The DOI matches its Crossref record; 205 of the 205 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Machine Learning for the Diagnosis of Parkinson's Disease: A Review of Literature
Open accessAbstract
Diagnosis of Parkinson's disease (PD) is commonly based on medical observations and assessment of clinical signs, including the characterization of a variety of motor symptoms. However, traditional diagnostic approaches may suffer from subjectivity as they rely on the evaluation of movements that are sometimes subtle to human eyes and therefore difficult to classify, leading to possible misclassification. In the meantime, early non-motor symptoms of PD may be mild and can be caused by many other conditions. Therefore, these symptoms are often overlooked, making diagnosis of PD at an early stage challenging. To address these difficulties and to refine the diagnosis and assessment procedures of PD, machine learning methods have been implemented for the classification of PD and healthy controls or patients with similar clinical presentations (e.g., movement disorders or other Parkinsonian syndromes). To provide a comprehensive overview of data modalities and machine learning methods that have been used in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of PD, in this study, we conducted a literature review of studies published until February 14, 2020, using the PubMed and IEEE Xplore databases. A total of 209 studies were included, extracted for relevant information and presented in this review, with an investigation of their aims, sources of data, types of data, machine learning methods and associated outcomes. These studies demonstrate a high potential for adaptation of machine learning methods and novel biomarkers in clinical decision making, leading to increasingly systematic, informed diagnosis of PD.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: The PRISMA statement
Moher, D., Liberati, A., Tetzlaff, J., Altman, D. G., & the PRISMA Group* (2009) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-151-4-200908180-00135 · Cited by 37,554
UCI Machine Learning Repository
Asuncion, A. (2007) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 24,156
Goldberger, A. L., Amaral, L. A. N., Glass, L., Hausdorff, J. M., Ivanov, P. C., Mark, R. G., Mietus, J. E., Moody, G. B., Peng, C.-K., & Stanley, H. E. (2000) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.101.23.e215 · Cited by 14,809
Staging of brain pathology related to sporadic Parkinson’s disease
Braak, H., Tredici, K. D., Rüb, U., de Vos, R. A. I., Jansen Steur, E. N. H., & Braak, E. (2003) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/s0197-4580(02)00065-9 · Cited by 10,777
MDS clinical diagnostic criteria for Parkinson’s disease
Postuma, R. B., Berg, D., Stern, M., Poewe, W., Olanow, C. W., Oertel, W., Obeso, J., Marek, K., Litvan, I., Lang, A. E., et al. (2015) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.26424 · Cited by 7,653
Parkinson's disease: clinical features and diagnosis
Jankovic, J. (2008) · Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp.2007.131045 · Cited by 5,720 · cited 3×
“PD is a progressive neurological disorder associated with motor and non-motor features (Jankovic, 2008) which comprises multiple aspects of movements, including planning, initiation and execution (Contreras-Vidal and Stelmach, 1995).”
Dorsey, E. R., Elbaz, A., Nichols, E., Abbasi, N., Abd-Allah, F., Abdelalim, A., Adsuar, J. C., Ansha, M. G., Brayne, C., Choi, J.-Y. J., et al. (2018) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(18)30295-3 · Cited by 2,816
Epidemiology of Parkinson’s disease
Tysnes, O.-B., & Storstein, A. (2017) · Journal of Neural Transmission · doi:10.1007/s00702-017-1686-y · Cited by 2,414
Machine learning algorithm validation with a limited sample size
Vabalas, A., Gowen, E., Poliakoff, E., & Casson, A. J. (2019) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0224365 · Cited by 1,901
The Parkinson Progression Marker Initiative (PPMI)
Marek, K., Jennings, D., Lasch, S., Siderowf, A., Tanner, C., Simuni, T., Coffey, C., Kieburtz, K., Flagg, E., Chowdhury, S., et al. (2011) · Progress in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2011.09.005 · Cited by 1,892
Cited by
Gupta, R., Kumari, S., Senapati, A., Ambasta, R. K., & Kumar, P. (2023) · Ageing Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.arr.2023.102013 · Cited by 134
Roussos, G., Herrero, T. R., Hill, D. L., Dowling, A. V., L. T. M. Müller, M., Evers, L. J. W., Burton, J., Derungs, A., Fisher, K., Kilambi, K. P., et al. (2022) · npj Digital Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41746-022-00643-4 · Cited by 28
Interpretable video-based tracking and quantification of Parkinsonism clinical motor states
Deng, D., Ostrem, J. L., Nguyen, V., Cummins, D. D., Sun, J., Pathak, A., Little, S., & Abbasi-Asl, R. (2024) · npj Parkinson's Disease · doi:10.1038/s41531-024-00742-x · Cited by 25
Bounsall, K., Milne-Ives, M., Hall, A., Carroll, C., & Meinert, E. (2023) · JMIR Research Protocols · doi:10.2196/46581 · Cited by 16
Metadata
- Authors
- Mei, J., Desrosiers, C., & Frasnelli, J.
- Venue
- Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media SA
- Published
- 2021-05-06
- Volume
- 13
- Pages
- 633752-633752
- ISSN
- 1663-4365 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3158559908
- Cited by
- 401
- References
- 205
- FWCI
- 26.89
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Machine Learning for the Diagnosis of Parkinson's Disease: A Review of Literature. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.3389/fnagi.2021.633752
- The paper
- Mei, J., Desrosiers, C., & Frasnelli, J. (2021). Machine Learning for the Diagnosis of Parkinson's Disease: A Review of Literature. Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2021.633752
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.