Effect of Group Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on Body Image and Self-compassion of Women Undergoing Dialysis: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Open accessAbstract
Objectives Dialysis for the treatment of chronic kidney failure has negative effects on the quality of life, daily activities, lifestyle, and physical, mental, and social health. The present study aims to assess the effect of group acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on the body image and self-compassion of women undergoing dialysis. Methods This is a quasi-experimental study (randomized clinical trial) with a pre-test/post-test/follow-up design. The study population consisted of all women receiving dialysis who were referred to the Dialysis Patients Support Association in Khorasan Razavi, Iran, in 2021-2022. Of these, 30 were selected by a convenience sampling method and were randomly assigned to two groups of intervention and control. The intervention group received group ACT at 10 sessions each for 120 minutes, while the control group received no intervention. Both groups completed the Body Image Concern Inventory and the Self-Compassion Scale in the pre-test, post-test, and two-month follow-up phases. The data were analyzed using the repeated measures analysis of variance in SPSS software, version 25. Results The intervention group showed a significant improvement in body image (F=39.271, P=0.001) and self-compassion (F=7.342, P=0.001) in the post-test phase compared to the control group, which remained stable in the two-month follow-up. Conclusion The group ACT can be a suitable method to increase body image satisfaction and self-compassion in women undergoing dialysis.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Attendance and retention rates among SCI participants were notably high, comparable to those observed in a mindfulness trial with individuals experiencing recent onset psychosis.
“However, the attendance and retention rates among SCI participants were notably high, comparable to those observed in a mindfulness trial with individuals experiencing recent onset psychosis [36].”
From Mindfulness- and acceptance-based interventions for people with spinal cord injury: a scoping review. (2025) · cites this paper as [36]
The Methods section (page not supplied) describes a trial of group acceptance and commitment therapy with 30 women undergoing dialysis, not a mindfulness trial involving people with recent-onset psychosis. The cited paper therefore cannot be the trial identified in the comparison, and the supplied passages do not report SCI attendance or retention rates. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Checked by a reasoning model — may be wrong.
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Yaşlı Kadınlarda Üreme Sağlığı
Kokanalı, D., & Engin Üstün, Y. (n.d.) · DergiPark (Istanbul University) · Cited by 170,090 · see citing works
The Development and Validation of a Scale to Measure Self-Compassion
NEFF, K. D. (2003) · Self and Identity · doi:10.1080/15298860309027 · Cited by 6,436 · cited 1× · see citing works
“The ability to have self-compassion, on the other hand, shows self-kindness in difficult situations, recognizing one’s shared humanity, and being mindful when exposed to negative thoughts and emotions [16].”
BackgroundPrevalence and Disease Burden of Chronic Kidney Disease
Lv, J., & Zhang, L. (2019) · Advances in experimental medicine and biology · doi:10.1007/978-981-13-8871-2_1 · Cited by 1,119 · see citing works
James, S. L., Lucchesi, L. R., Bisignano, C., Castle, C. D., Dingels, Z. V., Fox, J. T., Hamilton, E. B., Henry, N. J., Krohn, K. J., Liu, Z., et al. (2020) · Injury Prevention · doi:10.1136/injuryprev-2019-043286 · Cited by 571 · see citing works
Lameire, N. H., Levin, A., Kellum, J. A., Cheung, M., Jadoul, M. Y., Winkelmayer, W. C., Stevens, P. E., Caskey, F. J., Farmer, C., Fuentes, A. F., et al. (2021) · Kidney International · doi:10.1016/j.kint.2021.06.028 · Cited by 548 · see citing works
Body Image: Understanding Body Dissatisfaction in Men, Women, and Children
Grogan, S. (2021) · doi:10.4324/9781003100041 · Cited by 294 · see citing works
Development of the body image concern inventory.
