Reprogramming cell fate: a changing story
Open accessAbstract
Direct reprogramming of adult, lineage-determined cells from one cell fate to another has long been an elusive goal in developmental biology. Recent studies have demonstrated that forced expression of lineage-specific transcription factors in various differentiated cell types can promote the adoption of different lineages. These seminal findings have the potential to revolutionize the field of regenerative medicine by providing replacement cells for various degenerative disorders. Current reprogramming protocols, however, are inefficient in that relatively few cells in a given population can be made to undergo reprogramming and the completeness and extent of reprogramming that occurs has been questioned. At present, the fundamental molecular mechanisms involved are still being elucidated. Although the potential clinical applications are extensive, these issues will need to be addressed before direct reprogramming may be used clinically. This review will give an overview of pioneering studies in the field, will describe what is known about direct reprogramming to specific lineage types, will summarize what is known about the molecular mechanisms involved in reprogramming and will discuss challenges for the future.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The reprogramming process is generally considered to work better when starting cells share similar embryonic germ-layer origins.
“the reprogramming process is generally considered to work better when starting cells share similar embryonic germ‐layer origins.[ 5 ]”
From Sweat Gland Organoids Originating from Reprogrammed Epidermal Keratinocytes Functionally Recapitulated Damaged Skin (2021) · cites this paper as [5]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
1 retracted
Liang, Q., Fujita, R., Yamashita, T., Angulo, S. L., Rhinn, H., Rhee, D. B., Doege, C. A., Chau, L., Aubry, L., Vanti, W. B., et al. (2011) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2011.07.007 · Cited by 230 · see citing works
RetractedTakahashi, K., & Yamanaka, S. (2006) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2006.07.024 · Cited by 26,673 · see citing works
Expression of a single transfected cDNA converts fibroblasts to myoblasts
Davis, R. L., Weintraub, H. M., & Lassar, A. B. (1987) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(87)90585-x · Cited by 3,388 · see citing works
Direct conversion of fibroblasts to functional neurons by defined factors
Vierbuchen, T., Ostermeier, A., Pang, Z. P., Kokubu, Y., Südhof, T. C., & Wernig, M. (2010) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature08797 · Cited by 3,017 · see citing works
Direct reprogramming of fibroblasts into functional cardiomyocytes by defined factors
Ieda, M., Fu, J.-D., Delgado-Olguin, P., Vedantham, V., Hayashi, Y., Bruneau, B. G., & Srivastava, D. (2010) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2010.07.002 · Cited by 2,454 · see citing works
Epigenetic memory in induced pluripotent stem cells
Kim, K., Doi, A., Wen, B., Ng, K., Zhao, R., Cahan, P., Kim, J., Aryee, M., Ji, H., Ehrlich, L., et al. (2010) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature09342 · Cited by 2,429 · see citing works
Full-term development of mice from enucleated oocytes injected with cumulus cell nuclei
Wakayama, T., Perry, A. C. F., Zuccotti, M., Johnson, K. R., & Yanagimachi, R. (1998) · Nature · doi:10.1038/28615 · Cited by 2,250 · see citing works
In vivo reprogramming of adult pancreatic exocrine cells to β-cells
Zhou, Q., Brown, J., Kanarek, A., Rajagopal, J., & Melton, D. A. (2008) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature07314 · Cited by 2,010 · see citing works
Sheep cloned by nuclear transfer from a cultured cell line
Campbell, K., McWhir, J., Ritchie, W. A., & Wilmut, I. (1996) · Nature · doi:10.1038/380064a0 · Cited by 1,845 · see citing works
Chemically defined generation of human cardiomyocytes
Burridge, P. W., Matsa, E., Shukla, P., Lin, Z. C., Churko, J. M., Ebert, A. D., Lan, F., Diecke, S., Huber, B., Mordwinkin, N. M., et al. (2014) · Nature Methods · doi:10.1038/nmeth.2999 · Cited by 1,606 · see citing works
