A review of the current digestate distribution models: storage and transport
Open accessAbstract
Over the past few years, the biogas sector has experienced an important growth in the number of biogas installations all over Europe, and consequently, the quantity of digestate also has had a significant increase.In Europe, biogas production by anaerobic digestion (AD) is a common source of renewable energy and the current amount of installations is around 13,000.Together with biogas, digestate is one of the two main by products resulting from the biogas process.The digested effluent is a liquid product rich in nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) and micronutrients.Therefore, there is a wide variety of digestate utilization depending on the quality, the origin of the feedstock, the operating conditions of the process as well as the phase of the by-product.The most common end uses are biofertilizer and soil amendment, due to its essential characteristics and when the quality is adequate for agriculture use.Before land application, environmental and agronomic reasons affect the storage of the digestate for a required period of time, in the biogas installations or near the area of application.Hence, the increasing production of digestate, the low solids content of whole digestate and the vulnerability of several land areas to the amount of nitrate and phosphate in Europe, convert the biofertilizer into a bottleneck for the biogas sector, due to the difficulty for its management.This paper contains an extensive review of the technical literature regarding digestate distribution.The objectives of this paper were to identify and analyse the current digestate distribution systems; storage and transport in Europe.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Digestate is a complex mixture of organic and inorganic compounds, including nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and other micronutrients.
“Naturally, digestate is a complex mixture of organic and inorganic compounds, including nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and other micronutrients [134].”
From Anaerobic digestion of agricultural waste for biogas production and sustainable bioenergy recovery: a review (2024) · cites this paper as [134]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Biogas production: current state and perspectives
Weiland, P. (2009) · Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology · doi:10.1007/s00253-009-2246-7 · Cited by 2,824 · see citing works
Effects of anaerobic digestion on digestate nutrient availability and crop growth: A review
Möller, K., & Müller, T. (2012) · Engineering in Life Sciences · doi:10.1002/elsc.201100085 · Cited by 1,339 · see citing works
Anaerobic digestion in global bio-energy production: Potential and research challenges
Appels, L., Lauwers, J., Degrève, J., Helsen, L., Lievens, B., Willems, K., van Impe, J. F. M., & Dewil, R. (2011) · Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.rser.2011.07.121 · Cited by 959 · see citing works
The biogas handbook: Science, production and applications
Wellinger, A., Jerry, M., & David, B. (2013) · Cited by 404 · see citing works
Life cycle assessment of biogas digestate processing technologies
Rehl, T., & Müller, J. (2011) · Resources Conservation and Recycling · doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2011.08.007 · Cited by 342 · see citing works
Tambone, F., Genevini, P. L., D’Imporzano, G., & Adani, F. (2009) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2009.02.012 · Cited by 339 · see citing works
Economic analysis of anaerobic digestion—A case of Green power biogas plant in The Netherlands
Gebrezgabher, S., Meuwissen, M. P. M., Prins, B. A. M., et al. (2009) · NJAS - Wageningen Journal of Life Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.njas.2009.07.006 · Cited by 291 · see citing works
Solid–liquid separation of livestock slurry: efficiency and cost
Møller, H. B. (2000) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/s0960-8524(00)00016-x · Cited by 252 · see citing works
Fuchs, W., & Drosg, B. (2013) · Water Science & Technology · doi:10.2166/wst.2013.075 · Cited by 188 · see citing works
Applicability of biogas digestate as solid fuel
Kratzeisen, M., Starcevic, N., Martinov, M., Maurer, C., & Müller, J. (2010) · Fuel · doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2010.02.008 · Cited by 173 · see citing works
Nutrient recovery by biogas digestate processing
Drosg, B., Fuchs, W., Seadi, T. A., Michael, M., & Linke, B. (2015) · Joint Research Centre (European Commission) · doi:10.13140/rg.2.1.3182.6403 · Cited by 172 · see citing works
Heavy metals in source-separated compost and digestates
