Cortical areas abundant in extracellular matrix chondroitin sulphate proteoglycans are less affected by cytoskeletal changes in Alzheimer's disease
Abstract
In the human brain, the distribution of perineuronal nets occurring as lattice-like neuronal coatings of extracellular matrix proteoglycans ensheathing several types of non-pyramidal neurons and subpopulations of pyramidal cells in the cerebral cortex is largely unknown. Since proteoglycans are presumably involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease, we analysed the distribution pattern of extracellular chondroitin sulphate proteoglycans in cortical areas, including primary motor, primary auditory and several prefrontal and temporal association areas, in normal human brains and in those showing neuropathological criteria of Alzheimer's disease. In both groups, neurons with perineuronal nets were most numerous in the primary motor cortex (approximately 10% in Brodmann's area 4) and in the primary auditory cortex as a representative of the primary sensory areas. Their number was lower in secondary and higher order association areas. Net-associated pyramidal cells occurred predominantly in layers III and V in motor areas, as well as throughout lower parts of layer III in the primary auditory cortex and neocortical association areas. In the entorhinal cortex, net-associated pyramidal cells were extremely rare. In brains showing hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease, the characteristic patterns of hyperphosphorylated tau protein, stained with the AT8 antibody, largely excluded the zones abundant in perineuronal nets and neuropil-associated chondroitin sulphate proteoglycans. As shown in double-stained sections, pyramidal and non-pyramidal neurons ensheathed by perineuronal nets were virtually unaffected by the formation of neurofibrillary tangles even in severely damaged regions. The distribution patterns of amyloid B deposits overlapped but showed no congruence with that of the extracellular chondroitin sulphate proteoglycans. It can be concluded that low susceptibility of neurons and cortical areas to neurofibrillary changes corresponds with high proportions of aggregating chondroitin sulphate proteoglycans in the neuronal microenvironment.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The majority of neurons ensheathed by PNNs remain devoid of pTau accumulation.
“the majority of neurons ensheathed by PNNs remain devoid of pTau accumulation (Brückner et al. 1999).”
From Perineuronal net deglycosylation associates with tauopathy‐induced gliosis and neurodegeneration (2024) · cites this paper as Brückner et al. 1999
Loss of PNN CS-GAGs appears to occur independently to PNN core proteins (aggrecan and brevican), which remain stable in postmortem AD brain tissue.
“Intriguingly, the loss of PNN CS-GAGs appears to occur independently to PNN core proteins (i.e., aggrecan and brevican), which remain stable in postmortem AD brain tissue (Brückner et al. 1999; Morawski et al. 2010a; Morawski et al. 2012; Lendvai et al. 2013; Howell et al. 2015).”
From Perineuronal net deglycosylation associates with tauopathy‐induced gliosis and neurodegeneration (2024) · cites this paper as Brückner et al. 1999
Perineuronal nets protect neurons against tau and amyloid-beta pathology.
“PNNs are reported to protect neurons against tau [37, 38] and Aβ pathology [39]”
From Microglia facilitate loss of perineuronal nets in the Alzheimer's disease brain (2020) · cites this paper as [37]
In Alzheimer's disease, cortical and subcortical neurons enwrapped by a perineuronal net are less frequently affected by neurofibrillary degeneration than neurons without a perineuronal net.
“In previous studies we could demonstrate that in AD cortical and subcortical neurons are constantly less frequently affected by neurofibrillary degeneration if they are enwrapped by a specialized form of the ECM, the so-called PN.2, 3”
From Aggrecan, link protein and tenascin-R are essential components of the perineuronal net to protect neurons against iron-induced oxidative stress (2014) · cites this paper as [2]
Neurons that exhibit buildup of tau protein and neurofibrillary tangles are more likely to lack PNNs.
“Neurons that exhibit buildup of tau protein and neurofibrillary tangles are more likely to lack PNNs (Brückner et al., 1999; Morawski et al., 2010).”
From The Perineuronal ‘Safety’ Net? Perineuronal Net Abnormalities in Neurological Disorders (2018) · cites this paper as Brückner et al., 1999
PNNs have been tied to neuroprotection.
“PNNs have been implicated in ion homeostasis around highly active neurons (Bruckner et al., 1993; Bruckner et al., 1996a; Bruckner et al., 1996b; Hartig et al., 1999; Hartig et al., 2001; Hobohm et al., 1998) and neuroprotection”
From Perineuronal nets and schizophrenia: The importance of neuronal coatings (2014) · cites this paper as Bruckner et al., 1999
Cites
Neuropathological stageing of Alzheimer-related changes.
