Community-based PTSD treatment for ethnically diverse women who experienced intimate partner violence: A feasibility study
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to: (1) Determine the feasibility of a community-based intervention for Latinas with PTSD who experienced IPV; (2) Explore the intervention effectiveness in reducing PTSD and improving quality of life, social support and self-efficacy. This was a feasibility study, using intervention pre-test/post-test qualitative and quantitative data. The experience of living through and surviving IPV was far more important than ethnicity in cultural identity. Significant reductions in PTSD and MDD and increased self-efficacy were sustained 6-months post-intervention. Culturally relevant mental health IPV interventions can be feasible and appropriate across ethnic groups.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Nine of the reviewed studies (3 RCTs, 3 pre-post evaluations, 3 qualitative research) consisted of community-based interventions.
“9 (3 RCTs, 3 pre-post evaluations, 3 qualitative research) of the studies we reviewed consisted of interventions described as being community-based [34–42].”
From A systematic review of intimate partner violence interventions focused on improving social support and/ mental health outcomes of survivors (2020) · cites this paper as [36]
The three studies by Kelly et al., McWhirter et al., and Nicolaidis et al. reported significant reductions in severity of depression and PTSD, as well as an increase in social support and self-efficacy for the women involved.
“These studies reported significant reductions in severity of mental health conditions like depression and PTSD, as well as an increase in social support and self-efficacy for the women who were involved in the study.”
From A systematic review of intimate partner violence interventions focused on improving social support and/ mental health outcomes of survivors (2020) · cites this paper as [36]
Cites
The CES-D Scale: A Self-Report Depression Scale for Research in the General Population
Radloff, L. S. (1977) · Applied Psychological Measurement · doi:10.1177/014662167700100306 · Cited by 53,267 · see citing works
Unequal treatment: confronting racial and ethnic disparities in health care
(2003) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.40-5843 · Cited by 7,043 · see citing works
(1999) · Cited by 5,934 · see citing works
Capps, L. (2003) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.290.18.2487-b · Cited by 4,558 · see citing works
Health consequences of intimate partner violence
Campbell, J. C. (2002) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(02)08336-8 · Cited by 4,055 · see citing works
How we design feasibility studies
Bowen, D. J., Kreuter, M., Spring, B., Cofta-Woerpel, L., Linnan, L., Weiner, D., Bakken, S., Kaplan, C. P., Squiers, L., Fabrizio, C., et al. (2009) · American Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2009.02.002 · Cited by 3,922 · see citing works
Garcia-Moreno, C., Jansen, H. A., Ellsberg, M., Heise, L., & Watts, C. H. (2006) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(06)69523-8 · Cited by 3,176 · see citing works
(2002) · DigitalGeorgetown (Georgetown University Library) · Cited by 2,351 · see citing works
Ellsberg, M., Jansen, H. A., Heise, L., Watts, C. H., & Garcia-Moreno, C. (2008) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(08)60522-x · Cited by 1,820 · see citing works
Intimate partner violence as a risk factor for mental disorders: A meta-analysis
Golding, J. M. (1999) · Journal of Family Violence · doi:10.1023/a:1022079418229 · Cited by 1,788 · see citing works
Interpretive description: A noncategorical qualitative alternative for developing nursing knowledge
Thorne, S. E., Kirkham, S. R., & MacDonald‐Emes, J. (1997) · Research in Nursing & Health · doi:10.1002/(sici)1098-240x(199704)20:2 · Cited by 1,730 · see citing works
Measurement of stress, trauma, and adaptation
Stamm, B. H. (1996) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 1,170 · see citing works
Language Barriers to Health Care in the United States
Flores, G. (2006) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmp058316 · Cited by 855 · see citing works
Violence Against Immigrant Women
Raj, A., & Silverman, J. G. (2002) · Violence Against Women · doi:10.1177/10778010222183107 · Cited by 730 · see citing works
Beydoun, H. A., Beydoun, M. A., Kaufman, J. S., Lo, B., & Zonderman, A. B. (2012) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2012.04.025 · Cited by 680 · see citing works
Social Support Protects against the Negative Effects of Partner Violence on Mental Health
Coker, A. L., Smith, P. H., Thompson, M. P., McKeown, R. E., Bethea, L., & Davis, K. E. (2002) · Journal of Women's Health & Gender-Based Medicine · doi:10.1089/15246090260137644 · Cited by 669 · see citing works
Campbell, J. C., Webster, D. W., & Glass, N. (2009) · Journal of Interpersonal Violence · doi:10.1177/0886260508317180 · Cited by 650 · see citing works
The Assessment of Spouse Abuse: Two Quantifiable Dimensions
Hudson, W. W., & McIntosh, S. R. (1981) · Journal of Marriage and the Family · doi:10.2307/351344 · Cited by 614 · see citing works
Health Disparities in the Latino Population
Vega, W., Rodríguez, M. A., & Gruskin, E. P. (2009) · Epidemiologic Reviews · doi:10.1093/epirev/mxp008 · Cited by 451 · see citing works
Assessing dangerousness: Violence by sexual offenders, batterers, and child abusers.
