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Cited by 49Alzheimer's disease research and treatmentsDementia and Cognitive Impairment ResearchNeuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research

Sensory processing deficits and related cortical pathological changes in Alzheimer’s disease

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Zhang, Nicole K., Zhang, Selena K., Zhang, Li I., Tao, Huizhong W., Zhang, Guang-Wei·2023·Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience
DOI 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1213379PMC PMC10464619
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Abstract

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder primarily affecting cognitive functions. However, sensory deficits in AD start to draw attention due to their high prevalence and early onsets which suggest that they could potentially serve as diagnostic biomarkers and even contribute to the disease progression. This literature review examines the sensory deficits and cortical pathological changes observed in visual, auditory, olfactory, and somatosensory systems in AD patients, as well as in various AD animal models. Sensory deficits may emerge at the early stages of AD, or even precede the cognitive decline, which is accompanied by cortical pathological changes including amyloid-beta deposition, tauopathy, gliosis, and alterations in neuronal excitability, synaptic inputs, and functional plasticity. Notably, these changes are more pronounced in sensory association areas and superficial cortical layers, which may explain the relative preservation of basic sensory functions but early display of deficits of higher sensory functions. We propose that sensory impairment and the progression of AD may establish a cyclical relationship that mutually perpetuates each condition. This review highlights the significance of sensory deficits with or without cortical pathological changes in AD and emphasizes the need for further research to develop reliable early detection and intervention through sensory systems.

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  • Eleven ROIs have nominally significant correlations with both behaviors, including key sensory regions (VCP, VCS, and MGD) linked to early symptoms of AD in humans.

    “Eleven ROIs have nominally significant correlations with both behaviors (Supplementary Table 10), including key sensory regions (VCP, VCS, and MGD) linked to early symptoms of AD in humans71-74.”

    From Magnetic resonance microscopy maps widespread effects of Alzheimer’s disease on brain structures and behavior in mice (2026) · cites this paper as [73]

    The Introduction (page unavailable) says visual and auditory deficits can appear before cognitive decline in people with AD, and “Pathological changes in visual cortex” describes early changes in visual association areas. The paper does not establish the claimed link for each named region, particularly MGD. The eleven ROI correlations are attributed to the citing paper’s Supplementary Table 10, not to this source. (LLM, conf=0.82)

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Authors
Zhang, N. K., Zhang, S. K., Zhang, L. I., Tao, H. W., & Zhang, G.-W.
Affiliations
University of Southern California (US)
ORCID
Venue
Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience
Publisher
Frontiers Media SA
Published
2023-08-15
Volume
15
Pages
1213379-1213379
ISSN
1663-4365 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3389/fnagi.2023.1213379
PMC
PMC10464619
OpenAlex
W4385874589
Cited by
49
References
174
Citations by year
2026: 14 · 2025: 23 · 2024: 12
FWCI
1.75
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
  • Alzheimer's Association (AARF-23-1148428)
  • Cure Alzheimer's Fund
  • National Institute for Health and Care Research
  • National Institutes of Health
  • National Institute of Mental Health (U01MH116990)
  • National Eye Institute (R01EY019049)
  • National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (R01DC008983, R01DC020887)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
Keywords
Alzheimer's disease, sensory processing deficits, cortical pathology, olfactory dysfunction, somatosensory impairment, amyloid-beta deposition, tauopathy, gliosis, neuronal excitability, synaptic plasticity, early diagnosis biomarkers, animal models of Alzheimer's disease

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