Cited by 145Healthcare professionals’ stress and burnoutDiversity and Career in MedicineStress and Burnout Research

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Factors associated with burnout among US neurosurgery residents: a nationwide survey

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Attenello, Frank J., Buchanan, Ian A., Wen, Timothy, Donoho, Daniel A., McCartney, Shirley, Cen, Steven Y., Khalessi, Alexander A., Cohen-Gadol, Aaron A., Cheng, Joseph S., Mack, William J., Schirmer, Clemens M., Swartz, Karin R., Prall, J. Adair, Stroink, Ann R., Giannotta, Steven L., Klimo, Paul·2018·Journal of Neurosurgery

DOI 10.3171/2017.9.jns17996

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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Excessive dissatisfaction and stress among physicians can precipitate burnout, which results in diminished productivity, quality of care, and patient satisfaction and treatment adherence. Given the multiplicity of its harms and detriments to workforce retention and in light of the growing physician shortage, burnout has garnered much attention in recent years. Using a national survey, the authors formally evaluated burnout among neurosurgery trainees. METHODS: An 86-item questionnaire was disseminated to residents in the American Association of Neurological Surgeons database between June and November 2015. Questions evaluated personal and workplace stressors, mentorship, career satisfaction, and burnout. Burnout was assessed using the previously validated Maslach Burnout Inventory. Factors associated with burnout were determined using univariate and multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS: The response rate with completed surveys was 21% (346/1643). The majority of residents were male (78%), 26–35 years old (92%), in a stable relationship (70%), and without children (73%). Respondents were equally distributed across all residency years. Eighty-one percent of residents were satisfied with their career choice, although 41% had at some point given serious thought to quitting. The overall burnout rate was 67%. In the multivariate analysis, notable factors associated with burnout included inadequate operating room exposure (OR 7.57, p = 0.011), hostile faculty (OR 4.07, p = 0.008), and social stressors outside of work (OR 4.52, p = 0.008). Meaningful mentorship was protective against burnout in the multivariate regression models (OR 0.338, p = 0.031). CONCLUSIONS: Rates of burnout and career satisfaction are paradoxically high among neurosurgery trainees. While several factors were predictive of burnout, including inadequate operative exposure and social stressors, meaningful mentorship proved to be protective against burnout. The documented negative effects of burnout on patient care and health care economics necessitate further studies for potential solutions to curb its rise.

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Authors: Attenello, F. J., Buchanan, I. A., Wen, T., Donoho, D. A., McCartney, S., Cen, S. Y., Khalessi, A. A., Cohen-Gadol, A. A., Cheng, J. S., Mack, W. J., Schirmer, C. M., Swartz, K. R., Prall, J. A., Stroink, A. R., Giannotta, S. L., & Klimo, P.
Affiliations: University of Southern California (US)
Oregon Health & Science University (US)
University of California San Diego (US)
Goodman Campbell Brain and Spine, Department of Neurosurgery, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana;
University of Cincinnati (US)
Geisinger Health System (US)
Medical College of Wisconsin (US)
Littleton Adventist Hospital (US)
Central Illinois Neuro Health Science, Bloomington, Illinois; and
University of Tennessee Health Science Center (US)
ORCID: Attenello, Frank J.
Buchanan, Ian A.
Wen, Timothy
Donoho, Daniel A.
McCartney, Shirley
Cen, Steven Y.
Khalessi, Alexander A.
Cheng, Joseph S.
Mack, William J.
Schirmer, Clemens M.
Swartz, Karin R.
Giannotta, Steven L.
Venue: Journal of Neurosurgery
Publisher: Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)
Published: 2018-11
Volume: 129
Issue: 5
Pages: 1349-1363
ISSN: 0022-3085 (ISSN-L)
1933-0693
DOI: 10.3171/2017.9.jns17996
OpenAlex: W2786344603
Cited by: 145
References: 70
Citations by year: 2026: 11 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 31 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 8
FWCI: 27.87
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Locations: Journal of neurosurgery (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: University of Southern California
Topics: Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Healthcare professionals’ stress and burnout
Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Diversity and Career in Medicine
Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Stress and Burnout Research
Keywords: physician burnout, neurosurgery residents, surgical residency training, career satisfaction, mentoring, social stressors, Maslach Burnout Inventory, resident retention, physician shortage
MeSH terms: Adult, Burnout, Professional, Career Choice, Female, Health Surveys, Humans, Internship and Residency, Job Satisfaction, Male, Neurosurgery, Risk Factors, United States, Young Adult

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Factors associated with burnout among US neurosurgery residents: a nationwide survey

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