The DOI matches its Crossref record; 1 of the 1 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Strategies for Fermentation Medium Optimization: An In-Depth Review
Open accessAbstract
Optimization of production medium is required to maximize the metabolite yield. This can be achieved by using a wide range of techniques from classical "one-factor-at-a-time" to modern statistical and mathematical techniques, viz. artificial neural network (ANN), genetic algorithm (GA) etc. Every technique comes with its own advantages and disadvantages, and despite drawbacks some techniques are applied to obtain best results. Use of various optimization techniques in combination also provides the desirable results. In this article an attempt has been made to review the currently used media optimization techniques applied during fermentation process of metabolite production. Comparative analysis of the merits and demerits of various conventional as well as modern optimization techniques have been done and logical selection basis for the designing of fermentation medium has been given in the present review. Overall, this review will provide the rationale for the selection of suitable optimization technique for media designing employed during the fermentation process of metabolite production.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The quantity of inorganic salts that must be added to the fermentation medium varies depending on the nutritional requirements of the organism, the composition of the culture medium, and the type of desired end product.
“The quantity of inorganic salts that must be added to the fermentation medium varies depending on the nutritional requirements of the organism, the composition of the culture medium, and the type of desired end product [51].”
From Optimization of Bacillus subtilis PW12 biomass production using RSM: a preliminary study towards single-cell protein production for aquaculture (2024) · cites this paper as [51]
The Phosphate subsection (page not provided) says the amount of phosphate added depends on the broth’s composition, the organism’s needs, and the desired product. The claim extends that statement from phosphate to inorganic salts generally, which the cited passage does not establish. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Box-Behnken design: An alternative for the optimization of analytical methods
Ferreira, S. L. C., Bruns, R. E., Ferreira, H. S., Matos, G. D., David, J. M., Brandão, G. C., da Silva, E. G. P., Portugal, L. A., dos Reis, P. S., Souza, A. S., et al. (2007) · Analytica Chimica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.aca.2007.07.011 · Cited by 3,214
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 76
- Adinarayana, 2002, Response surface optimization of the critical medium components for the production of alkaline protease by a newly isolated Bacillus sp, J. Pharm. Pharm. Sci., 5, 272
- Aggarwal, 2005, Optimization of machining techniques—a retrospective and literature review, Sadhana, 30, 699, 10.1007/BF02716704 · DOI
- Baishan, 2003, Using genetic algorithms coupling neural networks in a study of xylitol production: medium optimization, Process Biochem., 38, 979, 10.1016/S0032-9592(02)00094-8 · DOI
- Banga, 2008, Studies on medium optimization for the production of antifungal and antibacterial antibiotics from a bioactive soil actinomycete, Med. Chem. Res., 17, 425, 10.1007/s00044-007-9077-9 · DOI
- Banga, 2009, Response surface methodology for optimization of medium components in submerged culture of Aspergillus flavus for enhanced heparinase production, Lett. Appl. Microbiol., 49, 204, 10.1111/j.1472-765X.2009.02640.x · DOI
- Baoxin, 2011, Optimization of fermentation medium for enhanced production of milbemycin by a mutant of Streptomyces bingchenggensis BC-X-1 using response surface methodology, Afr. J. Biotech., 10, 7225, 10.5897/AJB11.077 · DOI