Littleton, H., Axsom, D., & Pury, C. L. S. (2005) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2003.12.006 · Cited by 286 · see citing works
Türk, F., & Waller, G. (2020) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2020.101856 · Cited by 257 · see citing works
The impact on quality of life of dialysis patients with renal insufficiency
Dąbrowska-Bender, M., Dykowska, G., Żuk, W., Milewska, M., & Staniszewska, A. (2018) · Patient Preference and Adherence · doi:10.2147/ppa.s156356 · Cited by 146 · see citing works
Pearson, A. N., Follette, V. M., & Hayes, S. C. (2012) · Cognitive and Behavioral Practice · doi:10.1016/j.cbpra.2011.03.001 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Griffiths, C., Williamson, H., Zucchelli, F., Paraskeva, N., & Moss, T. (2018) · Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy · doi:10.1007/s10879-018-9384-0 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Quality of life in patients on chronic dialysis in South Africa: a comparative mixed methods study
Tannor, E. K., Archer, E., Kapembwa, K., Schalkwyk, S. C. V., & Davids, M. R. (2017) · BMC Nephrology · doi:10.1186/s12882-016-0425-1 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Fogelkvist, M., Gustafsson, S. A., Kjellin, L., & Parling, T. (2020) · Body Image · doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2020.01.002 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Seekis, V., Bradley, G. L., & Duffy, A. L. (2020) · Body Image · doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2020.07.006 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Ferrari, M., Ciarrochi, J., Yap, K., Sahdra, B. K., & Hayes, S. C. (2022) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-022-01897-5 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Body-image disturbance in adult dialysis patients
Partridge, K. A., & Robertson, N. (2010) · Disability and Rehabilitation · doi:10.3109/09638288.2010.498556 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Ong, C. W., Barney, J. L., Barrett, T. S., Lee, E. B., Levin, M. E., & Twohig, M. P. (2019) · Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science · doi:10.1016/j.jcbs.2019.06.005 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Health‐related quality of life in peritoneal dialysis patients: A narrative review
de Aguiar, R. C., Pei, M., Qureshi, A. R., & Lindholm, B. (2018) · Seminars in Dialysis · doi:10.1111/sdi.12770 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Cutaneous Manifestations of Chronic Kidney Disease, Dialysis and Post-Renal Transplant
Goel, V., Sil, A., & Das, A. (2021) · Indian Journal of Dermatology · doi:10.4103/ijd.ijd_502_20 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Perspectives on mental health among patients receiving dialysis
Nataatmadja, M., Evangelidis, N., Manera, K., Cho, Y., Johnson, D. W., Craig, J. C., Baumgart, A., Hanson, C. S., Shen, J. I., Guha, C., et al. (2020) · Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation · doi:10.1093/ndt/gfaa346 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Zucchelli, F., Donnelly, O., Williamson, H., & Hooper, N. (2018) · Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy · doi:10.1891/0889-8391.32.3.171 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Givehki, R., Afshar, H., Goli, F., Scheidt, C. E., Omidi, A., & Davoudi, M. (2018) · Electronic physician · doi:10.19082/7008 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Compassion focused therapy for anger: A pilot study of a group intervention for veterans with PTSD
Grodin, J. P., Clark, J. L., Kolts, R., & Lovejoy, T. (2019) · Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science · doi:10.1016/j.jcbs.2019.06.004 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Self-compassion in Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for chronic pain: A pilot study
