Marginal Zone B-Cells, a Gatekeeper of Innate Immunity

Zouali, Moncef; Richard, Yolande

doi:10.3389/fimmu.2011.00063

Cited by 112T-cell and B-cell ImmunologyImmune Response and InflammationImmunotherapy and Immune Responses

Marginal Zone B-Cells, a Gatekeeper of Innate Immunity

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Zouali, Moncef, Richard, Yolande·2011·Frontiers in Immunology

DOI 10.3389/fimmu.2011.00063PMC PMC3341996

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Abstract

To maintain the integrity of an organism constantly challenged by pathogens, the immune system is endowed with a variety of cell types. B lymphocytes were initially thought to only play a role in the adaptive branch of immunity. However, a number of converging observations revealed that two B-cell subsets, marginal zone (MZ) and B1 cells, exhibit unique developmental and functional characteristics, and can contribute to innate immune responses. In addition to their capacity to mount a local antibody response against type-2 T-cell-independent (TI-2) antigens, MZ B-cells can participate to T-cell-dependent (TD) immune responses through the capture and import of blood-borne antigens to follicular areas of the spleen. Here, we discuss the multiple roles of MZ B-cells in humans, non-human primates, and rodents. We also summarize studies - performed in transgenic mice expressing fully human antibodies on their B-cells and in macaques whose infection with Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) represents a suitable model for HIV-1 infection in humans - showing that infectious agents have developed strategies to subvert MZ B-cell functions. In these two experimental models, we observed that two microbial superantigens for B-cells (protein A from Staphylococcus aureus and protein L from Peptostreptococcus magnus) as well as inactivated AT-2 virions of HIV-1 and infectious SIV preferentially deplete innate-like B-cells - MZ B-cells and/or B1 B-cells - with different consequences on TI and TD antibody responses. These data revealed that viruses and bacteria have developed strategies to deplete innate-like B-cells during the acute phase of infection and to impair the antibody response. Unraveling the intimate mechanisms responsible for targeting MZ B-cells in humans will be important for understanding disease pathogenesis and for designing novel vaccine strategies.

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Upon migration to the spleen, transitional B cells differentiate into follicular (naïve) B cells and marginal zone B cells.
“Upon migration to the spleen, transitional B cells differentiate into two subsets of B2 B cells: follicular (e.g. naïve) B cells and marginal zone B cells (MZB).”
From Is there a role for B cells in Alzheimer's disease? (2026) · cites this paper as [51]
The Marginal Zone B-Cells section distinguishes follicular and marginal zone B cells as mature populations, and the paper describes them as two specialized B-cell populations. Our copy does not state that transitional B cells migrate to the spleen and differentiate into these populations, or identify both as B2 subsets (no page numbers provided). (LLM, conf=0.78)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
MZB cells located in the spleen's marginal zone are the first responders to blood-borne infectious agents due to their strategic location.
“MZB cells, located in the spleen's marginal zone, are the first responders to blood-borne infectious agents due to their strategic loca tion [51].”
From Is there a role for B cells in Alzheimer's disease? (2026) · cites this paper as [51]

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Authors: Zouali, M., & Richard, Y.
Affiliations: Inserm (FR)
Université Paris Descartes (FR)
Corresponding author: Zouali, Moncef
ORCID: Zouali, Moncef
Richard, Yolande
Venue: Frontiers in Immunology
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Published: 2011
Volume: 2
Pages: 63-63
ISSN: 1664-3224 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2011.00063
PMC: PMC3341996
OpenAlex: W2035855342
Cited by: 112
References: 76
Citations by year: 2026: 5 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 1
FWCI: 1.28
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: gold
doi.org
Licence: cc-by-nc
Locations: Frontiers in Immunology (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
HAL (submittedVersion)
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
Funders: Styrelsen för Internationellt Utvecklingssamarbete
Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale
Topics: Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › T-cell and B-cell Immunology
Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune Response and Inflammation
Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
Keywords: marginal zone B cells, B-1 cells, innate immunity, T cell-independent antibody response, T cell-dependent antibody response, superantigens, protein A, protein L, HIV-1, simian immunodeficiency virus, B-cell depletion, vaccination strategies

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Marginal Zone B-Cells, a Gatekeeper of Innate Immunity

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