Barriers to obtaining employment for people with severe mental illness experiencing homelessness
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The rate of unemployment among homeless people is estimated to exceed 80%. A high prevalence of mental illness partially explains this figure, but few studies about the relationship between employment and homelessness have focused on homeless people with mental illness. AIM: The present study explores the self-reported barriers to employment in a sample of individuals with mental illness when they were homeless. METHODS: A sample of 27 individuals with mental illness and recent experiences of homelessness, who had expressed an interest in working, participated in semi-structured qualitative interviews. Inductive analysis was used to identify barriers to employment. FINDINGS: The prominent barriers include: (1) current substance abuse, (2) having a criminal record, (3) work-impeding shelter practices, and (4) difficulties obtaining adequate psychiatric care. CONCLUSION: Individuals who have been homeless and have a mental illness report facing specific barriers associated with mental illness, homelessness, or the interaction between the two. Additional research should explore how supported housing and employment interventions can be tailored to effectively serve this group.
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Physical and mental health symptoms are both a consequence of insufficient employment and a barrier to obtaining employment.
“Physical and mental health symptoms are both a consequence of insufficient employment and a barrier to obtaining employment,10 creating a vicious cycle and highlighting a critical need to develop accessible interventions to improve mental health outcomes in these individuals.”
From Feasibility and Acceptability of a Community-Based Modified Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Program for the Under- and Unemployed (2020) · cites this paper as [10]
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- Authors
- Poremski, D., Whitley, R., & Latimer, E.
- Affiliations
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Poremski, Daniel
- Venue
- Journal of Mental Health
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2014-04-30
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 181-185
- ISSN
- 0963-8237 (ISSN-L)
- 1360-0567
- OpenAlex
- W2138553767
- Cited by
- 75
- References
- 29
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 4
- FWCI
- 8.46
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Mental Health (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- McGill University
- Mental Health Commission
- Health Canada
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Homelessness and Social Issues
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Employment and Welfare Studies
- Social Sciences › Safety Research › Disability Education and Employment
- Keywords
- severe mental illness, homelessness, barriers to employment, unemployment, substance abuse, criminal records, psychiatric nursing, supported employment, supported housing
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Mental Disorders, Employment, Female, Ill-Housed Persons, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Substance-Related Disorders
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