The DOI matches its Crossref record; 203 of the 203 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Neonatal Morbidities of Fetal Growth Restriction: Pathophysiology and Impact
Open accessAbstract
Being born small lays the foundation for short-term and long-term implications for life. Intrauterine or fetal growth restriction describes the pregnancy complication of pathological reduced fetal growth, leading to significant perinatal mortality and morbidity, and subsequent long-term deficits. Placental insufficiency is the principal cause of FGR, which in turn underlies a chronic undersupply of oxygen and nutrients to the fetus. The neonatal morbidities associated with FGR depend on the timing of onset of placental dysfunction and growth restriction, its severity, and the gestation at birth of the infant. In this review, we explore the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in the development of major neonatal morbidities in FGR, and their impact on the health of the infant. Fetal cardiovascular adaptation and altered organ development during gestation are principal contributors to postnatal consequences of FGR. Clinical presentation, diagnostic tools and management strategies of neonatal morbidities are presented. We also present information on the current status of targeted therapies. A better understanding of neonatal morbidities associated with FGR will enable early neonatal detection, monitoring and management of potential adverse outcomes in the newborn period and beyond.
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“Intrauterine growth restriction, low birth weight and reduced fetal viability, including stunted growth and cognitive development in children, have been observed in association with chronic disease in adulthood [176, 177].”
From Current update on malaria in pregnancy: a systematic review (2025) · cites this paper as [176]
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“This can lead to fetal hypoxia, growth restriction and developmental problems [176].”
From Current update on malaria in pregnancy: a systematic review (2025) · cites this paper as [176]
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Items 201–203 of 203
Tanis, J. C., Schmitz, D. M., Boelen, M. R., Casarella, L., van den Berg, P. P., Bilardo, C. M., & Bos, A. F. (2016) · Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1002/uog.15903 · Cited by 9
Small for Gestational Age: The Differential Mortality When Detected versus Undetected Antenatally
Chauhan, S. P., Simhan, H. N., & Larkin, J. C. (2016) · American Journal of Perinatology · doi:10.1055/s-0036-1592132 · Cited by 9
Nutritional intra-amniotic therapy increases survival in a rabbit model of fetal growth restriction
Gumus, H. G., Illa, M., Plà, L., Zamora, M., Crispi, F., & Gratacós, E. (2018) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0193240 · Cited by 9
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Estienne, A., Bongrani, A., Reverchon, M., Ramé, C., Ducluzeau, P., Froment, P., & Dupont, J. (2019) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms20184431 · Cited by 181
Ortega, M. A., Fraile‐Μartinez, O., Montero, C. G., Sáez, M. A., Álvarez-Mon, M. Á., Torres‐Carranza, D., Álvarez‐Mon, M., Buján, J., García‐Honduvilla, N., Bravo, C., et al. (2022) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells11030568 · Cited by 163
A new screening technology in maternity care for identifying dysfunction of the placenta
Wienecke, L. S., Sandall, J., & Overgaard, C. (2023) · European Journal of Midwifery · doi:10.18332/ejm/172471 · Cited by 147
Colson, A., Sonveaux, P., Debiève, F., & Sferruzzi-Perri, A. N. (2020) · Human Reproduction Update · doi:10.1093/humupd/dmaa053 · Cited by 149
The Neurovascular Unit: Effects of Brain Insults During the Perinatal Period
Bell, A., Miller, S., Castillo-Meléndez, M., & Malhotra, A. K. (2020) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2019.01452 · Cited by 131
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Metadata
- Authors
- Malhotra, A., Allison, B. J., Castillo-Melendez, M., Jenkin, G., Polglase, G. R., & Miller, S. L.
- Affiliations
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research (AU)
- Venue
- Frontiers in Endocrinology
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media SA
- Published
- 2019-02-07
- Volume
- 10
- Pages
- 55-55
- ISSN
- 1664-2392 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6374308
- OpenAlex
- W2913735792
- Cited by
- 453
- References
- 203
- Citations by year
- 2026: 53 · 2025: 62 · 2024: 68 · 2023: 77 · 2022: 67 · 2021: 63 · 2020: 52 · 2019: 11
- FWCI
- 7.63
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Frontiers in Endocrinology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Monash University Research Portal (Monash University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- National Heart Foundation of Australia
- State Government of Victoria
- Cerebral Palsy Alliance
- Medical Research Council
- National Health and Medical Research Council
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Birth, Development, and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Neonatal and fetal brain pathology
- Keywords
- fetal growth restriction, neonatal morbidity, placental insufficiency, fetal hypoxia, organogenesis, perinatal mortality, long-term outcomes, targeted therapy, neonatal diagnosis
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