The DOI matches its Crossref record; 3 of the 3 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Normalized Word Embedding and Orthogonal Transform for Bilingual Word Translation
Open accessAbstract
Word embedding has been found to be highly powerful to translate words from one language to another by a simple linear transform.However, we found some inconsistence among the objective functions of the embedding and the transform learning, as well as the distance measurement.This paper proposes a solution which normalizes the word vectors on a hypersphere and constrains the linear transform as an orthogonal transform.The experimental results confirmed that the proposed solution can offer better performance on a word similarity task and an English-to-Spanish word translation task.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Efficient Estimation of Word Representations in Vector Space
Mikolov, T., Chen, K., Corrado, G., & Dean, J. (2013) · arXiv · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1301.3781 · Cited by 26,568
Distributed Representations of Words and Phrases and their Compositionality
Mikolov, T., Sutskever, I., Chen, K., Corrado, G., & Dean, J. (2013) · arXiv · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1310.4546 · Cited by 24,533
Improving Vector Space Word Representations Using Multilingual Correlation
Faruqui, M., & Dyer, C. (2014) · Proceedings of the 14th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics · doi:10.3115/v1/e14-1049 · Cited by 620
Cited by
Cross-lingual Language Model Pretraining
Lample, G., & Conneau, A. (2019) · arXiv · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1901.07291 · Cited by 1,586
XNLI: Evaluating Cross-lingual Sentence Representations
Conneau, A., Rinott, R., Lample, G., Williams, A., Bowman, S., Schwenk, H., & Stoyanov, V. (2018) · Proceedings of the 2018 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing · doi:10.18653/v1/d18-1269 · Cited by 915
A robust self-learning method for fully unsupervised cross-lingual mappings of word embeddings
Artetxe, M., Labaka, G., & Agirre, E. (2018) · Proceedings of the 56th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers) · doi:10.18653/v1/p18-1073 · Cited by 555
Learning bilingual word embeddings with (almost) no bilingual data
Artetxe, M., Labaka, G., & Agirre, E. (2017) · Proceedings of the 55th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers) · doi:10.18653/v1/p17-1042 · Cited by 455
Cross-Lingual Entity Alignment via Joint Attribute-Preserving Embedding
Sun, Z., Hu, W., & Li, C. (2017) · Lecture Notes in Computer Science · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-68288-4_37 · Cited by 438
Metadata
- Authors
- Xing, C., Wang, D., Liu, C., & Lin, Y.
- Venue
- Proceedings of the 2015 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies
- Published
- 2015
- Pages
- 1006-1011
- OpenAlex
- W2294774419
- Cited by
- 381
- References
- 3
- FWCI
- 13.07
- Type
- conference paper
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Normalized Word Embedding and Orthogonal Transform for Bilingual Word Translation. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.3115/v1/n15-1104
- The paper
- Xing, C., Wang, D., Liu, C., & Lin, Y. (2015). Normalized Word Embedding and Orthogonal Transform for Bilingual Word Translation. Proceedings of the 2015 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies. https://doi.org/10.3115/v1/n15-1104
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.