Chemical composition, antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of Phytolacca americana L. Fruits and leaves extracts
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The study aimed to investigate the chemical composition, antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of alcoholic extracts obtained from Phytolacca americana leaves and berries.The total phenols, flavonoids (spectrophotometric method, HPLC), carotenoids, betalains, saponins, antioxidant activity (ABTS and DPPH methods) and antimicrobial activity of P. americana were assayed.The highest content of phenols (323.80 µg/mL extract), flavonoids (9.27 µg/mL extract) and saponins (1.61mg/mL extract) was obtained for P. americana leaves extract.The HPLC analysis performed in this study fills an important knowledge gap regarding the profile of Phytolacca phenolic compounds.The P. americana extracts exhibited a selective antimicrobial effect against Gram positive and Gram negative bacterial strains and yeasts (Candida sp).Minimum inhibitory concentrations ranged from 25 -200 µL/mL, the fruits extracts proving to be the most active, probably due to higher amount of betacyannins (76.11% from the total betalains content). RezumatStudiul a avut ca scop investigarea compoziției chimice, precum și a activității antimicrobiene și antioxidante a extractelor alcoolice obținute din frunze și fructe de Phytolacca americana.Au fost determinate concentrațiile de fenoli totali, flavonoide (metoda spectrofotometrică și HPLC), betalaine, carotenoide, saponine, și activitatea antioxidantă (ABTS şi DPPH) și anti-microbiană.Cele mai mari concentrații de fenoli, (323,80 µg/mL extract), flavonoide (9,27 µg/mL extract) și saponine (1,61 mg/mL extract) au fost obținute în cazul extractului de frunze de P. americana.Analiza HPLC efectuată în acest studiu completează lipsa de date referitoare la profilul compușilor fenolici ai speciei P. americana.Extractele de P. americana au prezentat un efect antimicrobian selectiv împotriva tulpinilor bacteriene Gram pozitive și Gram negative și levurice (Candida sp).Concentrațiile minime inhibitorii au variat între 25 și 200 µL/mL, extractul din fructe dovedindu-se a fi mai activ, probabil datorită conținutului mai mare de betacianine (76,11% din total de betalaine).
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Phytolacca americana biomass contains phenolic compounds, flavonoids, saponins, betalains, and carotenoids, which are responsible for its characteristic coloration and antioxidant properties.
“Previous studies have reported that its biomass contains phenolic compounds, flavonoids, saponins, betalains, and carotenoids, which are responsible for its characteristic coloration and antioxidant properties [29].”
From Biocompound and Lake Pigment Extraction from Invasive Alien Plant Biomass for Sustainable Ink Applications (2026) · cites this paper as [29]
The Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity section (Table I; page not provided) reports all five compound groups in P. americana fruit and leaf extracts and measures their antioxidant activity. It correlates antioxidant activity with phenols, flavonoids and carotenoids, but does not establish that all five groups cause it or that they are responsible for the plant’s characteristic coloration. (LLM, conf=0.87)
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- Authors
- MARINAŞ, I. C.
- Venue
- FARMACIA
- Published
- 2021-10-30
- Volume
- 69
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 883-889
- ISSN
- 0014-8237 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3209919523
- Cited by
- 21
- References
- 20
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 3
- FWCI
- 1.79
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Locations
- FARMACIA (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Essential Oils and Antimicrobial Activity
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Medicinal Plant Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry › Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities
- Keywords
- Phytolacca americana, antimicrobial activity, antioxidant activity, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, saponins, betalains, carotenoids, alcoholic plant extract, leaves, berries, Candida, Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria, minimum inhibitory concentration, phytochemical composition, DPPH assay
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