Who Benefits From Supported Employment: A Meta-analytic Study
Open accessAbstract
AIMS: This meta-analysis sought to identify which subgroups of clients with severe mental illness (SMI) benefited from evidence-based supported employment. METHODS: We used meta-analysis to pool the samples from 4 randomized controlled trials comparing the Individual Placement and Support (IPS) model of supported employment to well-regarded vocational approaches using stepwise models and brokered services. Meta-analysis was used to determine the magnitude of effects for IPS/control group differences within specific client subgroups (defined by 2 work history, 7 sociodemographic, and 8 clinical variables) on 3 competitive employment outcomes (obtaining a job, total weeks worked, and job tenure). RESULTS: The findings strongly favored IPS, with large effect sizes across all outcomes: 0.96 for job acquisition, 0.79 for total weeks worked, and 0.74 for job tenure. Overall, 90 (77%) of the 117 effect sizes calculated for the 39 subgroups exceeded 0.70, and all 117 favored IPS. CONCLUSIONS: IPS produces better competitive employment outcomes for persons with SMI than alternative vocational programs regardless of background demographic, clinical, and employment characteristics.
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Psychosocial variables such as strong work ethic, expressed desire to work, maintain habits, self-esteem, self-efficacy, and work history have been identified as predictive of success in return to employment or education.
“Psychosocial variables such as a strong work ethic [25–27], expressed desire to work [28–30], maintain habits [19, 31] and self-esteem, self-efficacy [19, 32–34] and work history [15, 35] have also been investigated and identified as predictive of success in return to employment or education.”
From An enhanced individual placement and support (iPS) intervention based on the model of human occupation (MOHO); a prospective cohort study (2020) · cites this paper as [30]
Previous research has found work related goals expressed as a desire to work is predictive of positive employment outcome.
“Previous research has also found work related goals expressed as a desire to work [29, 30] is predictive of positive employment outcome.”
From An enhanced individual placement and support (iPS) intervention based on the model of human occupation (MOHO); a prospective cohort study (2020) · cites this paper as [30]
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- Authors
- Campbell, K., Bond, G. R., & Drake, R. E.
- Affiliations
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (IE)
- Dartmouth College (US)
- Venue
- Schizophrenia Bulletin
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2009-08-06
- Volume
- 37
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 370-380
- ISSN
- 0586-7614 (ISSN-L)
- 1745-1701
- PMC
- PMC3044633
- OpenAlex
- W2141187495
- Cited by
- 219
- References
- 59
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 23 · 2014: 25 · 2013: 21 · 2012: 15
- FWCI
- 3.64
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Schizophrenia Bulletin (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Lenus, The Irish Health Repository (Dr Steevens Hospital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
- National Institutes of Health (5k02mh000839-10, 5r18mh047650-03, 5k02mh000842-10)
- Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (MH47650, MH51346)
- U.S. Public Health Service (H133G990155)
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH59987, MH-00842, MH-56147, R01MH059987, MH-00839, MH 51346, MH-47650, R24MH056147)
- Center for Mental Health Services
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Safety Research › Disability Education and Employment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Employment and Welfare Studies
- Keywords
- supported employment, Individual Placement and Support
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Female, Humans, Income, Male, Middle Aged, Motivation, Rehabilitation, Vocational, Schizophrenia, Schizophrenic Psychology, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Employment, Supported, Evidence-Based Practice
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