Braak, H., & Braak, E. (1991) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/bf00308809 · Cited by 16,123 · see citing works
Diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease
Khachaturian, Z. S. (1985) · Archives of Neurology · doi:10.1001/archneur.1985.04060100083029 · Cited by 2,499 · see citing works
Topography Of Cognition: Parallel Distributed Networks In Primate Association Cortex
Goldman‐Rakic, P. S. (1988) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev.ne.11.030188.001033 · Cited by 1,658 · see citing works
Neuronal loss correlates with but exceeds neurofibrillary tangles in Alzheimer's disease
Gómez‐Isla, T., Hollister, R., West, H., Mui, S., Growdon, J. H., Petersen, R. C., Parisi, J. E., & Hyman, B. T. (1997) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.410410106 · Cited by 1,489 · see citing works
GABAergic cell subtypes and their synaptic connections in rat frontal cortex
Kawaguchi, Y. (1997) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/7.6.476 · Cited by 1,416 · see citing works
Arnold, S. E., Hyman, B. T., Flory, J., Damasio, A. R., & Van Hoesen, G. W. (1991) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/1.1.103 · Cited by 1,380 · see citing works
Life and Death of Neurons in the Aging Brain
Morrison, J. H., & Hof, P. R. (1997) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.278.5337.412 · Cited by 1,344 · see citing works
Vergleichende Lokalisationslehre der Grosshirnrinde
Jelliffe (1910) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/00005053-191012000-00013 · Cited by 1,211 · see citing works
Goedert, M., Jakes, R., Spillantini, M. G., Hasegawa, M., Smith, M. J., & Crowther, R. A. (1996) · Nature · doi:10.1038/383550a0 · Cited by 1,036 · see citing works
Pearson, R. C., Esiri, M. M., Hiorns, R. W., Wilcock, G. K., & Powell, T. P. (1985) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.82.13.4531 · Cited by 987 · see citing works
Staging of Alzheimer-Related Cortical Destruction
Braak, H., Braak, E., & Bohl, J. (2008) · European Neurology · doi:10.1159/000116984 · Cited by 836 · see citing works
Vergleichende Lokalisationslehre der Großhirnrinde
Brodmann, K. (1909) · Cited by 705 · see citing works
Monoclonal antibody AT8 recognises tau protein phosphorylated at both serine 202 and threonine 205
Goedert, M., Jakes, R., & Vanmechelen, E. (1995) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/0304-3940(95)11484-e · Cited by 608 · see citing works
Lewis, D., Campbell, M., Terry, R., & Morrison, J. (1987) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.07-06-01799.1987 · Cited by 578 · see citing works
Architectonics of the Human Telencephalic Cortex
Braak, H. (1980) · Studies of brain function · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-81522-5 · Cited by 504 · see citing works
Perineuronal nets: past and present
Celio, M. R., Spreafico, R., De Biasi, S., & Vitellaro-Zuccarello, L. (1998) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/s0166-2236(98)01298-3 · Cited by 497 · see citing works
The Human Central Nervous System
Nieuwenhuys, R., Voogd, J., & van Huijzen, C. (1988) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-10343-2 · Cited by 477 · see citing works
Entorhinal cortex pathology in Alzheimer's disease
van Hoesen, G. W., Hyman, B. T., & Damasio, A. R. (1991) · Hippocampus · doi:10.1002/hipo.450010102 · Cited by 475 · see citing works
Formic acid pretreatment enhances immunostaining of cerebral and systemic amyloids.