Pioneer transcription factors: establishing competence for gene expression
Zaret, K. S., & Carroll, J. S. (2011) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.176826.111 · Cited by 1,589 · see citing works
miR-145 and miR-143 regulate smooth muscle cell fate and plasticity
Cordes, K. R., Sheehy, N. T., White, M. P., Berry, E. C., Morton, S. U., Muth, A. N., Lee, T.-H., Miano, J. M., Ivey, K. N., & Srivastava, D. (2009) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature08195 · Cited by 1,585 · see citing works
In vivo reprogramming of murine cardiac fibroblasts into induced cardiomyocytes
Li, Q., Huang, Y., Spencer, C. I., Foley, A., Vedantham, V., Liu, L., Conway, S. J., Fu, J., & Srivastava, D. (2012) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature11044 · Cited by 1,353 · see citing works
Induction of human neuronal cells by defined transcription factors
Pang, Z. P., Yang, N., Vierbuchen, T., Ostermeier, A., Fuentes, D., Yang, T. Q., Citri, A., Sebastiano, V., Marro, S. G., Südhof, T. C., et al. (2011) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature10202 · Cited by 1,249 · see citing works
Polo, J. M., Liu, S. X., Figueroa, M. E., Kulalert, W., Eminli, S., Tan, K. Y., Apostolou, E., Stadtfeld, M., Li, Y., Shioda, T., et al. (2010) · Nature Biotechnology · doi:10.1038/nbt.1667 · Cited by 1,194 · see citing works
The promise of induced pluripotent stem cells in research and therapy
Robinton, D., & Daley, G. (2012) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature10761 · Cited by 1,152 · see citing works
Heart repair by reprogramming non-myocytes with cardiac transcription factors
Song, K., Nam, Y., Luo, X., Qi, X., Tan, W. H., Huang, G. N., Acharya, A., Smith, C. L., Tallquist, M. D., Neilson, E. G., et al. (2012) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature11139 · Cited by 1,141 · see citing works
Multiple new phenotypes induced in and 3T3 cells treated with 5-azacytidine
Taylor, S. M., & Jones, P. A. (1979) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(79)90317-9 · Cited by 1,114 · see citing works
Stepwise reprogramming of B cells into macrophages.
Xie, H.-F., Ye, M., Feng, R., & Graf, T. (2004) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(04)00419-2 · Cited by 1,030 · see citing works
Direct generation of functional dopaminergic neurons from mouse and human fibroblasts
Caiazzo, M., Dell’Anno, M. T., Dvoretskova, E., Lazarević, D., Taverna, S., Leo, D., Sotnikova, T. D., Menegon, A., Roncaglia, P., Colciago, G., et al. (2011) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature10284 · Cited by 1,009 · see citing works
Direct cell reprogramming is a stochastic process amenable to acceleration
Hanna, J. H., Saha, K., Pando, B., van Zon, J. S., Lengner, C. J., Creyghton, M. P., van Oudenaarden, A., & Jaenisch, R. (2009) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature08592 · Cited by 1,006 · see citing works
Weintraub, H. M., Tapscott, S. J., Davis, R. L., Thayer, M. J., Adam, M. A., Lassar, A. B., & Miller, A. D. (1989) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.86.14.5434 · Cited by 985 · see citing works
MicroRNA-mediated conversion of human fibroblasts to neurons
Yoo, A. S., Sun, A. X., Li, L., Shcheglovitov, A., Portmann, T., Li, Y., Lee-Messer, C., Dolmetsch, R. E., Tsien, R. W., & Crabtree, G. R. (2011) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature10323 · Cited by 919 · see citing works
Induction of functional hepatocyte-like cells from mouse fibroblasts by defined factors
Huang, P., He, Z., Ji, S., Sun, H., Xiang, D., Liu, C., Hu, Y., Wang, X., & Hui, L. (2011) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature10116 · Cited by 864 · see citing works
Cytoplasmic activation of human nuclear genes in stable heterocaryons
Blau, H. M., Chiu, C., & Webster, C. (1983) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(83)90300-8 · Cited by 851 · see citing works
Direct conversion of mouse fibroblasts to hepatocyte-like cells by defined factors
Sekiya, S., & Suzuki, A. (2011) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature10263 · Cited by 846 · see citing works