- Bapat, 2004, Optimization of rifamycin B fermentation in shake flasks via a machine-learning-based approach, Biotechnol. Bioeng., 86, 201, 10.1002/bit.20056 · DOI
- Bhagat, 1990, An introduction to neural nets, Chem. Eng. Prog., 86, 55
- Box, 1951, On the experimental attainment of optimum conditions, J. R. Stat. Soc. Series. B Stat. Methodol., 13, 1, 10.1111/j.2517-6161.1951.tb00067.x · DOI
- Castro, 1992, Application of a statistical design to the optimization of culture medium for recombinant interferon-gamma production by Chinese hamster ovary cells, Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 38, 84, 10.1007/BF00169424 · DOI
- Chakravarti, 2002, Optimization of compactin production in chemically defined production medium by Penicillium citrinum using statistical methods, Process Biochem., 38, 481, 10.1016/S0032-9592(02)00138-3 · DOI
- Chanin, 1990, Using Taguchi design, regression analysis and simulation to study maintenance float systems, Int. J. Prod. Res., 28, 1939, 10.1080/00207549008942844 · DOI
- Cheng, 2014, Aerobic and sequential anaerobic fermentation to produce xylitol and ethanol using non-detoxified acid pretreated corncob, Biotechnol. Biofuels, 7, 166, 10.1186/s13068-014-0166-y · DOI
- Desai, 2006, Optimization of fermentation media for exopolysaccharide production from Lactobacillus plantarum using artificial intelligence-based techniques, Process Biochem., 41, 1842, 10.1016/j.procbio.2006.03.037 · DOI
- Dubey, 2010, Construction of recombinant Escherichia coli for enhanced bioconversion of colchicine into 3-demethylated colchicine at 70 l bioreactor level, Process Biochem., 45, 1036, 10.1016/j.procbio.2010.03.014 · DOI
- Dubey, 2011, Enhanced extraction of 3-demethylated colchicine from fermentation broth of Bacillus megaterium: optimization of process parameters by statistical experimental design, Eng. Sci., 11, 598, 10.1002/elsc.201000207 · DOI
- Dubey, 2008, Production of demethylated colchicine through microbial transformation and scale-up process development, Process Biochem., 43, 251, 10.1016/j.procbio.2007.12.002 · DOI
- Elibol, 2004, Optimization of medium composition for actinorhodin production by Streptomyces coelicolor A3 (2) with response surface methodology, Process Biochem., 39, 1057, 10.1016/S0032-9592(03)00232-2 · DOI
- Fisher, 1992, The arrangement of field experiments, 82, 10.1007/978-1-4612-4380-9_8 · DOI
- Foster, 1981, Control of actinomycin D biosynthesis in Streptomyces parvullus: regulation of tryptophan oxygenase activity, J. Bacteriol., 148, 670, 10.1128/JB.148.2.670-677.1981 · DOI
- Franco-Lara, 2006, Evaluation of artificial neural networks for modelling and optimization of medium composition with a genetic algorithm, Process Biochem., 41, 2200, 10.1016/j.procbio.2006.06.024 · DOI
- Gallo, 1972, Regulation of secondary metabolite biosynthesis: catabolite repression of phenoxazinone synthase and actinomycin formation by glucose, J. Bacteriol., 109, 659, 10.1128/JB.109.2.659-667.1972 · DOI
- Ghanem, 2000, Production of Aspergillus terreus xylanase in solid-state cultures: application of the Plackett–Burman experimental design to evaluate nutritional requirements, Bioresour. Technol., 73, 113, 10.1016/S0960-8524(99)00155-8 · DOI
- Ghasemi, 2011, Application of response surface methodology and central composite design for the optimisation of supercritical fluid extraction of essential oils from Myrtus communis L, leaves. Food Chem., 126, 1449, 10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.11.135 · DOI
- Gonzalez, 1995, Gentamicin formation in Micromonospora purpurea: stimulatory effect of ammonium, J. Antibiot., 48, 479, 10.7164/antibiotics.48.479 · DOI
- Gouveia, 2001, Optimization of medium composition for clavulanic acid production by Streptomyces clavuligerus, Biotechnol. Lett., 23, 157, 10.1023/A:1010356231673 · DOI · Paper page