Kitamoto, T., Ogomori, K., Tateishi, J., & Prusiner, S. B. (1987) · PubMed · Cited by 472 · see citing works
Ruoslahti, E. (1996) · Glycobiology · doi:10.1093/glycob/6.5.489 · Cited by 467 · see citing works
Wisteria floribunda agglutinin-labelled nets surround parvalbumin-containing neurons
Härtig, W., Brauer, K., & Brückner, G. (1992) · NeuroReport · doi:10.1097/00001756-199210000-00012 · Cited by 440 · see citing works
Self-citationRogers, J., & Morrison, J. (1985) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.05-10-02801.1985 · Cited by 410 · see citing works
Braak, H., & Braak, E. (1996) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/s004010050508 · Cited by 406 · see citing works
Alzheimer's Neurofibrillary Changes: A Topographic Study
HIRANO, A. (1962) · Archives of Neurology · doi:10.1001/archneur.1962.04210030065009 · Cited by 402 · see citing works
Perineuronal nets — a specialized form of extracellular matrix in the adult nervous system
Celio, M. R., & Blümcke, I. (1994) · Brain Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/0165-0173(94)90006-x · Cited by 386 · see citing works
Hof, P. R., Morrison, J. H., & Cox, K. (1990) · Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.903010105 · Cited by 365 · see citing works
Brückner, G., Brauer, K., Härtig, W., Wolff, J. R., Rickmann, M. J., Derouiche, A., Delpech, B., Girard, N., Oertel, W. H., & Reichenbach, A. (1993) · Glia · doi:10.1002/glia.440080306 · Cited by 358 · see citing works
Self-citationAnatomie des menschlichen Gehirns und Rückenmarks : auf myelogenetischer Grundlage
Flechsig, P. (1920) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 341 · see citing works
The human entorhinal cortex: normal morphology and lamina-specific pathology in various diseases
Braak, H., & Braak, E. (1992) · Neuroscience Research · doi:10.1016/0168-0102(92)90014-4 · Cited by 334 · see citing works
Pattern of brain destruction in Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases
Braak, H., Braak, E., Yilmazer‐Hanke, D., de Vos, R. A. I., Jansen, E. N. H., & Böhl, J. (1996) · Journal of Neural Transmission · doi:10.1007/bf01276421 · Cited by 326 · see citing works
Snow, A. D., Sekiguchi, R., Nochlin, D., Fraser, P., Kimata, K., Mizutani, A., Arai, M., Schreier, W., & Morgan, D. G. (1994) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/0896-6273(94)90165-1 · Cited by 301 · see citing works
Hof, P. R., & Morrison, J. H. (1990) · Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.903010106 · Cited by 294 · see citing works
(1984) · Cerebral cortex · doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-6610-6 · Cited by 289 · see citing works
The human entorhinal cortex: A cytoarchitectonic analysis
Insausti, R., Tuñón, T., Sobreviela, T., Serrano, A. M. I., & Gonzalo, L. M. (1995) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.903550203 · Cited by 275 · see citing works
Synapse loss in the temporal lobe in Alzheimer's disease
Scheff, S. W., & PRICE, D. A. (1993) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.410330209 · Cited by 263 · see citing works
Anatomical Evidence for MT and Additional Cortical Visual Areas in Humans
Tootell, R. B. H., & Taylor, J. B. (1995) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/5.1.39 · Cited by 253 · see citing works
The role of cortical connectivity in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis: A review and model system
LACOSTE, M. C. D., & White, C. L. (1993) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/0197-4580(93)90015-4 · Cited by 252 · see citing works
Saper, C., Wainer, B. H., & German, D. C. (1987) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/0306-4522(87)90063-7 · Cited by 239 · see citing works
Proteoglycans in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease and other amyloidoses
Snow, A. D., & Wight, T. N. (1989) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/0197-4580(89)90108-5 · Cited by 217 · see citing works
Hendry, S., Jones, E. G., Hockfield, S. J., & McKay, R. D. G. (1988) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.08-02-00518.1988 · Cited by 205 · see citing works
The Human Entorhinal Cortex: A Cytoarchitectonic Analysis
Lnsausti, R., Tuñón, T., Sobreviela, T., Lnsausti, A., & Gonzalo, L. M. (2017) · Revista de medicina de la Universidad de Navarra · doi:10.15581/021.6935 · Cited by 201 · see citing works
Lander, C., Kind, P., Maleski, M., & Hockfield, S. (1997) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.17-06-01928.1997 · Cited by 195 · see citing works
Milev, P., Chiba, A., Häring, M., Rauvala, H., Schachner, M., Ranscht, B., Margolis, R. K., & Margolis, R. U. (1998) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.273.12.6998 · Cited by 190 · see citing works
HOF, P. R., COX, K., Young, W. G., Celio, M. R., Rogers, J., & Morrison, J. H. (1991) · Journal of Neuropathology & Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1097/00005072-199107000-00006 · Cited by 188 · see citing works
Bancher, C., Grundke, I., Iqbal, K., Fried, V. A., Smith, H. T., & Wisniewski, H. M. (1991) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(91)90681-k · Cited by 185 · see citing works
Zaremba, S., Guimaraes, A., Kalb, R. G., & Hockfield, S. J. (1989) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/0896-6273(89)90305-x · Cited by 182 · see citing works
Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans Are Associated with the Lesions of Alzheimer's Disease
DeWitt, D. A., Silver, J., Canning, D. R., & Perry, G. L. (1993) · Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1006/exnr.1993.1081 · Cited by 182 · see citing works
Association of heparan sulfate proteoglycan with the neurofibrillary tangles of Alzheimer's disease
Perry, G. L., Siedlak, S. L., Richey, P. L., Kawai, M., Cras, P. P., Kalaria, R. N., Pg, G., Scardina, J. M., Cordell, B., & Greenberg, B. (1991) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.11-11-03679.1991 · Cited by 173 · see citing works
Brückner, G., Bringmann, A., Härtig, W., Köppe, G., Delpech, B., & Brauer, K. (1998) · Experimental Brain Research · doi:10.1007/s002210050463 · Cited by 162 · see citing works
Self-citationNeurocan and phosphacan: two major nervous tissue-specific chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans.