Küpper, T., Bürge, D., Bachmann, H., et al. (2014) · Waste Management · doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2014.02.007 · Cited by 167 · see citing works
Recycling of anaerobic digestates by composting: effect of the bulking agent used
Bustamante, M. A., Restrepo, A. P., Alburquerque, J. A., et al. (2012) · Journal of Cleaner Production · doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2012.07.018 · Cited by 166 · see citing works
Bauer, A., Mayr, H., Hopfner-Sixt, K., & Amon, T. (2009) · Journal of Biotechnology · doi:10.1016/j.jbiotec.2009.01.016 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Govasmark, E., Stäb, J., Holen, B., Hoornstra, D., Nesbakk, T., & Salkinoja-Salonen, M. (2011) · Waste Management · doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2011.07.025 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Spielmeyer, A., Ahlborn, J., & Hamscher, G. (2014) · Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry · doi:10.1007/s00216-014-7649-3 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Brändli, R. C., Bucheli, T. D., Küpper, T., et al. (2005) · Journal of Environmental Quality · doi:10.2134/jeq2004.0333 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
A comparison of pipeline versus truck transport of bio-oil
Pootakham, T., & Kumar, A. (2009) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2009.07.077 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Pipeline vs. truck transport of beef cattle manure
Ghafoori, E., Flynn, P. C., & Feddes, J. (2006) · Biomass and Bioenergy · doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2006.07.007 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Guidelines for sustainable manure management in Asian livestock production systems
van der Meer, H. G., Sommer, S. G., Smith, K., et al. (2008) · University of Southern Denmark Research Portal (University of Southern Denmark) · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Optimizing the logistics of anaerobic digestion of manure
Ghafoori, E., & Flynn, P. C. (2007) · Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology · doi:10.1007/s12010-007-9084-9 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Nilsson, M.-L., Kylin, H., & Sundin, P. (2000) · Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica Section B - Soil & Plant Science · doi:10.1080/09064710050504991 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Covers for Manure Storage Units
Nicolai, R. E., Pohl, S., & Schmidt, D. (2004) · Open PRAIRIE (South Dakota State University) · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Luostarinen, S., Normak, A., & Edström, M. (2011) · Jukuri (Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke)) · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Optimizing the Logistics of Anaerobic Digestion of Manure
Ghafoori, E., & Flynn, P. C. (2007) · Humana Press eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-60327-181-3_51 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Studies concerning the utilisation of digestate in biogas plants.
Dumitru, M. (2014) · DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Alengebawy, A., Ran, Y., Osman, A. I., Jin, K., Samer, M., & Ai, P. (2024) · Environmental Chemistry Letters · doi:10.1007/s10311-024-01789-1 · Cited by 247 · see citing works
“Naturally, digestate is a complex mixture of organic and inorganic compounds, including nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and other micronutrients [134].”
Bio-based products from microalgae cultivated in digestates
Koutra, E., Economou, C. N., Tsafrakidou, P., & Kornaros, M. (2018) · Trends in biotechnology · doi:10.1016/j.tibtech.2018.02.015 · Cited by 168 · see citing works
- Authors
- Plana, P. V., & Noche, B.
- Affiliations
- University of Duisburg-Essen (DE)
- ORCID
- Noche, B.
- Venue
- WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment
- Publisher
- WIT Press
- Published
- 2016-06-07
- Volume
- 1
- Pages
- 345-357
- ISSN
- 1743-3541 (ISSN-L)
- 1746-448X
- OpenAlex
- W2475197026
- Cited by
- 76
- References
- 26
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 2
- FWCI
- 6.92
- Type
- conference paper
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- WIT transactions on ecology and the environment (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Building and Construction › Anaerobic Digestion and Biogas Production
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Waste Management and Disposal › Wastewater Treatment and Reuse
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Agriculture, Plant Science, Crop Management
- Keywords
- digestate, digestate storage, anaerobic digestion, biogas, biofertilizers, soil amendment, land application, nutrient management, digestate utilization
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
