, E., & Ziegler, A. (2009) · Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes · doi:10.1055/s-0029-1211447 · Cited by 17

Inhibition of mitochondrial complex I may account for IDDM induced by intoxication with the rodenticide Vacor

Esposti, M. D., Ngo, A., & Myers, M. A. (1996) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.45.11.1531 · Cited by 17

Effects of Drugs on Glucose Tolerance in Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetics (Part II)1

O’Byrne, S., & Feely, J. (1990) · Drugs · doi:10.2165/00003495-199040020-00003 · Cited by 17

Do Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Antibodies Improve the Prediction of IDDM in First-degree Relatives At Risk for IDDM?

Schmidli, R. S., Colman, P. G., & Harrison, L. C. (1994) · Journal of Autoimmunity · doi:10.1006/jaut.1994.1071 · Cited by 15

2. Classification and Diagnosis of Diabetes: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2022

American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee (2022) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc22-s002 · Cited by 4,792

Lifestyle, diabetes, and cardiovascular risk factors 10 years after bariatric surgery

Sjöström, L., Lindroos, A.-K., Peltonen, M., Torgerson, J., Bouchard, C., Carlsson, B., Dahlgren, S., Larsson, B., Narbro, K., Sjöström, C. D., et al. (2004) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa035622 · Cited by 4,457

2. Classification and Diagnosis of Diabetes: Standards of Care in Diabetes—2023

ElSayed, N. A., Aleppo, G., Aroda, V. R., Bannuru, R. R., Brown, F. M., Bruemmer, D., Collins, B. S., Gaglia, J. L., Hilliard, M. E., Isaacs, D. M., et al. (2022) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc23-s002 · Cited by 2,841

Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2009

American Diabetes Association (2009) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc09-s013 · Cited by 2,167

Gestational diabetes mellitus

Buchanan, T. A., & Xiang, A. H. (2005) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci200524531 · Cited by 2,123

Response to the Expert Committee on the Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus

Sims, E. A., & Catalano, P. M. (1998) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.21.3.467 · Cited by 1

Report of the Expert Cmmittee on the Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus from American Diabetes Association

Kim, J. W. (1997) · Journal of the Korean Medical Association · doi:10.5124/jkma.1997.40.9.1249

Diabetes Mellitus: Report of a WHO Expert Committee

(1967) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.16.5.354a · Cited by 62

COMMITTEE REPORTS & CONSENSUS STATEMENTS

(2006) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.29.s1.06.s73

WHO Expert Committee on Diabetes Mellitus: second report.

(1980) · PubMed · Cited by 589