Campbell, J. C. (1995) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 436 · see citing works
Barriers to Health Care for Abused Latina and Asian Immigrant Women
Bauer, H. M., Rodríguez, M., Quiroga, S. S., & Flores-Ortiz, Y. G. (2000) · Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved · doi:10.1353/hpu.2010.0590 · Cited by 349 · see citing works
McFARLANE, J. M., Malecha, A. T., Watson, K., Gist, J., Batten, E., Hall, I., & Smith, S. K. (2005) · Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1097/01.aog.0000146641.98665.b6 · Cited by 333 · see citing works
Does mindfulness meditation improve anxiety and mood symptoms? a review of the controlled research
Toneatto, T., & Nguyen, L. (2007) · The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/070674370705200409 · Cited by 313 · see citing works
Acceptance and commitment therapy in the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder
Orsillo, S. M., & Batten, S. V. (2005) · Behavior Modification · doi:10.1177/0145445504270876 · Cited by 311 · see citing works
Pico-Alfonso, M. A. (2005) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2004.08.010 · Cited by 283 · see citing works
Basile, K. C., Arias, I., Desai, S., & Thompson, M. P. (2004) · Journal of Traumatic Stress · doi:10.1023/b:jots.0000048954.50232.d8 · Cited by 264 · see citing works
Caetano, R., Field, C. A., Ramisetty‐Mikler, S., & McGrath, C. J. (2005) · Journal of Interpersonal Violence · doi:10.1177/0886260505277783 · Cited by 236 · see citing works
Western Journal of Emergency Medicine
(2012) · Wilderness and Environmental Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.wem.2011.11.004 · Cited by 167 · see citing works
Lown, E. A., & Vega, W. A. (2001) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/00006842-200105000-00004 · Cited by 166 · see citing works
Garcés, I. C., Scarinci, I. C., & Harrison, L. L. (2006) · Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health · doi:10.1007/s10903-006-9008-8 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
Kelly, U. A. (2009) · Research in Nursing & Health · doi:10.1002/nur.20327 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
Self-citationFuchs, C., Lee, J. K., Roemer, L., & Orsillo, S. M. (2013) · Cognitive and Behavioral Practice · doi:10.1016/j.cbpra.2011.12.004 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Integrating intersectionality and biomedicine in health disparities research
Kelly, U. A. (2009) · Advances in Nursing Science · doi:10.1097/ans.0b013e3181a3b3fc · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Self-citationIntimate Partner Violence in Latina and Non-Latina Women
Bonomi, A. E., Anderson, M. L., Cannon, E. A., Slesnick, N., & Rodríguez, M. (2008) · American Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2008.09.027 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Intimate Partner Violence Among Latinas in Eastern North Carolina
Denham, A. C., Frasier, P. Y., Hooten, E. G., Belton, L., Newton, W. P., Gonzalez, P. K., Begum, M., & Campbell, M. K. (2007) · Violence Against Women · doi:10.1177/1077801206296983 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Stacciarini, J. R., Shattell, M. M., Coady, M. R., & Wiens, B. A. (2010) · Community Mental Health Journal · doi:10.1007/s10597-010-9319-z · Cited by 119 · see citing works
The Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System
Silva, N. M. (2014) · The International Journal of Aging and Human Development · doi:10.1177/0091415015574184 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Trauma, posttraumatic stress disorder, and health status.
