The DOI matches its Crossref record; 5 of the 5 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
A Look Inside Online Educational Settings in High School: Promise and Pitfalls for Improving Educational Opportunities and Outcomes
Abstract
This research examines online course-taking in high schools, which is increasingly used by students falling behind in progress toward graduation. The study looks inside educational settings to observe how online courses are used and assess whether students gain academically through their use. Drawing on 7 million records of online instructional sessions linked to student records, we find mostly negative associations between online course-taking and math and reading scores, with some gains in credits earned and grade point averages by upperclassmen. Those least prepared academically and with weaker course-taking behaviors fared more poorly and were likely set back by online course-taking. Limited resources constrained the implementation of district-recommended practices and instructional supports, such as live teacher interactions and individualized content assistance.
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“…who are struggling in traditional classroom settings for online course-taking, the potential for differential access to quality learning experiences between online and traditional classroom environments could have profound implications for equality (Ahn & McEachin, 2017; Heppen et al., 2017).”
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Does Online Credit Recovery in High School Support or Stymie Later Labor Market Success?
Heinrich, C. J., & Cheng, H. (2022) · Journal of Policy Analysis and Management · doi:10.1002/pam.22376 · Cited by 7
Self-citationRickles, J., Clements, M., Brodziak de los Reyes, I., Lachowicz, M., Lin, S., & Heppen, J. (2024) · Journal of Research on Educational Effectiveness · doi:10.1080/19345747.2023.2198524 · Cited by 6
“Based on a study conducted in a large urban midwestern district, Heinrich et al. (2019) concluded that “ online course-taking is not benefiting students or reflecting real learning, and some students may even be set back in their learning ” (p. 2174).”
Metadata
- Authors
- Heinrich, C. J., Darling-Aduana, J., Good, A., & Cheng, H. (.
- Affiliations
- Vanderbilt University
- University of Wisconsin-Madison
- Corresponding author
- Heinrich, Carolyn J.
- Venue
- American Educational Research Journal
- Published
- 2019-03-27
- Volume
- 56
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 2147-2188
- ISSN
- 0002-8312 (ISSN-L)
- 1935-1011
- OpenAlex
- W2933819607
- Cited by
- 54
- References
- 5
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 3
- FWCI
- 16.86
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Educational Research Journal (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- william t. grant foundation (185877)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Education › Online and Blended Learning
- Social Sciences › Education › School Choice and Performance
- Social Sciences › Education › Education during COVID-19 pandemic
- Keywords
- online courses, high school students, academic performance, grade point average, course credits, student preparation, academic underachievement, pedagogical support, teacher interaction, educational technology implementation, school district practices
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