The DOI matches its Crossref record; 90 of the 90 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Neurotoxicity and Cytokine Release Syndrome After Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell Therapy: Insights Into Mechanisms and Novel Therapies
Open accessAbstract
Chimeric antigen receptor T (CART) cell immunotherapy has been remarkably successful in treating certain relapsed/refractory hematological cancers. However, CART cell therapy is also associated with toxicities which present an obstacle to its wider adoption as a mainstay for cancer treatment. The primary toxicities following CART cell administration are cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS). New insights into the mechanisms of these toxicities have spurred novel treatment options. In this review, we summarize the available literature on the clinical manifestations, mechanisms, and treatments of CART-associated CRS and ICANS.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Axicabtagene Ciloleucel CAR T-Cell Therapy in Refractory Large B-Cell Lymphoma
Neelapu, S. S., Locke, F. L., Bartlett, N. L., Lekakis, L. J., Miklos, D. B., Jacobson, C. A., Braunschweig, I., Oluwole, O. O., Siddiqi, T., Lin, Y., et al. (2017) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1707447 · Cited by 6,030
Tisagenlecleucel in children and young adults with B-cell lymphoblastic leukemia
Maude, S. L., Laetsch, T. W., Buechner, J., Rives, S., Boyer, M., Bittencourt, H., Bader, P., Verneris, M. R., Stefanski, H. E., Myers, G. D., et al. (2018) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1709866 · Cited by 5,735
Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells for Sustained Remissions in Leukemia
Maude, S. L., Frey, N., Shaw, P. A., Aplenc, R., Barrett, D. M., Bunin, N. J., Chew, A., Gonzalez, V. E., Zheng, Z., Lacey, S. F., et al. (2014) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1407222 · Cited by 5,413
Tisagenlecleucel in Adult Relapsed or Refractory Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma
Schuster, S. J., Bishop, M. R., Tam, C. S., Waller, E. K., Borchmann, P., McGuirk, J. P., Jäger, U., Jaglowski, S., Andreadis, C., Westin, J. R., et al. (2019) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1804980 · Cited by 4,112
Lee, D. W., Santomasso, B. D., Locke, F. L., Ghobadi, A., Turtle, C. J., Brudno, J. N., Maus, M. V., Park, J. H., Mead, E., Pavletic, S., et al. (2019) · Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation · doi:10.1016/j.bbmt.2018.12.758 · Cited by 3,675
Chimeric antigen receptor–modified T cells in chronic lymphoid leukemia
Porter, D. L., Levine, B. L., Kalos, M., Bagg, A., & June, C. H. (2011) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1103849 · Cited by 3,565
Chimeric Antigen Receptor–Modified T Cells for Acute Lymphoid Leukemia
Grupp, S. A., Kalos, M., Barrett, D., Aplenc, R., Porter, D. L., Rheingold, S. R., Teachey, D. T., Chew, A., Hauck, B., Wright, J. F., et al. (2013) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1215134 · Cited by 3,509
Lee, D. W., Kochenderfer, J. N., Stetler-Stevenson, M., Cui, Y. K., Delbrook, C., Feldman, S. A., Fry, T. J., Orentas, R., Sabatino, M., Shah, N. N., et al. (2015) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(14)61403-3 · Cited by 2,898
Morgan, R. A., Yang, J. C., Kitano, M., Dudley, M. E., Laurencot, C. M., & Rosenberg, S. A. (2010) · Molecular Therapy · doi:10.1038/mt.2010.24 · Cited by 2,533
Efficacy and Toxicity Management of 19-28z CAR T Cell Therapy in B Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Davila, M. L., Riviere, I., Wang, X., Bartido, S., Park, J., Curran, K., Chung, S. S., Stefanski, J., Borquez-Ojeda, O., Olszewska, M., et al. (2014) · Science Translational Medicine · doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.3008226 · Cited by 2,476
Research works printed but not linked: 9
- Jacoby, 2015, Lineage switch as a relapse mechanism of Pre-B acute lymphoblastic leukemia following CD19 CAR., Blood., 126, 2524, 10.1182/blood.V126.23.2524.2524 · doi:10.1182/blood.v126.23.2524.2524
