Towards a sustainable solution for school menstrual hygiene management: cases of Ethiopia, Uganda, South-Sudan, Tanzania, and Zimbabwe
Abstract
African schoolgirls face considerable challenges as a result of the real biological phenomenon of menstruation and its management. Menstruation is seen as a secret and is regarded as taboo. As a result girls are not receiving adequate support from home, schools, or the community. They are left on their own to address the challenge which consequently affects their school performance. Development interventions that deal only with the supply of materials cannot resolve the problem in a sustainable manner. We need to have a comprehensive approach that can improve: knowledge, attitude, and practice of girls, parents, and the community; sanitary materials supply; the policy environment; and the physical infrastructure. The issue of menstrual hygiene management is gaining recognition as part of the development agenda for improving girls' school participation. But there is little research and few practical case studies have been conducted to inform policy and practice. SNV Netherlands Development Organization is addressing menstrual hygiene under its WASH in School programme in Asia, Africa, and Latin America. This article highlights baseline survey findings of the current menstrual hygiene management practices in the project areas of Ethiopia, South Sudan, Uganda, Tanzania, and Zimbabwe and recommends the approach piloted.
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Some studies reported that girls who did not receive any information about menstruation before menarche were more stigmatised about menstruation, contributing to a culture of shame among them.
“Some studies reported that girls who did not receive any information about menstruation before menarche were more stigmatised about menstruation contributing to a culture of shame among them.40–42”
From Menstrual hygiene management among Bangladeshi adolescent schoolgirls and risk factors affecting school absence: results from a cross-sectional survey (2017) · cites this paper as [41]
For many women and girls, especially those in low and middle-income countries, menstruation presents numerous challenges including discriminatory attitudes, beliefs, social norms and taboos; lack of access to affordable and effective menstrual hygiene materials; and lack of access to appropriate WASH facilities.
“However for many women and girls, especially those in low and middle-income countries, menstruation presents numerous challenges. These include: discriminatory attitudes, beliefs, social norms and taboos relating to menstruation; lack of access to affordable and effective menstrual hygiene materials; and lack of access to appropriate water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) facilities [2–7].”
From A qualitative exploration of menstruation-related restrictive practices in Fiji, Solomon Islands and Papua New Guinea (2018) · cites this paper as [6]
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- Authors
- Murat Sahin, M. S., Selamawit Tamiru, S. T., Kuribachew Mamo, K. M., Pasquina Acidria, P. A., Rozalia Mushi, R. M., Chemisto Satya Ali, C. S. A., & Lindiwe Ndebele, L. N.
- Venue
- Waterlines
- Publisher
- Practical Action Publishing
- Published
- 2015-01-01
- Volume
- 34
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 92-102
- ISSN
- 0262-8104 (ISSN-L)
- 1756-3488
- OpenAlex
- W2120313467
- Cited by
- 70
- References
- 3
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 2 · 2015: 1
- FWCI
- 1.79
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Waterlines (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Menstrual Health and Disorders
- Social Sciences › Education › Gender, Education, and Development Issues
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Speech and Hearing › School Health and Nursing Education
- Keywords
- menstrual hygiene management, female students, school sanitation, menstrual taboos, knowledge, attitudes and practices, WASH in schools, baseline survey, Ethiopia, Uganda, South Sudan, Tanzania, Zimbabwe
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