Functional Imaging of Central Nervous System Involvement in Complex Regional Pain Syndrome
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SUMMARY: In complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS), functional imaging studies gave evidence for an important role of the central nervous system (CNS) in the pathogenesis of the disease. Especially, reorganization in central somatosensory and motor networks was demonstrated, leading to an altered central processing of tactile and nociceptive stimuli, as well as to an altered cerebral organization of movement. These findings may explain a number of clinical signs and symptoms occurring in the course of the disease and seem to be closely related to chronic pain in CRPS. Neurorehabilitative strategies, which target cortical areas and aim to restore impaired sensorimotor function in patients with CRPS, therefore, may be effective not only in restoring impaired function but also in pain reduction. This article reviews findings of functional imaging studies, which have been conducted to clarify CNS involvement in the course of CRPS.
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Central nervous system changes are involved in chronic CRPS.
“Central nervous system changes are involved in chronic CRPS [42, 43].”
From Symptom reduction and improved function in chronic CRPS type 1 after 12-week integrated, interdisciplinary therapy (2019) · cites this paper as [43]
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- A, Contrast map of the general linear model (GLM) calculated by subtracting the tapping condition of controls (right hand) from the tapping condition in patients (CRPS-affected side [ie, right hand]). Brain sections are referred to by the superior-inferior level in millimeters relative to a line through the anterior and posterior commissure. Z-score indicates level of significance. B, Contrast map of the GLM calculated by subtracting the tapping condition on the unaffected side (ie, left hand) from the affected side (ie, right hand) in patients with CRPS. Brain sections are referred to by the superior-inferior level in millimeters relative to a line through the anterior and posterior commissure. Z-score indicates level of significance. C, Implementation of the individual degrees of motor impairment (z-values of tapping frequencies [ie, values of the individual maximum tapping frequencies normalized to the mean maximum tapping frequencies of controls]) as regressors in the GLM model for the condition "tapping on the CRPS-affected side." With this approach, brain areas correlating with the degree of motor impairment are isolated. Key areas of activations are indicated according to the following abbreviations: SFC indicates superior frontal cortex; MFC, middle frontal cortex; IFC, inferior frontal cortex; AIP, anterior intraparietal area, MIP, medial intraparietal area; mtc, middle temporal cortex; loc, lateral occipital complex. Reprinted with permission of Oxford University Press from Maiho ¨fner et al. 48
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- Authors
- Schwenkreis, P., Maier, C., & Tegenthoff, M.
- Affiliations
- BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil Bochum (DE)
- Venue
- American Journal of Neuroradiology
- Published
- 2009-04-22
- Volume
- 30
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 1279-1284
- ISSN
- 0195-6108 (ISSN-L)
- 1936-959X
- PMC
- PMC7051570
- OpenAlex
- W2118629794
- Cited by
- 89
- References
- 53
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 1.14
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- American Journal of Neuroradiology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine › Pain Management and Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Pain Mechanisms and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery
- Keywords
- complex regional pain syndrome, central nervous system involvement, nociception, chronic pain, neurorehabilitation, tactile processing
- MeSH terms
- Brain, Brain Mapping, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Models, Neurological, Complex Regional Pain Syndromes
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