Green, B. L., & Kimerling, R. E. (2004) · American Psychological Association eBooks · doi:10.1037/10723-002 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Michael, Y. L., Farquhar, S. A., Wiggins, N., & Green, M. K. (2007) · Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health · doi:10.1007/s10903-007-9078-2 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Fedovskiy, K., Higgins, S., & Paranjape, A. (2008) · Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health · doi:10.1007/s10903-007-9049-7 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
(2007) · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Trauma, posttraumatic stress disorder, and health risk behaviors.
Rheingold, A. A., Acierno, R. E., & Resnick, H. S. (2004) · American Psychological Association eBooks · doi:10.1037/10723-009 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Kelly, U. A. (2010) · PubMed Central · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Self-citationGlass, N. E., Perrin, N., Campbell, J. C., & Soeken, K. L. (2007) · Research in Nursing & Health · doi:10.1002/nur.20207 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Contextualizing Depression and Physical Functioning in Battered Women
Nurius, P. S., Macy, R. J., Bhuyan, R., Holt, V. L., Kernic, M. A., & Rivara, F. P. (2003) · Journal of Interpersonal Violence · doi:10.1177/0886260503258033 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Symptoms of PTSD and Major Depression in Latinas Who Have Experienced Intimate Partner Violence
Kelly, U. A. (2010) · Issues in Mental Health Nursing · doi:10.3109/01612840903312020 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Self-citationThe Interpersonal Relationship Inventory: Continued Psychometric Evaluation
Tilden, V. P., Hirsch, A. M., & Nelson, C. A. (1994) · Journal of Nursing Measurement · doi:10.1891/1061-3749.2.1.63 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Health-Related Quality of Life Among Abused Women One Year After Leaving a Violent Partner
Alsaker, K., Moen, B. E., & Kristoffersen, K. (2008) · Social Indicators Research · doi:10.1007/s11205-007-9182-7 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
"What will happen if I tell you?" Battered Latina women's experiences of health care.
Kelly, U. A. (2006) · PubMed · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Self-citationLifetime Abuse and Mental Health Distress Among English-Speaking Latinas
Ramos, B. M., & Carlson, B. E. (2004) · Affilia · doi:10.1177/0886109904265790 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Adherence Disparities in Mental Health
Dixon, L. B., Lewis‐Fernández, R., Goldman, H. H., Interian, A., Michaels, A., & Kiley, M. C. (2011) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/nmd.0b013e31822fed17 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Relationship of vulnerability to coercive control and intimate partner violence (IPV) among Latinas
Watson, S. D. (2010) · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Ogbe, E., Harmon, S., Van den Bergh, R., & Degomme, O. (2020) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0235177 · Cited by 239 · see citing works
“Community focused/ network interventions with a psychotherapy component Three of the nine studies (1 RCT and 2 pre-post study) by Kelly et al [36], McWhirter et al [37], and Nicolaidis et al [38] described group therapy interventions that were designed in collaboration with the target population in a participatory way.”