Margolis, R. K., Rauch, U., Maurel, P., & Margolis, R. U. (1996) · PubMed · Cited by 160 · see citing works
Seeger, G., Brauer, K., Ha¨rtig, W., & Bru¨ckner, G. (1994) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/0306-4522(94)90044-2 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
Self-citationHa¨rtig, W., Brauer, K., Bigl, V., & Bru¨ckner, G. (1994) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(94)91452-4 · Cited by 147 · see citing works
Self-citationAlzheimer's disease: areal and laminar pathology in the occipital isocortex
Braak, H., Braak, E., & Kalus, P. (1989) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/bf00687251 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
Snow, A. D., Mar, H., Nochlin, D., Kresse, H., & Wight, T. N. (1992) · Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry · doi:10.1177/40.1.1370306 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
Brückner, G., Seeger, G., Brauer, K., Härtig, W., Kacza, J., & Bigl, V. (1994) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(09)90012-9 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
Self-citationPerlmutter, L. S., Chui, H. C., Saperia, D., & Athanikar, J. N. (1990) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(90)91111-s · Cited by 131 · see citing works
DeYoe, E. A., Hockfield, S. J., Garren, H., & Essen, D. C. V. (1990) · Visual Neuroscience · doi:10.1017/s0952523800000080 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Parvalbumin-immunoreactive neurons in the hippocampal formation of Alzheimer’s diseased brain
Brady, D. R., & Mufson, E. J. (1997) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/s0306-4522(97)00068-7 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Arendt, T., Brückner, M. K., Gertz, H.-J., & Marcova, L. (1998) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/s0306-4522(97)00509-5 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Self-citationProteoglycans in the nervous system
Lander, A. D. (1993) · Current Opinion in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/0959-4388(93)90143-m · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Extracellular matrix organization in various regions of rat brain grey matter
Brückner, G., Härtig, W., Kacza, J., Seeger, J., Welt, K., & Brauer, K. (1996) · Journal of Neurocytology · doi:10.1007/bf02284806 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Self-citationMolecular determinants of GABAergic local-circuit neurons in the visual cortex
Naegele, J. R., & Barnstable, C. J. (1989) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/0166-2236(89)90153-7 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
[6] Aggrecan-versican-neurocan family of proteoglycans
Margolis, R. U., & Margolis, R. K. (1994) · Methods in enzymology on CD-ROM/Methods in enzymology · doi:10.1016/0076-6879(94)45008-0 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Neuropathologic Changes of the Temporal Pole in Alzheimer's Disease and Pick's Disease
Arnold, S. E., Hyman, B. T., & Hoesen, G. W. V. (1994) · Archives of Neurology · doi:10.1001/archneur.1994.00540140051014 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Naegele, J. R., Arimatsu, Y., Schwartz, P. M., & Barnstable, C. J. (1988) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.08-01-00079.1988 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Intrinsic Physiology and Morphology of Single Neurons in Neocortex
Amitai, Y., & Connors, B. W. (1995) · Cerebral cortex · doi:10.1007/978-1-4757-9616-2_7 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Snow, A. D., Nochlin, D., Sekiguchi, R., et al. (1996) · Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1006/exnr.1996.0069 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
The LectinVicia VillosaLabels a Distinct Subset of GABAergic Cells in Macaque Visual Cortex
Mulligan, K. A., van Brederode, J. F. M., & Hendrickson, A. E. (1989) · Visual Neuroscience · doi:10.1017/s0952523800004338 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Ikonomović, M. D., Mizukami, K., Davies, P., Hamilton, R. L., Sheffield, R., & Armstrong, D. M. (1997) · Journal of Neuropathology & Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1097/00005072-199709000-00007 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Holzer, M., Holzapfel, H.-P., Zedlick, D., Brückner, M. K., & Arendt, T. (1994) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/0306-4522(94)90546-0 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Self-citationChondroitin sulfate proteoglycan surrounds a subset of human and rat CNS neurons
