Epidemiology of Salmonella enterica Serotype Typhi Infections in Korea for Recent 9 Years: Trends of Antimicrobial Resistance
Open accessAbstract
The aim of this study is to characterize the epidemiological features of typhoid fever, categorized as class 1 notifiable disease in Korea and to analyze the recent change of antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi isolated nationwide. We retrospectively analyzed the 1,692 culture-proven cases from 1992 to 2000, using the data of the Korean National Institute of Health. The overall incidence of culture-proven typhoid fever was 0.41 per 100,000 population. It occurred all over the country, but the southeastern part of Korean peninsula had the higher incidence rate than other areas. There were several outbreaks suspected, of which two outbreaks were confirmed. The resistance rate against chloramphenicol showed mild increase, but the ampicillin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, kanamycin, or nalidixic acid resistance remained at the similar levels for the past 9 yr. There were 21 (1.3%) multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains isolated since 1992, and the number of those has increased. Two strains resistant to ciprofloxacin were first identified in Korea.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Although the overall incidence of typhoid fever is decreasing in Korea, typhoid fever introduced from other countries has increased owing to increases in travel to other countries and foreign nationals living in Korea.
“Although its incidence is on a decreasing trend, typhoid fever introduced from other countries has increased owing to increases in travels to other countries and foreign nationals living in Korea [5].”
From Guideline for the Antibiotic Use in Acute Gastroenteritis (2019) · cites this paper as [5]
The Introduction and Discussion report that typhoid fever incidence in Korea declined markedly from the 1970s to the 1990s. The paper does not report an increase in cases introduced from other countries or attribute one to travel or foreign nationals living in Korea. Its Discussion says incidence fluctuated during 1992–2000, rather than showing a steady decline in that period. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Statistical Methods in Medical Research.
Armitage, P. (1972) · Biometrics · doi:10.2307/2556182 · Cited by 5,383 · see citing works
Antimicrobial resistance in developing countries
Hart, C. A., & Kariuki, S. (1998) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.317.7159.647 · Cited by 745 · see citing works
Multidrug-Resistant Salmonella typhi: A Worldwide Epidemic
Rowe, B., Ward, L. R., & Threlfall, E. J. (1997) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/clinids/24.supplement_1.s106 · Cited by 407 · see citing works
Laboratory-Based Surveillance of Salmonella Serotype Typhi Infections in the United States
Ackers, M., Puhr, N. D., Tauxe, R. V., et al. (2000) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.283.20.2668 · Cited by 224 · see citing works
Ciprofloxacin-resistant Salmonella typhi and treatment failure
Threlfall, E. J., Lr, W., Skinner, J. A., Smith, H. G., & Lacey, S. (1999) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(99)01001-6 · Cited by 168 · see citing works
Decreased Susceptibility to Ciprofloxacin inSalmonella entericaserotype Typhi, United Kingdom
Threlfall, E. J., & Ward, L. R. (2001) · Emerging infectious diseases · doi:10.3201/eid0703.010315 · Cited by 148 · see citing works
Emerging Quinolone-Resistant Salmonella in the United States
Herikstad, H., Hayes, P. S., Mokhtar, M., et al. (1997) · Emerging infectious diseases · doi:10.3201/eid0303.970316 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Decreased Susceptibility to Ciprofloxacin inSalmonella entericaserotype Typhi, United Kingdom
Threlfall, E. J., & Ward, L. R. (2001) · Emerging infectious diseases · doi:10.3201/eid0703.017315 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Mirza, S., Kariuki, S., Mamun, K. Z., et al. (2000) · Journal of Clinical Microbiology · doi:10.1128/jcm.38.4.1449-1452.2000 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Analysis of Salmonella typhi isolates from Southeast Asia by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis
Thong, K. L., Puthucheary, S. D., Yassin, R. M., et al. (1995) · Journal of Clinical Microbiology · doi:10.1128/jcm.33.7.1938-1941.1995 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Shanahan, P. M. A., Jesudason, M. V., Thomson, C. J., et al. (1998) · Journal of Clinical Microbiology · doi:10.1128/jcm.36.6.1595-1600.1998 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Multidrug-resistant Salmonella typhi in India
Chitnis, V., Chitnis, D., Verma, S., et al. (1999) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(05)75549-5 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Connerton, P. L., Wain, J. R., Hien, T. T., et al. (2000) · Journal of Clinical Microbiology · doi:10.1128/jcm.38.2.895-897.2000 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Molecular Fingerprinting of Multidrug-Resistant Salmonella enterica Serotype Typhi
Hampton, M. D., Ward, L. R., Rowe, B., et al. (1998) · Emerging infectious diseases · doi:10.3201/eid0402.980223 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Pai, H., Byeon, J.-H., Yu, S., et al. (2003) · Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1128/aac.47.6.2006-2008.2003 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Self-citationCurrent status of drug resistance & phage types of Salmonella typhi in India.
Pillai, P. K., & Prakash, K. P. (1993) · PubMed · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Enteric Fever Treatment Failures—Reply to Drs. Chandel and Chaudhry
Threlfall, E. J., & Ward, L. R. (2001) · Emerging infectious diseases · doi:10.3201/eid0704.010437 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
An Epidemiologic Investigation of Typhoid Fever Outbreak in Pusan, 1996.
Hr, S., Bs, S., Jb, S., Dh, L., Lee, M., Jh, P., Ms, K., Yh, S., Lee, S. W. Y., & Ohrr, H. (1997) · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- [6]Performance standards for antimicrobial disk susceptibility test Standards NCfCL 1984 Vol. 4 369 406
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Kim, S. (2010) · Journal of Korean Medical Science · doi:10.3346/jkms.2010.25.12.1693 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Self-citationGuideline for the Antibiotic Use in Acute Gastroenteritis
Kim, Y. J., Park, K.-H., Park, D.-A., Park, J., Bang, B. W., Lee, S. S., Lee, E. J., Lee, H.-J., Hong, S. K., & Kim, Y. R. (2019) · Infection & Chemotherapy · doi:10.3947/ic.2019.51.2.217 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Clinical Guideline for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Infections
The Korean Society of Infectious Diseases, Korean Society for Chemotherapy, & The Korean Society of Clinical Microbiology (2010) · Infection and Chemotherapy · doi:10.3947/ic.2010.42.6.323 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
- Authors
- Yoo, S., Pai, H., Byeon, J.-H., Kang, Y. H., Kim, S., & Lee, B. K.
- Affiliations
- Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital (KR)
- Hanyang University (KR)
- Korea National Institute of Health (KR)
- Corresponding author
- Pai, Hyunjoo
- Venue
- Journal of Korean Medical Science
- Publisher
- XMLink
- Published
- 2004
- Volume
- 19
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 15
- ISSN
- 1011-8934 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2822255
- OpenAlex
- W2099629209
- Cited by
- 29
- References
- 18
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2019: 3 · 2015: 2 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 4.18
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Korean Medical Science (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Medicine › Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Microbiology › Bacterial Infections and Vaccines
- Keywords
- Salmonella typhi, typhoid fever, antimicrobial resistance, multidrug resistance, ciprofloxacin resistance, chloramphenicol resistance, ampicillin resistance, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole resistance, kanamycin resistance, nalidixic acid resistance, typhoid outbreak, incidence trends, Korea
- MeSH terms
- Ampicillin, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Chloramphenicol, Drug Resistance, Microbial, Humans, Kanamycin, Korea, Nalidixic Acid, Retrospective Studies, Salmonella Infections, Seasons, Serotyping, Time Factors, Trimethoprim, Drug Resistance, Multiple, Salmonella enterica
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
