Transfer of colostral antibodies from queens to their kittens
Open accessAbstract
Objective: To examine systemic immunity in kittens, including transfer of maternal immunoglobulins from the queen to kittens, and subsequent decay of passively obtained immunoglobulins. Animals: 6 healthy queens and their 46 kittens. Procedure: Immunoglobulin concentrations were measured in serum, colostrum, and milk of queens and in their kittens' sera. Decay rate constants and half-lives of maternally derived immunoglobulins were determined. To determine intestinal absorption, foreign IgG was given to kittens at 6- to 8-hour intervals after birth, and bovine IgM was given to kittens at birth. Results: Immunoglobulin concentrations of milk and colostrum did not differ significantly after removal of milk fat. Mean IgG concentration was higher in colostrum/milk, whereas mean IgA and IgM concentrations were lower than those in the queens' serum. No IgG or IgA was detected in any of the precolostral serum samples obtained from kittens. Small amounts of IgM were present in the sera from 5 kittens at birth. Transferred IgG and IgA decreased rapidly with half-lives of 4.4 ± 3.57 and 1.93 ± 1.94 days, respectively. Serum IgM concentration increased irregularly during the first week of life, followed by a steady increase. Foreign IgG given up to 12 hours after birth was detected in kittens' serum, whereas IgG given at or after 16 hours was not found in any kitten's serum. Conclusions: Milk and colostral immunoglobulin concentrations did not differ significantly. The half-lives of maternally derived IgG and IgA in kittens were shorter than those reported in dogs. IgG given at or after 16 hours of life was not absorbed by neonatal kittens. Clinical Relevance: Queen's milk obtained anytime during lactation may be used as a replacement for colostrum as a source of antibodies for neonatal kittens. Kittens at risk for neonatal isoerythrolysis must only be removed from the queens during the first day of life. (Am J Vet Res 1996;57:1653–1658)
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Colostrum is crucial for neonatal adaptation, not only as a source of immunity, but for the maturation of several organs; it is also an important energy source.
“Colostrum is crucial for neonatal adaptation, not only as a source of immunity, but for the maturation of several organs; it is also an important energy source.”
From Feline neonatology: From birth to commencement of weaning – what to know for successful management (2022) · cites this paper as [31]
The Additional information section says that kittens acquire passive immunity from colostral immunoglobulins. Our copy does not say that colostrum matures several organs or serves as an important energy source; searches for organ maturation and energy or nutrient provision found no such passage. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredHigh concentrations of maternal antibodies prevent the development of the neonatal endogenous immune response, with the maternal IgG half-life reported to be around 4.4 days in kittens.
“The high concentrations of maternal antibodies, in fact, prevent the development of the neonatal endogenous immune response, with the maternal igG halflife reported to be around 4.4 days in kittens.”
From Feline neonatology: From birth to commencement of weaning – what to know for successful management (2022) · cites this paper as [31]
The passage labeled Abstract (page unavailable) reports an approximately 4.4-day half-life for maternally derived serum IgG in kittens. It suggests that colostral IgM would interfere with development of IgM-based immunity, but does not establish that high concentrations of maternal antibodies prevent the neonatal endogenous immune response generally; it also reports that kittens can synthesize IgM around birth. (LLM, conf=0.88)
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Casal, M. L. (2012) · doi:10.1002/9781118997215.ch12 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Self-citationUniacke‐Lowe, T., & Fox, P. F. (2025) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-15956-5.00027-0 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Fetal, Neonatal, and Pediatric Immunology
Schäfer–Somi, S. (2025) · Veterinary Clinics of North America Small Animal Practice · doi:10.1016/j.cvsm.2025.04.002 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
(1998) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-012546401-7/50010-x · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Nutritional Adequacy and Performance of Raw Food Diets in Kittens
Hamper, B. A. (2012) · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Neonatal isoerythrolysis in cats
Snoeck, F., Rijsselaere, T., Soom, A. V., Voortplanting, V., & Diergeneeskunde, F. (2013)
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“Blood phenotyping and genotyping for allele determination in cats (whether heterozygous or homozygous) are critical to ensure blood compatibility (Casal et al. 1996, Zheng et al. 2011, Tasker et al. 2014, Karadjole et al. 2016).”
BackgroundNutritional approach of pregnant queens and neonate cats: A review
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Neonatal Resuscitation and Care
Johnson, A. K., & Johnson, J. A. (2022) · CABI eBooks · doi:10.1079/9781789247107.0010
Feliformes: The cats and their relatives
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Hereditary and Acquired Immunodeficiencies
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Le colostrum des carnivores domestiques
Segalini, V. (2007)
- Authors
- Casal, M. L., Jezyk, P. F., & Giger, U.
- Affiliations
- University of Pennsylvania (US)
- Venue
- American Journal of Veterinary Research
- Published
- 1996-11-01
- Volume
- 57
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 1653-1658
- ISSN
- 0002-9645 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W104719621
- Cited by
- 92
- References
- 10
- Citations by year
- 2025: 4 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 3 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 3.09
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- American Journal of Veterinary Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5k07hl002355-05)
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL-02355)
- National Center for Research Resources (RR02512, P40RR002512)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Veterinary › Small Animals › Animal health and immunology
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune responses and vaccinations
- Keywords
- passive transfer, colostrum, kittens, queens, maternal immunoglobulins, IgG, IgA, IgM, neonatal isoerythrolysis, systemic immunity
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Animals, Newborn, Cats, Colostrum, Female, Immunoglobulin A, Immunoglobulin G, Immunoglobulin M, Immunity, Maternally-Acquired
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