Bertolotto, A., Rocca, G., Canavese, G., Migheli, A., & Schiffer, D. (1991) · Journal of Neuroscience Research · doi:10.1002/jnr.490290213 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Morino-Wannier, P., Fujita, S. C., & Jones, E. G. (1992) · Experimental Brain Research · doi:10.1007/bf02259117 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Kosaka, T., Isogai, K., Barnstable, C. J., & Heizmann, C. W. (1990) · Experimental Brain Research · doi:10.1007/bf00228797 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Neural Correlates of Cognitive Impairment in Alzheimer's Disease
Hoesen, G. W. V., & Damásio, A. R. (1987) · Comprehensive physiology · doi:10.1002/cphy.cp010522 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan form of the Alzheimer's beta-amyloid precursor.
Shioi, J., Anderson, J. P., Ripellino, J. A., & Robakis, N. K. R. K. (1992) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(19)49641-5 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Sampson, V., Morrison, J. H., & Vickers, J. C. (1997) · Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1006/exnr.1997.6433 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Immunohistochemical localization of hyaluronic acid in rat and human brain
Yasuhara, O., Akiyama, H., McGeer, E. G., & McGeer, P. L. (1994) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(94)91448-6 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Multhaup, G. (1994) · Biochimie · doi:10.1016/0300-9084(94)90163-5 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Isolation of a large aggregating proteoglycan from human brain.
Perides, G., Rahemtulla, F. G., Lane, W. S., Asher, R. A., & Bignami, A. (1992) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)35919-2 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Ferrer, I., Soriano, E., Tuñón, T., Fonseca, M., & Guionnet, N. (1991) · Journal of the Neurological Sciences · doi:10.1016/0022-510x(91)90250-b · Cited by 72 · see citing works
The cortex of the primary auditory area in Alzheimer's disease
Esiri, M. M., Pearson, R. C. A., & Powell, T. P. S. (1986) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(86)91324-7 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Hyaluronan and Hyaluronectin in the Nervous System
Delpech, B., DELPECH, A., Brückner, G., Girard, N., & Maingonnat, C. (2007) · Novartis Foundation symposium · doi:10.1002/9780470513774.ch13 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Self-citationGertz, H., Xuereb, J. H., Huppert, F. A., Brayne, C., McGee, M. A., Paykel, E. S., Harrington, C. R., Mukaetova-Ladinska, E., Arendt, T., & Wischik, C. M. (1998) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/s004010050780 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Self-citationEntorhinal—hippocampal interaction in mnestic disorders
Braak, H., & Braak, E. (1993) · Hippocampus · doi:10.1002/hipo.1993.4500030727 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Entorhinal-hippocampal interaction in mnestic disorders.
Braak, H., & Braak, E. (1993) · PubMed · Cited by 64 · see citing works
L�th, H. J., Fischer, J., & Celio, M. R. (1992) · Journal of Neurocytology · doi:10.1007/bf01194979 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Shioi, J., Pangalos, M. N., Ripellino, J. A., Vassilacopoulou, D., Mytilineou, C., Margolis, R. U., & Robakis, N. K. R. K. (1995) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.270.20.11839 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Zilles, K. (1990) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-547625-6.50027-1 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Pyramidal cells ensheathed by perineuronal nets in human motor and somatosensory cortex
Hausen, D., Brückner, G., Drlicek, M., Härtig, W., Brauer, K., & Bigl, V. (1996) · NeuroReport · doi:10.1097/00001756-199607290-00006 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Self-citationBrauer, K., Werner, L., & Leibnitz, L. (1982) · PubMed · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Self-citationCo-localization of hyaluronic acid and chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan in rat cerebral cortex
Bignami, A., Asher, R., & Perides, G. (1992) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(92)90759-3 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Okamoto, M., Mori, S., Ichimura, M., & Endô, H. (1994) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/0304-3940(94)90660-2 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Structural and cytochemical features of perineuronal glial nets in the rat brain
Brauer, K., Brückner, G., Leibnitz, L., & Werner, L. (1984) · Acta Histochemica · doi:10.1016/s0065-1281(84)80026-4 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Self-citationMolecular differences among neurons reveal an organization of human visual cortex.