MethodO’Brien, J., Fossey, E. M., & Palmer, V. J. (2020) · Health & Social Care in the Community · doi:10.1111/hsc.13105 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
The odd couple: using biomedical and intersectional approaches to address health inequities
Hankivsky, O., Doyal, L., Einstein, G., Kelly, U. A., Shim, J. K., Weber, L., & Repta, R. (2017) · Global Health Action · doi:10.1080/16549716.2017.1326686 · Cited by 133 · see citing works
Self-citation“Applying Intersectionality in designing and implementing health interventions: a scoping review”
Ghasemi, E., Majdzadeh, R., Rajabi, F., Vedadhir, A., Negarandeh, R., Jamshidi, E., Takian, A., & Faraji, Z. (2021) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-021-11449-6 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Tinner, L., Holman, D., Ejegi‐Memeh, S., & Laverty, A. A. (2023) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph20146370 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Johnson, D. M., Zlotnick, C., Hoffman, L., Palmieri, P. A., Johnson, N. L., Holmes, S. C., & Ceroni, T. L. (2020) · Psychology of Women Quarterly · doi:10.1177/0361684320953120 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Galano, M., Grogan-Kaylor, A. C., Stein, S. F., Clark, H., & Graham-Bermann, S. (2017) · Psychological Trauma · doi:10.1037/tra0000218 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Gallegos, A. M., Heffner, K. L., Cerulli, C., Lück, P., McGuinness, S., & Pigeon, W. R. (2020) · Psychological Trauma Theory Research Practice and Policy · doi:10.1037/tra0000975 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
A systematic review of community-based research interventions for domestic violence survivors.
Ragavan, M. I., Thomas, K. A., Medzhitova, J., Brewer, N. Q., Goodman, L. A., & Bair‐Merritt, M. H. (2018) · Psychology of Violence · doi:10.1037/vio0000183 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Clark, H. M., Grogan‐Kaylor, A. C., Galano, M. M., Stein, S. F., Montalvo‐Liendo, N., & Graham‐Bermann, S. A. (2018) · Journal of Family Violence · doi:10.1007/s10896-018-9957-4 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Interventions delivered by nurses in adult outpatient psychiatric care: An integrative review
Ameel, M., Kontio, R., & Valimaki, M. A. (2019) · Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing · doi:10.1111/jpm.12543 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Systematic Review of Intimate Partner Violence Interventions for Latinas in the U.S
Cardenas, I., Rizo, C. F., Ward, M. R., & Jiwatram-Negrón, T. (2024) · Trauma Violence & Abuse · doi:10.1177/15248380241253037 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
White, S., Bearne, L., Sweeney, A., & Mantovani, N. (2024) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2024.1450680 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Latent Profiles of Parenting among Women Exposed to Intimate Partner Violence
Grogan‐Kaylor, A. C., Galano, M. M., Stein, S. F., Clark, H. M., & Graham‐Bermann, S. A. (2020) · Social Work Research · doi:10.1093/swr/svz028 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Doornbos, M. M., Zandee, G. L., Timmermans, B., Moes, J., DeGroot, J., DeMaagd-Rodriguez, M., Smit-Scholman, J., Zietse, M., Heitsch, E., & Quist, M. (2018) · Archives of Psychiatric Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.apnu.2018.02.007 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Seff, I., Meinhart, M., Sarraf, D., Zuhair, A. A., Sofia, J., Atuheire, R., Lee, J. K., Ahmed, N., Poulton, C., & Stark, L. (2024) · Frontiers in Sociology · doi:10.3389/fsoc.2024.1409332 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Clark, H. M., Grogan‐Kaylor, A. C., Galano, M. M., Stein, S. F., & Graham‐Bermann, S. A. (2018) · Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública · doi:10.26633/rpsp.2018.39 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Factors impacting attrition of vulnerable women from a longitudinal mental health intervention study
Doornbos, M. M., Zandee, G. L., Timmermans, B., Moes, J., Heitsch, E., Quist, M., Heetderks, E., Houskamp, C., & VanWolde, A. (2019) · Public Health Nursing · doi:10.1111/phn.12687 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Zalcberg-Block, S., Nashef‐Hamuda, R., & Even‐Zohar, A. (2023) · Women s Studies International Forum · doi:10.1016/j.wsif.2023.102792 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Zeleke, W. A., Dagnew, M., Wondie, Y., Hailu, T., Holmes, C. M., Mekonnen, M., Eshete, B. T., & Nenko, G. (2025) · Trauma Care · doi:10.3390/traumacare5010004 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Treatment of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder in Survivors of Intimate Partner Violence
