The DOI matches its Crossref record; 6 of the 6 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Emerging Role of Endosomal Toll-Like Receptors in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Open accessAbstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and their downstream signaling pathways have been comprehensively characterized in innate immunity. In addition to this function, these receptors have also been suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis of many autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Murine in vivo models and human in vitro tissue models of RA have provided a wealth of information on the potential activity of TLRs and components of the downstream signaling pathways. Whilst most early work investigated the cell surface TLRs, more recently the focus has moved to the endosomal TLRs 3, 7, 8, and 9. These receptors recognize self and foreign double-stranded RNA and single-stranded RNA and DNA. The development of therapeutics to inhibit the endosomal TLRs or components of their signaling cascades may represent a way to target inflammation upstream of cytokine production. This may allow for greater specificity than existing therapies including cytokine blockade. Here, we review the current information suggesting a role for the endosomal TLRs in RA pathogenesis and the efforts to target these receptors therapeutically.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Akira, S., & Takeda, K. (2004) · Nature reviews. Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri1391 · Cited by 8,312
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells sense self-DNA coupled with antimicrobial peptide
Lande, R., Gregorio, J., Facchinetti, V., Chatterjee, B., Wang, Y.-H., Homey, B., Cao, W., Wang, Y.-H., Su, B., Nestle, F. O., et al. (2007) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature06116 · Cited by 1,910
Genome-wide association study meta-analysis identifies seven new rheumatoid arthritis risk loci
BIRAC Consortium, Stahl, E. A., YEAR Consortium, Raychaudhuri, S., Remmers, E. F., Xie, G., Eyre, S., Thomson, B. P., Li, Y., Kurreeman, F. A. S., et al. (2010) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/ng.582 · Cited by 1,253
Mechanism of endosomal TLR inhibition by antimalarial drugs and imidazoquinolines
Kužnik, A., Benčina, M., Švajger, U., Jeras, M., Rozman, B., & Jerala, R. (2011) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.1000702 · Cited by 606
Nucleic acid recognition by the innate immune system
Barbalat, R., Ewald, S. E., Mouchess, M. L., & Barton, G. M. (2011) · Annual Review of Immunology · doi:10.1146/annurev-immunol-031210-101340 · Cited by 577
Targeting monocytes/macrophages in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis
Davignon, J.-L., Hayder, M., Baron, M., Boyer, J.-F., Constantin, A., Apparailly, F., Poupot, R., & Cantagrel, A. (2013) · Rheumatology · doi:10.1093/rheumatology/kes304 · Cited by 209
Cited by
Implications of macrophage polarization in autoimmunity
Funes, S. C., Rios, M., Escobar‐Vera, J., & Kalergis, A. M. (2018) · Immunology · doi:10.1111/imm.12910 · Cited by 1,005
Marquez-Curtis, L. A., Janowska-Wieczorek, A., McGann, L. E., & Elliott, J. A. W. (2015) · Cryobiology · doi:10.1016/j.cryobiol.2015.07.003 · Cited by 346
Toll-Like Receptor Pathways in Autoimmune Diseases
Chen, J.-Q., Szodoray, P., & Zeher, M. (2016) · Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology · doi:10.1007/s12016-015-8473-z · Cited by 315
Jin, C., Gibani, M. M., Moore, M., Juel, H. B., Jones, E., Meiring, J., Harris, V., Gardner, J., Nebykova, A., Kerridge, S. A., et al. (2017) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(17)32149-9 · Cited by 313
Lago, S., Nadai, M., Cernilogar, F. M., Kazerani, M., Domíniguez Moreno, H., Schotta, G., & Richter, S. N. (2021) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-021-24198-2 · Cited by 269
Metadata
- Authors
- Thwaites, R., Chamberlain, G., & Sacre, S.
- Venue
- Frontiers in Immunology
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media SA
- Published
- 2014
- Volume
- 5
- Pages
- 1-1
- ISSN
- 1664-3224 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2138972371
- Cited by
- 748
- References
- 6
- FWCI
- 42.27
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Emerging Role of Endosomal Toll-Like Receptors in Rheumatoid Arthritis. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.3389/fimmu.2014.00001
- The paper
- Thwaites, R., Chamberlain, G., & Sacre, S. (2014). Emerging Role of Endosomal Toll-Like Receptors in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Frontiers in Immunology. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2014.00001
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