Carvalho, S. A., Gillanders, D., Forte, T., Trindade, I. A., Pinto-Gouveia, J., Lapa, T., Valentim, A., Santos, E., Paciência, J., Guiomar, R., et al. (2022) · Scandinavian Journal of Pain · doi:10.1515/sjpain-2021-0214 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Moran, D. J., & Ming, S. (2020) · Behavior Analysis in Practice · doi:10.1007/s40617-020-00441-y · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Roohi, R., Kerman Branch, I. A. U., Soltani, A. A., Department of Psychology, K. B., Zinedine Meimand, Z., Department of Psychology, K. B., Razavi Nematollahi, V., & Department of Psychology, K. B. (2019) · Quarterly Journal of Child Mental Health · doi:10.29252/jcmh.6.3.16 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Acceptance and Commitment Approaches for Athletes’ Wellbeing and Performance
White, R. G., Bethell, A., Charnock, L., Leckey, S., & Penpraze, V. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-64942-5 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Amini, P., & Nejad, R. K. (2021) · طلوع بهداشت یزد · doi:10.18502/tbj.v20i1.6186 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Azari, S., Kiani, G., & Hejazi, M. (2020) · مجله علمی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی رفسنجان · doi:10.29252/jrums.19.6.555 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
محمدی, ن., & نژاد, م. ا. س. (2007) · DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) · doi:10.22051/psy.2007.1650 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Moradi, F., Ghadiri‐Anari, A., Dehghani, A., Vaziri, S. R., & Enjezab, B. (2020) · International Journal of Reproductive BioMedicine (IJRM) · doi:10.18502/ijrm.v18i12.8143 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Güçer, B. K., & Kantarcı, G. (2020) · Turkish Journal of Nephrology · doi:10.5152/turkjnephrol.2020.3601 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Innovational Journal of Nursing and Healthcare
(2018) · Innovational Journal of Nursing and Healthcare · doi:10.31690/ijnh · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Mehryar, M. (2020) · Journal of Gerontology · doi:10.29252/joge.4.3.21 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Khamoshi Ghalenoei, S., Neyshabur Branch, I. A. U., Mansouri, A., & Neyshabur Branch, I. A. U. (2020) · Research on Addiction · doi:10.29252/etiadpajohi.14.57.237 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Farokhi, S., Rezaei, F., & Gholamrezaei, S. (2018) · DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) · doi:10.22108/ppls.2018.111042.1420 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
اثربخشی درمان مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد بر رفتارهای خودمراقبتی و پیروی از درمان در بیماران دیالیزی
کریمی, ش., منش, ف. م., عسگری, پ., & بختیارپور, س. (2020) · مجله دانشکده پزشکی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد · doi:10.22038/mjms.2020.16892 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
1 of the 38 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Research works printed but not linked: 16
- Narimani M, Ghasemkhanlo A, Sabri V. [The comparison of self-compassion, anxiety and depression in patients with chronic pain and normal people (Persian)]. Journal of Anesthesiology and Pain. 2020; 11(3):57-65. [Link]
- Sasani K, Seirafi M, Meschi F, Sarami G, Peymani J. [Modeling of health-related quality of life based on self-approach to body image by mediating of self-compassion and shame in overweight and obese people (Persian)]. Iranian Journal of Nursing Research. 2020; 14(6):78-87. [Link]
- Rostami M, Fatollahzadeh N, Saadati N. [The effectiveness of acceptance and commitment training on improving the quality of life and self-compassion of the mothers of educable disabled chil- dren (Persian)]. Journal of Psychological Studies. 2016; 12(3):103- 22. [Link]
- Pourfarahani M, Barabadi HA, Heydarnia A. [The effective- ness of acceptance and commitment group therapy in the social anxiety of adolescent orphan girls (Persian)]. Quarterly Journal of Social Work. 2019, 8(4):5-13. [Link]
- Ebrahimi Z, Azizi Z. Investigating the effectiveness of Transcra- nial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) on the treatment of anxiety disorder in chronic renal dialysis patients. Journal of Research in Psychopathology. 2022; 3(8):19-25. [Link]
- Sarizadeh MS, Rafienia P, Sabahi P, Tamaddon M. [The effec- tiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on hemodialy- sis patients' quality of life: A randomized educational trial study (Persian)]. Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences. 2018; 17(3):241-52. [Link]