Guo, Z., Zhang, L., Wu, Z., Chen, Y., Wang, F., & Chen, G. (2013) · Cell stem cell · doi:10.1016/j.stem.2013.12.001 · Cited by 830 · see citing works
MicroRNA-Mediated In Vitro and In Vivo Direct Reprogramming of Cardiac Fibroblasts to Cardiomyocytes
Jayawardena, T. M., Egemnazarov, B., Finch, E., Zhang, L., Payne, J., Pandya, K., Zhang, Z., Rosenberg, P. B., Mirotsou, M., & Dzau, V. J. (2012) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/circresaha.112.269035 · Cited by 775 · see citing works
Ferber, S., Halkin, A., Cohen, H., Ber, I., Einav, Y., Goldberg, I., Barshack, I., Seijffers, R., Kopolovic, J., Kaiser, N., et al. (2000) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/75050 · Cited by 745 · see citing works
Direct conversion of human fibroblasts to dopaminergic neurons
Pfisterer, U., Kirkeby, A., Torper, O., Wood, J. C., Nelander, J., Dufour, A., Björklund, A., Lindvall, O., Jakobsson, J., & Parmar, M. (2011) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1105135108 · Cited by 740 · see citing works
Wilson, N. K., Foster, S. D., Wang, X., Knezevic, K., Schütte, J., Kaimakis, P., Chilarska, P. M., Kinston, S., Ouwehand, W. H., Dzierzak, E., et al. (2010) · Cell stem cell · doi:10.1016/j.stem.2010.07.016 · Cited by 728 · see citing works
Pluripotency and Cellular Reprogramming: Facts, Hypotheses, Unresolved Issues
Hanna, J. H., Saha, K., & Jaenisch, R. (2010) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2010.10.008 · Cited by 695 · see citing works
Conversion of Mouse and Human Fibroblasts into Functional Spinal Motor Neurons
Son, E., Ichida, J. K., Wainger, B. J., Toma, J. S., Rafuse, V. F., Woolf, C. J., & Eggan, K. C. (2011) · Cell stem cell · doi:10.1016/j.stem.2011.07.014 · Cited by 629 · see citing works
Conversion of mouse fibroblasts into cardiomyocytes using a direct reprogramming strategy
Efe, J. A., Hilcove, S. A., Kim, J., Zhou, H., Ouyang, K., Wang, G., Chen, J., & Ding, S. (2011) · Nature Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/ncb2164 · Cited by 618 · see citing works
Kim, K., Zhao, R., Doi, A., Ng, K., Unternaehrer, J., Cahan, P., Huo, H., Loh, Y., Aryee, M. J., Lensch, M. W., et al. (2011) · Nature Biotechnology · doi:10.1038/nbt.2052 · Cited by 613 · see citing works
Sexually Mature Individuals of Xenopus laevis from the Transplantation of Single Somatic Nuclei
Gurdon, J. B., Elsdale, T., & Fischberg, M. (1958) · Nature · doi:10.1038/182064a0 · Cited by 609 · see citing works
Reprogramming of human fibroblasts toward a cardiac fate
Nam, Y., Song, K., Luo, X., Daniel, E., Lambeth, K. D., West, K. L., Hill, J. A., DiMaio, J. M., Baker, L. A., Bassel‐Duby, R., et al. (2013) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1301019110 · Cited by 499 · see citing works
Directing Astroglia from the Cerebral Cortex into Subtype Specific Functional Neurons
Heinrich, C., Blum, R., Gascón, S., Masserdotti, G., Tripathi, P., Sánchez, R., Tiedt, S., Schroeder, T., Götz, M., & Berninger, B. (2010) · PLoS Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1000373 · Cited by 490 · see citing works
Direct Reprogramming of Adult Human Fibroblasts to Functional Neurons under Defined Conditions
Ambasudhan, R., Talantova, M. V., Coleman, R., Xu, Y., Zhu, S., Lipton, S. A., & Ding, S. (2011) · Cell stem cell · doi:10.1016/j.stem.2011.07.002 · Cited by 480 · see citing works
PU.1 induces myeloid lineage commitment in multipotent hematopoietic progenitors
Nerlov, C., & Graf, T. (1998) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.12.15.2403 · Cited by 449 · see citing works
Direct conversion of mouse fibroblasts to self-renewing, tripotent neural precursor cells
Lujan, E., Chanda, S., Ahlenius, H., Südhof, T. C., & Wernig, M. (2012) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1121003109 · Cited by 421 · see citing works
Kulessa, H., Frampton, J., & Graf, T. (1995) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.9.10.1250 · Cited by 418 · see citing works
Generation of induced neurons via direct conversion in vivo