- Guo, 2010, Optimization of fermentation medium for nisin production from Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis using response surface methodology (RSM) combined with artificial neural network-genetic algorithm (ANN-GA), Afr. J. Biotechnol., 9, 6264
- Gupta, 2003, A study of oxygen transfer in shake flasks using a non-invasive oxygen sensor, Biotechnol. Bioeng., 84, 351, 10.1002/bit.10740 · DOI
- Gupte, 2003, A study of antifungal antibiotic production by Thermomonospora sp MTCC 3340 using full factorial design, J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol., 78, 605, 10.1002/jctb.818 · DOI
- Haaland, 1989, Experimental Design in Biotechnology
- Houck, 1995, A Genetic Algorithm for Function Optimization: A Matlab Implementation
- Huang, 2014, Anaerobic/aerobic conditions and biostimulation for enhanced chlorophenols degradation in biocathode microbial fuel cells, Biodegradation, 25, 615, 10.1007/s10532-014-9686-1 · DOI
- Kennedy, 1999, Strategies for improving fermentation medium performance: a review, J. Ind. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 23, 456, 10.1038/sj.jim.2900755 · DOI
- Kennedy, 1994, The scale up of mycelial shake flask fermentations: a case study of gamma linolenic acid production byMucor hiemalis IRL 51, J. Ind. Microbiol., 13, 212, 10.1007/BF01569750 · DOI
- Keskin Gündoǧdu, 2016, Experimental design methods for bioengineering applications, Crit. Rev. Biotechnol., 36, 368, 10.3109/07388551.2014.973014 · DOI
- Khan, 2011, Optimization of fermentation parameters for maximization of actinomycin D production, J. Chem. Pharma. Res., 3, 281
- Khan, 2011, Maximizing the native concentration and shelf life of protein: a multiobjective optimization to reduce aggregation, Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 89, 99, 10.1007/s00253-010-2835-5 · DOI
- Lebrihi, 1992, Effect of ammonium ions on spiramycin biosynthesis in Streptomyces ambofaciens, Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 37, 382, 10.1007/BF00210997 · DOI
- Lin, 1994, Leucine interference in the production of water-soluble red Monascus pigments, Arch. Microbiol., 162, 114, 10.1007/BF00264383 · DOI
- Mao, 2007, Optimizing the medium compositions for accumulation of the novel FR-008/Candicidin derivatives CS101 by a mutant of Streptomyces sp. using statistical experimental methods, Process Biochem., 42, 878, 10.1016/j.procbio.2007.01.004 · DOI
- Marwick, 1999, Bioprocess intensification for production of novel marine bacterial antibiotics through bioreactor operation and design, Mar. Biotechnol., 1, 495, 10.1007/PL00011806 · DOI
- McCord-Nelson, 1991, A Practical Guide to Neural Nets
- Muhammad, 2014, Taguchi's experimental design for optimizing the production of novel thermostable polypeptide antibiotic from Geobacillus pallidus SAT4, Pak. J. Pharma. Sci., 27, 11
- Niwas, 2013, Production, purification and characterization of the cholesterol oxidase from newly isolated Streptomyces sp, W. J. Micobiol. Biotechnol., 29, 2077, 10.1007/s11274-013-1371-8 · DOI
- O'Kennedy, 2003, Effects of fermentation strategy on the characteristics of plasmid DNA production, Biotechnol. Appl. Biochem., 37, 83, 10.1042/BA20020099 · DOI
- Osama, 2013, Modelling of nutrient mist reactor for hairy root growth using Artificial neural network, Eur. J. Sci. Res., 97, 516
- Ozcengiz, 1990, Regulation of biosynthesis of bacilysin by Bacillus subtilis, J. Ind. Microbiol., 6, 91, 10.1007/BF01576428 · DOI
- Pignatiello, 1988, An overview of the strategy and tactics of Taguchi, IIE Trans., 20, 247, 10.1080/07408178808966177 · DOI
- Poirier, 1981, Arginine regulation of gramicidin S biosynthesis, Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 20, 508, 10.1128/AAC.20.4.508 · DOI
- Praveen, 2008, Nutritional regulation of actinomycin-D production by a new isolate of Streptomyces sindenensis using statistical methods, Ind. J. Exp. Biol., 46, 139