Johnson, D. M., Zlotnick, C., & González, A. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-89999-2_149 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Choi, A. W., Chan, S. K. W., Lo, R. T.-F., Wong, L. C. L., Wong, J. Y. H., & Tang, D. H. M. (2018) · Journal of Evidence-Informed Social Work · doi:10.1080/23761407.2018.1509409 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Evidence-Based Interventions for Mental Health Consequences of Intimate Partner Violence
Yapp, E., Keynejad, R. C., & Oram, S. (2020) · Mental health and illness worldwide · doi:10.1007/978-981-10-2369-9_22 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Sáez, G., López-Núñez, C., Rojo-Ramos, J., Martín, J. M., Domínguez‐Muñoz, F. J., Hernández‐Albújar, Y., My works are correct, B. M. I. A. A. I. S. R. L. M. T. I. D. A.-M., Adsuar, J. C., & Collado‐Mateo, D. (2023) · Journal of Interpersonal Violence · doi:10.1177/08862605231169761 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Evidence-Based Interventions for Mental Health Consequences of Intimate Partner Violence
Yapp, E., Keynejad, R. C., & Oram, S. (2019) · Mental health and illness worldwide · doi:10.1007/978-981-10-0371-4_22-1 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
CBPR Pilot Intervention: Understanding Social Health Determinants of Mental Health in Rural Latinos
Bunting, A., & Stacciarini, J. R. (2019) · UF Journal of Undergraduate Research · doi:10.32473/ufjur.v20i2.106248 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Treatment of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder in Survivors of Intimate Partner Violence
Johnson, D. M., Zlotnick, C., & González, A. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-62122-7_149-1 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Ravi, K. E., Leat, S. R., Rai, A., Obenauf, C., Masters-Henry, N., & Dunbar, D. (2024) · Families in Society The Journal of Contemporary Social Services · doi:10.1177/10443894241260072 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Rodríguez, M. F. S., Blasco‐Ros, C., & Ortiz, M. M. (2017) · INFORMACIO PSICOLOGICA · doi:10.14635/ipsic.2017.114.3 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Frano, E. L., Conklin, J., & Okumu, M. (2025) · JMIR Research Protocols · doi:10.2196/76996
Ghasemi, E., Majdzadeh, R., Rajabi, F., Vedadhir, A., Negarandeh, R., Jamshidi, E., Takian, A., & Faraji, Z. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.14998911
Psychotherapy and Teletherapy in U.S. Latinx Populations: A Narrative Review
Uranga, S. I., Magallanes, S., Wahid, S., Isaac, S., Munshi, Z. R., Sanchez, M. R., Rodriguez, A. E. M., & Havlik, J. L. (2026) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.116068
- Authors
- Kelly, U. A., & Pich, K.
- Affiliations
- Emory University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Kelly, Ursula A.
- ORCID
- Kelly, Ursula A.
- Venue
- Issues in Mental Health Nursing
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2014-11-26
- Volume
- 35
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 906-913
- ISSN
- 0161-2840 (ISSN-L)
- 1096-4673
- OpenAlex
- W2159698457
- Cited by
- 33
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 3 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 1
- FWCI
- 1.27
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Issues in Mental Health Nursing (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Health › Intimate Partner and Family Violence
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Migration, Health and Trauma
- Keywords
- post-traumatic stress disorder, intimate partner violence, Hispanic women, community-based intervention, women's mental health, depressive symptoms, self-efficacy, social support, quality of life, feasibility
- MeSH terms
- Intimate Partner Violence, Adult, Community Mental Health Services, Major Depressive Disorder, Feasibility Studies, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Hispanic or Latino, Humans, Psychotherapy, Group, Quality of Life, Social Support, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Treatment Outcome, Cultural Diversity, Self Efficacy, Emigrants and Immigrants, Community-Based Participatory Research
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review