Torper, O., Pfisterer, U., Wolf, D. A., Pereira, M., Lau, S., Jakobsson, J., Björklund, A., Grealish, S., & Parmar, M. (2013) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1303829110 · Cited by 412 · see citing works
Silencing chromatin: comparing modes and mechanisms
Beisel, C., & Paro, R. (2011) · Nature reviews genetics · doi:10.1038/nrg2932 · Cited by 378 · see citing works
Transfection of a DNA locus that mediates the conversion of 10T12 fibroblasts to myoblasts
Lassar, A. B., Paterson, B. M., & Weintraub, H. (1986) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(86)90507-6 · Cited by 375 · see citing works
Direct Reprogramming of Human Fibroblasts toward a Cardiomyocyte-like State
Fu, J., Stone, N. R., Liu, L., Spencer, C. I., Li, Q., Hayashi, Y., Delgado-Olguı́n, P., Ding, S., Bruneau, B. G., & Srivastava, D. (2013) · Stem Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.stemcr.2013.07.005 · Cited by 370 · see citing works
PU.1 and C/EBPα/β convert fibroblasts into macrophage-like cells
Feng, R., Desbordes, S. C., Xie, H., Tillo, E. S., Pixley, F., Stanley, E. R., & Graf, T. (2008) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0711961105 · Cited by 348 · see citing works
Direct Lineage Conversion of Terminally Differentiated Hepatocytes to Functional Neurons
Marro, S. G., Pang, Z. P., Yang, N., Tsai, M.-C., Qu, K., Chang, H. Y., Südhof, T. C., & Wernig, M. (2011) · Cell stem cell · doi:10.1016/j.stem.2011.09.002 · Cited by 343 · see citing works
Liu, M.-L., Zang, T., Zou, Y., Chang, J. C., Gibson, J. R., Huber, K. M., & Zhang, C.-L. (2013) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/ncomms3183 · Cited by 343 · see citing works
Induction of human cardiomyocyte-like cells from fibroblasts by defined factors
Wada, R., Muraoka, N., Inagawa, K., Yamakawa, H., Miyamoto, K., Sadahiro, T., Umei, T. C., Kaneda, R., Suzuki, T., Kamiya, K., et al. (2013) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1304053110 · Cited by 326 · see citing works
Muraoka, N., Yamakawa, H., Miyamoto, K., Sadahiro, T., Umei, T. C., Isomi, M., Nakashima, H., Akiyama, M., Wada, R., Inagawa, K., et al. (2014) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.15252/embj.201387605 · Cited by 298 · see citing works
Induction of Cardiomyocyte-Like Cells in Infarct Hearts by Gene Transfer of Gata4, Mef2c, and Tbx5
Inagawa, K., Miyamoto, K., Yamakawa, H., Muraoka, N., Sadahiro, T., Umei, T. C., Wada, R., Katsumata, Y., Kaneda, R., Nakade, K., et al. (2012) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/circresaha.112.271148 · Cited by 260 · see citing works
Ginsberg, M. D., James, D., Ding, B., Nolan, D., Geng, F., Butler, J. M., Schachterle, W., Pulijaal, V., Mathew, S., Chasen, S. T., et al. (2012) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2012.09.032 · Cited by 240 · see citing works
Inefficient Reprogramming of Fibroblasts into Cardiomyocytes Using Gata4, Mef2c, and Tbx5
Chen, J., Krane, M., Deutsch, M.-A., Wang, L., Rav-Acha, M., Grégoire, S., Engels, M. C., Rajarajan, K., Karra, R., Abel, E. D., et al. (2012) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/circresaha.112.270264 · Cited by 228 · see citing works
Mediators of reprogramming: transcription factors and transitions through mitosis
Egli, D. M., Birkhoff, G., & Eggan, K. C. (2008) · Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/nrm2439 · Cited by 225 · see citing works
Addis, R. C., Ifkovits, J. L., Pinto, F., Kellam, L. D., Esteso, P., Rentschler, S., Christoforou, N., Epstein, J. A., & Gearhart, J. D. (2013) · Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.yjmcc.2013.04.004 · Cited by 213 · see citing works
Islas, J. F., Liu, Y., Weng, K., Robertson, M. J., Zhang, S., Prejusa, A., Harger, J., Tikhomirova, D., Chopra, M., Iyer, D., et al. (2012) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1120299109 · Cited by 212 · see citing works
Protze, S. I., Khattak, S., Poulet, C. E., Lindemann, D., Tanaka, E. M., & Ravens, U. (2012) · Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.yjmcc.2012.04.010 · Cited by 203 · see citing works
GATA‐1 but not SCL induces megakaryocytic differentiation in an early myeloid line.