- Rajeswari, 2014, Characterization of saltern based Streptomyces sp. and statistical media optimization for its improved antibacterial activity, Front. Microbiol., 5, 753, 10.3389/fmicb.2014.00753 · DOI
- Reddy, 1999, Production of thermostable β-amylase and pullulanase by Clostridium thermosulfurogenes SV2 in solid-state fermentation: screening of nutrients using Plackett-Burman design, Bioprocess. Eng., 21, 175, 10.1007/pl00009069 · DOI
- Rokem, 2007, Systems biology of antibiotic production by microorganisms, Nat. Prod. Rep., 24, 1262, 10.1039/b617765b · DOI
- Sánchez, 2010, Carbon source regulation of antibiotic production, J. Antibiot., 63, 442, 10.1038/ja.2010.78 · DOI
- Sanchez, 2002, Metabolic regulation of fermentation processes, Enzyme Microb. Technol., 31, 895, 10.1016/S0141-0229(02)00172-2 · DOI
- Shih, 2002, Application of statistical experimental methods to optimize production of poly (γ-glutamic acid) by Bacillus licheniformis CCRC 12826, Enzyme Microb. Technol., 31, 213, 10.1016/S0141-0229(02)00103-5 · DOI
- Silveira, 1991, Medium optimization by an orthogonal array design for the growth of Methanosarcina barkeri, J. Ferment. Bioeng., 72, 20, 10.1016/0922-338X(91)90140-C · DOI
- Singer, 2009, Nelder-mead algorithm, Scholarpedia, 4, 2928, 10.4249/scholarpedia.2928 · DOI
- Singh, 2012, Optimization of cultural parameters for antifungal and antibacterial metabolite from microbial isolate; Streptomyces rimosus MTCC 10792 from soil of Chhattisgarh, Int. J. Phar. Pharm. Sci., 4, 94
- Singh, 2012, Production and optimisation of oxytetracycline by a new isolate Streptomyces rimosus using response surface methodology, Med. Chem. Res., 21, 3140, 10.1007/s00044-011-9845-4 · DOI
- Singh, 2009, Optimization of actinomycin V production by Streptomyces triostinicus using artificial neural network and genetic algorithm, Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 82, 379, 10.1007/s00253-008-1828-0 · DOI
- Singh, 2008, Production and statistical optimization of a novel olivanic acid by Streptomyces olivaceus MTCC 6820, Pro. Biochem., 43, 1313, 10.1016/j.procbio.2008.07.015 · DOI
- Singh, 2008, Production, optimization and purification of an antifungal compound from Streptomyces capoamus MTCC 8123, Med. Chem. Res., 17, 94, 10.1007/s00044-007-9040-9 · DOI
- Sujatha, 2005, Studies on a new marine streptomycete BT-408 producing polyketide antibiotic SBR-22 effective against methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Microbiol. Res., 160, 119, 10.1016/j.micres.2004.10.006 · DOI
- Teruel, 1997, Response surface analysis of chlortetracycline and tetracycline production with K-carrageenan immobilized Streptomyces aureofaciens, Enzyme Microb. Technol., 21, 314, 10.1016/S0141-0229(97)00045-8 · DOI
- Theobald, 2000, Microbial growth and production kinetics of Streptomyces antibioticus Tü 6040, Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek., 78, 307, 10.1023/A:1010282818272 · DOI
- Tripathi, 2012, Enhanced antibiotic production by Streptomyces sindenensis using artificial neural networks coupled with genetic algorithm and nelder-mead downhill simplex, J. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 22, 939, 10.4014/jmb.1109.09018 · DOI
- Tripathi, 2004, Production of antibacterial and antifungal metabolites by Streptomyces violaceusniger and media optimization studies for the maximum metabolite production, Med. Chem. Res., 13, 790, 10.1007/s00044-004-0118-3 · DOI
- Vaidya, 2003, Statistical optimization of medium components for the production of chitinase by Alcaligenes xylosoxydans, Enzyme Microb. Technol., 33, 92, 10.1016/S0141-0229(03)00100-5 · DOI
- Vastrad, 2011, Production and optimization of tetracycline by various strains of Streptomyces under solid state fermentation using pineapple peel as a novel substrate, Rec. Res. Sci. Technol., 3, 1
