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An Investigation of Self-Assessment Bias in Mental Health Providers

Walfish, Steven, McAlister, Brian, O'Donnell, Paul, Lambert, Michael J.·2012·Psychological Reports

DOI 10.2466/02.07.17.pr0.110.2.639-644

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Abstract

Previous research has consistently found self-assessment bias (an overly positive assessment of personal performance) to be present in a wide variety of work situations. The present investigation extended this area of research with a multi-disciplinary sample of mental health professionals. Respondents were asked to: (a) compare their own overall clinical skills and performance to others in their profession, and (b) indicate the percentage of their clients who improved, remained the same, or deteriorated as a result of treatment with them. Results indicated that 25% of mental health professionals viewed their skill to be at the 90th percentile when compared to their peers, and none viewed themselves as below average. Further, when compared to the published literature, clinicians tended to overestimate their rates of client improvement and underestimate their rates of client deterioration. The implications of this self-assessment bias for improvement of psychotherapy outcomes are discussed.

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“Hansen, Lambert, and Forman (2002) reported 1Address correspondence to Dr. Michael J. Lambert, Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, 272 Taylor Building, Provo, UT 84602. that in routine clinical practice a minority of clients recover or improve using clinically significant change…”
Background
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Developmental trajectories of psychotherapist trainees’ experiences of clinical practice: global and specific aspects of change in a multinational longitudinal sample
Hartmann, A., Orlinsky, D. E., Willutzki, U., Rønnestad, M. H., Schroder, T. A., & Heinonen, E. O. (2026) · Psychotherapy Research · doi:10.1080/10503307.2026.2729091

Authors: Walfish, S., McAlister, B., O'Donnell, P., & Lambert, M. J.
Affiliations: Brigham Young University (US)
Kennesaw State University (US)
Kennesaw State University
ORCID: Lambert, Michael J.
Venue: Psychological Reports
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Published: 2012-04
Volume: 110
Issue: 2
Pages: 639-644
ISSN: 0033-2941 (ISSN-L)
1558-691X
DOI: 10.2466/02.07.17.pr0.110.2.639-644
OpenAlex: W2067920169
Cited by: 394
References: 15
Citations by year: 2026: 26 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 33 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 41 · 2021: 38 · 2020: 34 · 2019: 34 · 2018: 35 · 2017: 39 · 2016: 21 · 2015: 25 · 2014: 20 · 2013: 6
FWCI: 18.47
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license (tdm)
Locations: Psychological Reports (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
DigitalCommons - Kennesaw State University (Kennesaw State University) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychological Treatments and Assessments
Keywords: self-assessment bias, mental health professionals, overconfidence, clinical skills, peer comparison, client outcomes, treatment outcome expectations, psychotherapy outcome, self-perception
MeSH terms: Culture, Data Collection, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Private Practice, Professional Competence, Psychotherapy, Self-Assessment, United States, Bias, Treatment Outcome

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An Investigation of Self-Assessment Bias in Mental Health Providers

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