Visvader, J. E., Elefanty, A. G., Strasser, A., & Adams, J. M. (1992) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1992.tb05557.x · Cited by 189 · see citing works
Molecular Roadblocks for Cellular Reprogramming
Vierbuchen, T., & Wernig, M. (2012) · Molecular Cell · doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2012.09.008 · Cited by 187 · see citing works
Polycomb-Repressed Genes Have Permissive Enhancers that Initiate Reprogramming
Taberlay, P. C., Kelly, T. K., Liu, C.-C., You, J. S., Carvalho, D. D. D., Miranda, T. B., Zhou, X. J., Liang, G., & Jones, P. A. (2011) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2011.10.040 · Cited by 172 · see citing works
Inhibition of TGFβ Signaling Increases Direct Conversion of Fibroblasts to Induced Cardiomyocytes
Ifkovits, J. L., Addis, R. C., Epstein, J. A., & Gearhart, J. D. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0089678 · Cited by 168 · see citing works
Christoforou, N., Chellappan, M. K., Adler, A. F., Kirkton, R., Wu, T.-Y., Addis, R., Bursac, N., & Leong, K. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0063577 · Cited by 153 · see citing works
Heyworth, C., Pearson, S., May, G., & Enver, T. (2002) · EMBO Journal · doi:10.1093/emboj/cdf368 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
Differential genomic targeting of the transcription factor TAL1 in alternate haematopoietic lineages
Palii, C. G., Perez‐Iratxeta, C., Yao, Z., Cao, Y., Dai, F., Davison, J., Atkins, H. L., Allan, D., Dilworth, F. J., Gentleman, R. C., et al. (2010) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1038/emboj.2010.342 · Cited by 140 · see citing works
Epigenetic memory of active gene transcription is inherited through somatic cell nuclear transfer
Ng, R. K., & Gurdon, J. B. (2005) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0409813102 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
A blueprint for engineering cell fate: current technologies to reprogram cell identity
Morris, S. A., & Daley, G. Q. (2013) · Cell Research · doi:10.1038/cr.2013.1 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Small molecules enable OCT4-mediated direct reprogramming into expandable human neural stem cells
Zhu, S., Ambasudhan, R., Sun, W., Kim, H. J., Talantova, M. V., Wang, X., Zhang, M., Zhang, Y., Laurent, T., Parker, J., et al. (2013) · Cell Research · doi:10.1038/cr.2013.156 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Hirai, H., Katoku-Kikyo, N., Keirstead, S. A., & Kikyo, N. (2013) · Cardiovascular Research · doi:10.1093/cvr/cvt167 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Karamariti, E., Margariti, A., Winkler, B. M., Wang, X., Hong, X., Baban, D. F., Ragoussis, J., Huang, Y. C., Han, J. J., Wong, M. M., et al. (2013) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/circresaha.111.300415 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Induced regeneration—the progress and promise of direct reprogramming for heart repair
Addis, R. C., & Epstein, J. A. (2013) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm.3225 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Mitchell, R. R., Szabo, E., Benoit, Y. D., Case, D. T., Mechael, R., Alamilla, J., Lee, J., Fiebig‐Comyn, A., Gillespie, D. C., & Bhatia, M. (2014) · Stem Cells and Development · doi:10.1089/scd.2014.0023 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Hirai, H., & Kikyo, N. (2014) · Cardiovascular Research · doi:10.1093/cvr/cvu023 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Mitchell, R. R., Szabo, E., Shapovalova, Z., Aslostovar, L., Makondo, K. J., & Bhatia, M. (2014) · Stem Cells · doi:10.1002/stem.1721 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Direct Conversion of Fibroblasts to Functional Neurons
Yashar, M., Kalani, S., & Martirosyan, N. L. (2011) · World Neurosurgery · doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2011.11.002 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Toward directed reprogramming through exogenous factors
Lin, C., Chen, Y., & Ding, S. (2013) · Current Opinion in Genetics & Development · doi:10.1016/j.gde.2013.06.002 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Kinzer, K., Salmon, P., & Oberholzer, J. (2012) · doi:10.1002/9781118498453.ch18 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Ascorbic acid rescues cardiomyocyte development in Fgfr1−/− murine embryonic stem cells
Crescini, E., Gualandi, L., Uberti, D. L., Prandelli, C., Presta, M., & Dell’Era, P. (2012) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Cell Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbamcr.2012.06.024 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Small Molecules Convert Fibroblasts into Islet-like Cells Avoiding Pluripotent State
Lumelsky, N. L. (2014) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2014.03.019 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