- Wang, 2005, Optimization for the production of water-soluble polysaccharide from Pleurotus citrinopileatus in submerged culture and its antitumor effect, Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 67, 759, 10.1007/s00253-004-1833-x · DOI
- Wang, 2011, Improvement of antibiotic activity of Xenorhabdus bovienii by medium optimization using response surface methodology, Microb. Cell Fact., 10, 1, 10.1186/1475-2859-10-98 · DOI
- Xiaobo, 2006, Medium optimization of carbon and nitrogen sources for the production of eucalyptene A and xyloketal A from Xylaria sp. 2508 using response surface methodology, Process Biochem., 41, 293, 10.1016/j.procbio.2005.06.002 · DOI
- Zhang, 2007, Application of response surface methodology in medium optimization for pyruvic acid production of Torulopsis glabrata TP19 in batch fermentation, J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B., 8, 98, 10.1631/jzus.2007.B0098 · DOI
- Zhong, 2014, Optimization of Bacillus subtilis cell growth effecting jiean-peptide production in fed batch fermentation using central composite design, Electron. J. Biotechnol., 17, 132, 10.1016/j.ejbt.2014.04.010 · DOI
- Zhu, 2007, Statistical optimization of medium components for avilamycin production by Streptomyces viridochromogenes Tü57-1 using response surface methodology, J. Ind. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 34, 271, 10.1007/s10295-006-0195-z · DOI
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Nair, P., Navale, G. R., & Dharne, M. S. (2023) · Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery · doi:10.1007/s13399-021-01467-0 · Cited by 91
Recent Advances in Microbial Synthesis of Poly-γ-Glutamic Acid: A Review
Li, D., Hou, L., Gao, Y., Tian, Z., Fan, B., Wang, F., & Li, S. (2022) · Foods · doi:10.3390/foods11050739 · Cited by 72
Abuhena, M., Al-Rashid, J., Azim, M. F., Khan, M. N. M., Kabir, M. G., Barman, N. C., Rasul, N. M., Akter, S., & Huq, M. A. (2022) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-022-15366-5 · Cited by 50
Gracious, M., & Nandakumar, S. (2024) · Journal of Applied Biology & Biotechnology · doi:10.7324/jabb.2024.177031 · Cited by 2
“The quantity of inorganic salts that must be added to the fermentation medium varies depending on the nutritional requirements of the organism, the composition of the culture medium, and the type of desired end product [51].”
Cheraghi, F., Mazaheri, M., Belgheisi, S., & Rashidi, L. (2026) · Applied Food Biotechnology · doi:10.22037/afb.v13i1.52694
Metadata
- Authors
- Singh, V., Haque, S., Niwas, R., Srivastava, A., Pasupuleti, M., & Tripathi, C. K. M.
- Affiliations
- Central Drug Research Institute (IN)
- Jamia Millia Islamia (IN)
- Corresponding author
- Tripathi, C. K. M.
- Venue
- Frontiers in Microbiology
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media SA
- Published
- 2017-01-06
- Volume
- 7
- Pages
- 2087-2087
- ISSN
- 1664-302X (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5216682
- OpenAlex
- W2570879358
- Cited by
- 629
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 64 · 2025: 113 · 2024: 90 · 2023: 77 · 2022: 88 · 2021: 69 · 2020: 57 · 2019: 39 · 2018: 26 · 2017: 4
- FWCI
- 3.23
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Frontiers in Microbiology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology (SR/FT/LS-190/2009)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Microbial Metabolic Engineering and Bioproduction
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Optimal Experimental Design Methods
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Advanced Scientific Research Methods
- Keywords
- fermentation medium optimization, metabolite production, one-factor-at-a-time method, artificial neural networks, genetic algorithm, hybrid optimization
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review