- Basaknejad S, Ghafari M. The relationship between fear of body dysmorphia and psychological disorders of university students. Journal of Behavioral Sciences. 2007; 2:179-87. [Link]
- KHosravi S, Sadeghi M, Yabandeh MR. [Psychometric proper- ties of self-compassion scale (SCS) (Persian)]. Journal of Psycho- logical Methods and Models. 2013; 4(13):47-59. [Link]
- Shahbazi M, Rajabi G, Maghami E, Jeloudari A. [Confirmatory factor structure of the Persian version of the Revised Compassion Rating Scale in a group of Prisoners (Persian)]. Sychological Meth- ods and Models. 2014; 6(19):31-46. [Link]
- Mohammadalipour Z, Rasoli M, Asadpour E, Zahrakar K. [The effectiveness of group counseling based on acceptance and com- mitment therapy on body image and self-esteem of female uni- versity students (Persian)]. Journal of Applied Psychology. 2020; 14(2):51-75. [Link]
- Mohammadi Z, Atashpour SH, Golparvar M. [Differential effects of existentialism acceptance and commitment therapy and compassion-focused therapy on psychological capital and self-compassion (Persian)]. Positive Psychology Research. 2022; 8(3):99-120. [DOI:10.22108/PPLS.2022.132212.2255] · DOI
- Mohammadizadeh S, Khalatbari J, Ahadi H, Hatami HR. [Ef- fectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on perceived stress, body image and quality of life in women with breast cancer (Persian)]. Journal of Social Psychology. 2021; 8(57):87-100. [Link]
- Rahmanian M, Nejatali R, Oraki M. [The effectiveness of Ac- ceptance and Commitment Therapy in cognitive emotion regula- tion and concerns of body image in females with Bulimia Ner- vosa (Persian)]. Journal of Health Promotion Management. 2018; 7(4):33-40. [Link]
- Ghafari Jahed Z, Amini N, Deyreh E, Mirzaei K. [The effective- ness of commitment and admission approach on irrational belief and physical image in patients suffering from irritable bowel syndrom (Persian)]. Scientific Journal of Social Psychology. 2021; 9(59):1-3. [Link]
- Ghafari-Jam M, Mahmoodfakheh H, Mostafaee A. [Effective- ness of acceptance and commitment-based therapy on self-com- passion and self-worth in the children of self-reported drug ad- dicts (Persian)]. Navid No, 2021; 24(77):84-97. [Link]
- Roohi R, Soltani A, Zeinodini Z, Nematollah VS. [Effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on self-compassion and distress tolerance in students with social anxiety disorder (Per- sian)]. Middle Eastern Journal of Disability Studies. 2019; 8:63. [Link]
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Li, M., Lo, W. Y., Hu, Y., Wang, S., Sun, T.-C., Temesgen, W. A., He, M., & Li, Y. (2025) · Spinal Cord · doi:10.1038/s41393-025-01068-y · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Ramezani, M., Dehghani, M., Minaei-Moghadam, S., & Abdollahpour, S. (2025) · Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics & Gynecology · doi:10.1080/0167482x.2025.2500928
- Authors
- Department of Educational Sciences, F. O. E. S. A. P., Pourfarahani, M., Shareh, H., Department of Educational Sciences, F. O. L. A. H., Haji Arbabi, F., & Department of Educational Sciences, F. O. E. S. A. P.
- Affiliations
- Islamic Azad University, Mashhad (IR)
- Hakim Sabzevari University (IR)
- ORCID
- Shareh, Hossein
- Venue
- Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology
- Publisher
- Negah Scientific Publisher
- Published
- 2023-04-01
- Volume
- 29
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 2-17
- ISSN
- 1735-4315 (ISSN-L)
- 2228-7515
- OpenAlex
- W4387715198
- Cited by
- 2
- References
- 38
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2
- FWCI
- 0.58
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc
- Locations
- Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Funders
- Islamic Azad University
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Nephrology › Dialysis and Renal Disease Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer survivorship and care
- Keywords
- acceptance and commitment therapy, group therapy, body image, self-compassion, dialysis, women, chronic kidney failure, psychological intervention
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