1 of the 80 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Implications of the Hybrid Epithelial/Mesenchymal Phenotype in Metastasis
Jolly, M. K. (2015) · Frontiers in Oncology · doi:10.3389/fonc.2015.00155 · Cited by 684 · see citing works
Diverse reprogramming codes for neuronal identity
Tsunemoto, R. K., Lee, S., Szűcs, A. L., Chubukov, P., Sokolova, I., Blanchard, J., Eade, K., Bruggemann, J., Wu, C., Torkamani, A., et al. (2018) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-018-0103-5 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Sasamoto, Y., Hayashi, R., Park, S., Saito-Adachi, M., Suzuki, Y., Kawasaki, S., Quantock, A. J., Nakai, K., Tsujikawa, M., & Nishida, K. (2016) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep20807 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Sun, X., Xiang, J., Chen, R., Geng, Z., Wang, L., Liu, Y., Ji, S., Chen, H., Li, Y., Zhang, C., et al. (2021) · Advanced Science · doi:10.1002/advs.202103079 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Cellular reprogramming for clinical cartilage repair
Driessen, B. J. H., Logie, C., & Vonk, L. A. (2017) · Cell Biology and Toxicology · doi:10.1007/s10565-017-9382-0 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Yu, Q., Li, P., Liang, N., Hong, W., Xu, M., & Wu, S. (2017) · PLANT PHYSIOLOGY · doi:10.1104/pp.17.00814 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Hepatocyte reprogramming in liver regeneration: Biological mechanisms and applications
Jiang, M., Ren, J., Belmonte, J. C. I., & Liu, G. (2023) · FEBS Journal · doi:10.1111/febs.16930 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Direct Conversion Through Trans-Differentiation: Efficacy and Safety
Prasad, A., Teh, D. B. L., Jahan, F. R. S., Manivannan, J., Chua, S. M., & All, A. H. (2016) · Stem Cells and Development · doi:10.1089/scd.2016.0174 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Engineering cell fate: Spotlight on cell-activation and signaling-directed lineage conversion
Ebrahimi, B. (2016) · Tissue and Cell · doi:10.1016/j.tice.2016.07.005 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Neuroblasts contribute to oligodendrocytes generation upon demyelination in the adult mouse brain
Waly, B. E., Bertet, C., Paris, M., Falque, M., Milpied, P. J., Magalon, K., Cayre, M., & Durbec, P. L. (2022) · iScience · doi:10.1016/j.isci.2022.105102 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Cell and tissue reprogramming: Unlocking a new era in medical drug discovery
Sen, C. K., Friday, A. J., & Roy, S. (2025) · Pharmacological Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.pharmr.2025.100077 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Cell fate acquisition and reprogramming by the proneural transcription factor ASCL1
Lundie-Brown, J., Puletti, F., Philpott, A., & Azzarelli, R. (2025) · Open Biology · doi:10.1098/rsob.250018 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Neural Stem Cells for Spinal Cord Injury
Lu, P., Ahmad, R., & Tuszynski, M. H. (2016) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-7654-3_16 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Reprogramming of human exocrine pancreas cells to beta cells.
Staels, W., Heremans, Y., & Heimberg, H. (2015) · Best practice & research. Clinical endocrinology & metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.beem.2015.10.001 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Modern Alchemy: Cellular Reprogramming and Transdifferentiation
Helmi, S. A., & Rancourt, D. E. (2016) · doi:10.28967/jscrt.2016.01.16001 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Ebrahimi, B. (2015) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/019455 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Neural Stem Cells for Spinal Cord Injury
Lu, P., Sinopoulou, E., Rosenzweig, E. S., Blesch, A., & Tuszynski, M. H. (2025) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-89307-0_14
- Authors
- Chin, M. T.
- Affiliations
- University of Washington (US)
- Corresponding author
- Chin, Michael T.
- ORCID
- Chin, Michael T.
- Venue
- Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media SA
- Published
- 2014-08-27
- Volume
- 2
- Pages
- 46-46
- ISSN
- 2296-634X (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4206992
- OpenAlex
- W2056160988
- Cited by
- 18
- References
- 80
- Citations by year
- 2025: 3 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 3
- FWCI
- 0.31
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Pluripotent Stem Cells Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Developmental Biology and Gene Regulation
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Congenital heart defects research
- Keywords
- direct reprogramming, cell fate conversion, lineage-specific transcription factors, induced pluripotency, reprogramming efficiency, regenerative medicine, cell replacement therapy, degenerative diseases
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review