Cited by 62Schizophrenia research and treatmentPsychiatric care and mental health servicesFamily Caregiving in Mental Illness

Healthcare resource usage of schizophrenia patients initiating long-acting injectable antipsychotics vs oral

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Offord, Steve, Wong, Bruce, Mirski, Dario, Baker, Ross A., Lin, Jay·2013·Journal of Medical Economics

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To compare hospitalizations and incidence of relapses among patients with schizophrenia initiating long-acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotics vs oral antipsychotics. METHODS: Patients with schizophrenia initiating LAI antipsychotics or oral antipsychotics (index events) were identified from large databases (MarketScan; Truven Health Analytics, CA), containing commercial and Medicare healthcare claims and their pre-index (12-month baseline period) and post-index (12-month follow-up period) hospitalizations and relapse rates were compared. Descriptive and bivariate statistics were utilized to compare demographics, clinical characteristics, and hospital resource usage among cohorts. Multivariate analysis was used to evaluate the impact of initiating LAI vs oral antipsychotics on differences in the number of hospitalizations and length of stay (LOS) between follow-up and baseline periods. RESULTS: Commercially insured patients initiating LAI antipsychotics (n = 394) had significant reductions in inpatient healthcare usage after initiating antipsychotic therapy: mean number (±standard deviation) of all cause hospitalizations (1.60 ± 1.66 vs 0.70 ± 1.20, p < 0.001), LOS (16.9 ± 20.7 vs 6.6 ± 14.4 days, p < 0.001), schizophrenia-related hospitalizations (1.03 ± 1.26 vs 0.43 ± 0.86, p < 0.001), associated LOS (12.3 ± 17.7 vs 4.8 ± 12.8 days, p < 0.001). Patients initiating LAI vs oral antipsychotics (n = 2610) had significantly greater reductions during the follow-up period vs baseline period in the mean number of all cause hospitalizations (-0.90 ± 1.77 vs 0.02 ± 1.49, p < 0.001), LOS (-10.3 ± 23.2 vs 0.7 ± 16.7 days, p < 0.001), schizophrenia-related hospitalizations (-0.60 ± 1.37 vs 0.05 ± 0.99, p < 0.001) and associated LOS (-7.5 ± 20.7 vs 0.6 ± 12.5 days, p < 0.001). These results were further supported by multivariate analyses in which patient characteristics were taken into consideration. LIMITATIONS: This study attempted to minimize the impact of differences in patient characteristics by having patients serve as their own controls in the before vs after comparison followed by multivariate regressions, however one still may not be able to account for all confounders in this non-randomized study population. CONCLUSION: Patients with schizophrenia who initiated LAI vs oral antipsychotics experienced reductions in hospitalizations and schizophrenia relapses after drug initiation, which may be indicative of improved disease management.

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Authors
Offord, S., Wong, B., Mirski, D., Baker, R. A., & Lin, J.
Affiliations
  • Otsuka (United States) (US)
  • University of Pennsylvania (US)
Corresponding author
Lin, Jay
Venue
Journal of Medical Economics
Published
2012-11-28
Volume
16
Issue
2
Pages
231-239
ISSN
  • 1369-6998 (ISSN-L)
  • 1941-837X
OpenAlex
W2075029547
Cited by
62
References
23
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 4
FWCI
3.87
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Journal of Medical Economics (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • Otsuka America
  • Otsuka Pharmaceutical
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychiatric care and mental health services
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Family Caregiving in Mental Illness
Keywords
schizophrenia, long-acting injectable antipsychotics, oral antipsychotics, hospitalization, length of hospital stay, relapse, healthcare resource utilization, private insurance, Medicare, hospital costs
MeSH terms
Administration, Oral, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Delayed-Action Preparations, Female, Health Resources, Hospitalization, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Recurrence, Retrospective Studies, Schizophrenia, Antipsychotic Agents, United States, Young Adult, Administration, Intravenous

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