- Burns, 2019, Comparative review of 30 day non-relapse mortality (NRM) in B-cell lymphomas associated with Anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T-cells (CAR-T) from FDA database, clinical studies, and MD Anderson., Blood., 134, 10.1182/blood-2019-131077 · doi:10.1182/blood-2019-131077
- Dong, 2015, Chimeric antigen receptor 4SCAR19-modified T cells in acute lymphoid leukemia: a phase II multi-center clinical trial in China., Blood., 126, 3774, 10.1182/blood.V126.23.3774.3774 · doi:10.1182/blood.v126.23.3774.3774
- Zhang, 2018, Sequential allogeneic and autologous CAR-T-cell therapy to treat an immune-compromised leukemic patient., Blood Adv., 2, 1691, 10.1182/bloodadvances.2018017004 · doi:10.1182/bloodadvances.2018017004
- Kenderian, 2016, Ruxolitinib prevents cytokine release syndrome after CART cell therapy without impairing the anti-tumor effect in a Xenograft model., Blood., 128, 10.1182/blood.V128.22.652.652 · doi:10.1182/blood.v128.22.652.652
- Huarte, 2019, Prophylactic itacitinib (INCB039110) for the prevention of cytokine release syndrome induced by chimeric antigen receptor T-cells (CAR-T-cells) therapy., Blood., 134, 10.1182/blood-2019-128288 · doi:10.1182/blood-2019-128288
- Park, 2017, Baseline and early post-treatment clinical and laboratory factors associated with severe neurotoxicity following 19-28z CAR T cells in adult patients with relapsed B-ALL., J Clin Oncol., 10.1200/JCO.2017.35.15_suppl.7024 · doi:10.1200/jco.2017.35.15_suppl.7024
- Gilbert, Severe neurotoxicity in the phase 2 trial of JCAR015 in adult B-ALL (ROCKET Study): analyses of patient, protocol and product attributes., Proceedings of the 32nd Annual Meeting and Pre-Conference Programs of the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC 2017
- Alfred, 2016, Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) after infusion of anti-Bcma CAR T Cells (CART-BCMA) for multiple myeloma: successful treatment with cyclophosphamide., Blood., 128, 10.1182/blood.V128.22.5702.5702 · doi:10.1182/blood.v128.22.5702.5702
Cited by
γδ T cells: origin and fate, subsets, diseases and immunotherapy
Hu, Y., Hu, Q., Li, Y., Lu, L., Xiang, Z., Yin, Z., Kabelitz, D., & Wu, Y. (2023) · Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy · doi:10.1038/s41392-023-01653-8 · Cited by 382
Gut microbiome correlates of response and toxicity following anti-CD19 CAR T cell therapy
Smith, M., Dai, A., Ghilardi, G., Amelsberg, K. V., Devlin, S. M., Pajarillo, R., Slingerland, J. B., Beghi, S., Herrera, P. S., Giardina, P., et al. (2022) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41591-022-01702-9 · Cited by 349
GM-CSF: Master regulator of the T cell-phagocyte interface during inflammation
Ingelfinger, F., De Feo, D., & Becher, B. (2021) · Seminars in Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.smim.2021.101518 · Cited by 61
Remyelination in the central nervous system
Franklin, R. J. M., Bodini, B., & Goldman, S. A. (2024) · Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology · doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a041371 · Cited by 40
Treatment with Living Drugs: Pharmaceutical Aspects of CAR T Cells
Holzinger, A., & Abken, H. (2022) · Pharmacology · doi:10.1159/000525052 · Cited by 24
Metadata
- Authors
- Siegler, E. L., & Kenderian, S. S.
- Venue
- Frontiers in Immunology
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media SA
- Published
- 2020-08-28
- Volume
- 11
- Pages
- 1973-1973
- ISSN
- 1664-3224 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3081687748
- Cited by
- 282
- References
- 90
- FWCI
- 12.27
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Neurotoxicity and Cytokine Release Syndrome After Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell Therapy: Insights Into Mechanisms and Novel Therapies. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.3389/fimmu.2020.01973
- The paper
- Siegler, E. L., & Kenderian, S. S. (2020). Neurotoxicity and Cytokine Release Syndrome After Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell Therapy: Insights Into Mechanisms and Novel Therapies. Frontiers in Immunology. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.01973
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.