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Cited by 58Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive PhysiologyAnimal Nutrition and PhysiologyMilk Quality and Mastitis in Dairy Cows

Effects of feeding formate-treated alfalfa silage or red clover silage on the production of lactating dairy cows

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Broderick, G.A., Brito, A.F., Colmenero, J.J. Olmos·2007·Journal of Dairy Science
DOI 10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(07)71624-7
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Abstract

In trial 1, 15 Holsteins were fed 3 total mixed rations (TMR) with 33% neutral detergent fiber in 3 x 3 Latin squares (28-d periods). Two TMR contained (dry matter basis): 40% control alfalfa silage (CAS) or 40% ammonium tetraformate-treated alfalfa silage (TAS), 20% corn silage (CS), 33% high-moisture shelled corn (HMSC), 6% solvent soybean meal (SSBM), and 18% crude protein (CP); the third TMR contained 54% red clover silage (RCS), 6% dried molasses, 33% HMSC, 6% SSBM, and 16.3% CP. Silages differed in nonprotein N (NPN) and acid detergent insoluble N (ADIN; % of total N): 50 and 4% (CAS); 45 and 3% (TAS); 27 and 8% (RCS). Replacing CAS with TAS increased intake, yields of milk, fat-corrected milk, protein, and solids-not-fat, and apparent dry matter and N efficiency. Replacing CAS with RCS increased intake and N efficiency but not milk yield. Replacing CAS or TAS with RCS lowered milk urea N, increased apparent nutrient digestibility, and diverted N excretion from urine to feces. In trial 2, 24 Holsteins (8 ruminally cannulated) were fed 4 TMR in 4 x 4 Latin squares (28-d periods). Diets included the CAS, TAS, and RCS (RCS1) fed in trial 1 plus an immature RCS (RCS2; 29% NPN, 4% ADIN). The CAS, TAS, and RCS2 diets contained 36% HMSC and 3% SSBM and the RCS1 diet contained 31% HMSC and 9% SSBM. All TMR had 50% legume silage, 10% CS, 27% neutral detergent fiber, and 17 to 18% CP. Little difference was observed between cows fed CAS and TAS. Intakes of DM and yields of milk, fat-corrected milk, fat, protein, lactose, and solids-not-fat, and milk fat and protein content were greater on alfalfa silage vs. RCS. Blood urea N, milk urea N, ruminal ammonia, and total urinary N excretion were reduced on RCS, suggesting better N utilization on the lower NPN silage. Apparent N efficiency tended to be higher for cows fed RCS but there was no difference when N efficiency was expressed as kilograms of milk yield per kilogram of total N excreted.

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  • Compared with untreated alfalfa silage, ammonium tetraformate (7 L/t) treatment decreased proteolysis and lowered contents of soluble NPN, ammonia-N, and free AA-N.

    “Likewise, compared with untreated alfalfa silage, Broderick et al. (2007) reported decreased proteolysis and, thereby, lower contents of soluble NPN, ammonia-N, and free AA-N in alfalfa silage treated with ammonium tetraformate (7 L/t).”

    From Silage review: Recent advances and future uses of silage additives (2018) · cites this paper as Broderick et al. (2007)

    The Forage Composition section (page unavailable) reports that alfalfa silage treated with 7 L/t of ammonium tetraformate had less NPN than control silage, principally because of reduced free amino acids, and estimates less protein breakdown. Our copy describes measuring ammonia but the available passages do not report that ammonia-N was lower in the treated silage. (LLM, conf=0.84)

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  • Content and yield of milk true protein and nitrogen efficiency in milk N per unit of N intake were increased by feeding the ammonium tetraformate-treated alfalfa silage.

    “Content and yield of milk true protein and nitrogen efficiency in milk N per unit of N intake were also increased (Broderick et al., 2007); however, this production response was not observed in a second trial.”

    From Silage review: Recent advances and future uses of silage additives (2018) · cites this paper as Broderick et al., 2007

    In Trial 1, Table 3 reports higher milk true-protein yield and milk N per unit of N intake with ammonium tetraformate-treated alfalfa silage than with untreated alfalfa silage. Milk true-protein content was not significantly higher: both diets have the same significance letter in the table. The Conclusions also limit the production increase to one of two trials. (LLM, conf=0.88)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • When the ammonium tetraformate-treated alfalfa silage was fed to dairy cows, daily DMI increased by 1.0 kg and 3.5% FCM increased by 2.1 kg.

    “When fed to dairy cows, the daily DMI increased by 1.0 kg and the 3.5% FCM increased by 2.1 kg.”

    From Silage review: Recent advances and future uses of silage additives (2018) · cites this paper as Broderick et al. (2007)

  • The production response to ammonium tetraformate-treated alfalfa silage was not observed in a second trial.

    “Content and yield of milk true protein and nitrogen efficiency in milk N per unit of N intake were also increased (Broderick et al., 2007); however, this production response was not observed in a second trial.”

    From Silage review: Recent advances and future uses of silage additives (2018) · cites this paper as Broderick et al., 2007

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Research works printed but not linked: 4

  1. [8]8. Broderick, G. A. 2002. An analysis of the relative value of lucerne and red clover silages for lactating cows. Pages 128-129 in Proc. 13th Int. Silage Conf., Scottish Agriculture Coll., Auchincruive, Scotland.
  2. [23]23. Hatfield, R. D., and R. E. Muck. 1999. Characterizing proteolytic inhibition in red clover silage. Page 149-150 in Proc. XIIth Int. Silage Conf. Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Upp- sala, Sweden.
  3. [36]36. McDonald, P., A. R. Henderson, and S. J. E. Heron. 1991. The Bio- chemistry of Silage. J. Wiley and Sons, New York, NY.
  4. [58]58. Waldo, D. R. 1985. Nutritional value of legumes preserved as silage. Page 220-224 in Forage Legumes for Energy-Efficient Animal Production. R. F. Barnes, P. R. Ball, R. W. Brougham, G. C. Marten, D. J. Minson, ed. Proceedings of a Trilateral Workshop, Palmerston North, New Zealand. USDA-ARS, Washington, DC.

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Authors
Broderick, G. A., Brito, A. F., & Colmenero, J. J. O.
Affiliations
  • Agricultural Research Service (US)
  • University of Wisconsin–Madison (US)
Corresponding author
Broderick, G.A.
ORCID
Venue
Journal of Dairy Science
Publisher
American Dairy Science Association
Published
2007-03
Volume
90
Issue
3
Pages
1378-1391
ISSN
0022-0302 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(07)71624-7
OpenAlex
W1965965933
Cited by
58
References
54
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 3
FWCI
7.54
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Journal of Dairy Science (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Agronomy and Crop Science › Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Animal Nutrition and Physiology
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Agronomy and Crop Science › Milk Quality and Mastitis in Dairy Cows
Keywords
silage, red clover silage, dairy cow milk production, milk urea nitrogen, nitrogen use efficiency, non-protein nitrogen, acid detergent insoluble nitrogen, milk protein yield, milk fat yield, milk lactose, nutrient digestibility, Holstein cows, total mixed ration
MeSH terms
Medicago sativa, Animals, Cattle, Diet, Digestion, Feces, Female, Formates, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Lactation, Nitrogen, Random Allocation, Rumen, Silage, Time Factors, Dietary Supplements, Trifolium

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