Hockfield, S. J., Tootell, R. B. H., & Zaremba, S. (1990) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.87.8.3027 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Vermersch, P., Frigard, B., & Delacourte, A. (1992) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/bf00304633 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Cellular and molecular pathology in alzheimer's disease
Crutcher, K. A., Anderton, B. H., Barger, S. W., Ohm, T. G., & Snow, A. D. (1993) · Hippocampus · doi:10.1002/hipo.1993.4500030730 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Mercken, M. H., Vandermeeren, M., Lübke, U., Six, J., Boons, J., Vanmechelen, E., VOORDE, A. V. D., & Gheuens, J. (1992) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1992.tb09754.x · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Vicia villosa lectin-positive neurones in human cerebral cortex. Loss in Alzheimer-type dementia
Kobayashi, K., Emson, P. C., & Mountjoy, C. Q. (1989) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(89)90416-2 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Degenerative and protective signaling mechanisms in the neurofibrillary pathology of AD
Mattson, M. P. (1995) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/0197-4580(94)00182-z · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Wintergerst, E. S., Faissner, A., & Celio, M. R. (1996) · International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/0736-5748(96)00011-1 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Seeger, G., Lüth, H. J., Winkelmann, E., & Brauer, K. (1996) · PubMed · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Self-citationHyman, B. T., Damasio, H., Damasio, A. R., & Hoesen, G. W. V. (1989) · Annual Review of Public Health · doi:10.1146/annurev.pu.10.050189.000555 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Distribution of cat‐301 immunoreactivity in the frontal and parietal lobes of the macaque monkey
McGuire, P. K., Hockfield, S. J., & Goldman, P. S. (1989) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.902880207 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Immunohistochemical localization of chondroitin sulfate in normal and pathological human muscle
Bertolotto, A., Palmucci, L., Gagliano, A., Mongini, T., & Tarone, G. (1986) · Journal of the Neurological Sciences · doi:10.1016/0022-510x(86)90148-6 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Hof, P. R. (2008) · European Neurology · doi:10.1159/000117414 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Pangalos, M. N., Shioi, J., Efthimiopoulos, S., et al. (1996) · Neurodegeneration · doi:10.1006/neur.1996.0061 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Kalaria, R. N., Kroon, S. N., Grahovac, I., et al. (1992) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/0306-4522(92)90482-h · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Subdivisions of the visual system labeled with the Cat-301 antibody in tree shrews
Jain, N., Preuss, T. M., & Kaas, J. H. (1994) · Visual Neuroscience · doi:10.1017/s0952523800003035 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Neurons with Intensely Negatively Charged Extracellular Matrix in the Human Visual Cortex.
MURAKAMI, T., Ohtsuka, A., & TAGUCHI, T. (1994) · Archivum histologicum japonicum · doi:10.1679/aohc.57.509 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Derouiche, A., Härtig, W., Brauer, K., & Brückner, G. (1996) · PubMed · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Self-citationPhotometric studies on the myeloarchitecture of the human temporal lobe.
Hopf, A. (1968) · PubMed · Cited by 35 · see citing works
A Cellular Mechanism for the Neuronal Changes Underlying Alzheimer‘s Disease
Vickers, J. C. (1997) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/s0306-4522(96)00662-8 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Proteoglycans and the extracellular matrix in amyloidosis
Magnus, J. H., & Stenstad, T. (1997) · Amyloid · doi:10.3109/13506129708995282 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Hof, P. R., Giannakopoulos, P., Vickers, J. C., Bouras, C., & Morrison, J. H. (1995) · Reviews in the Neurosciences · doi:10.1515/revneuro.1995.6.2.97 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Parvalbumin‐immunoreactive structures of the adult human entorhinal and transentorhinal region
Schmidt, S., Braak, E., & Braak, H. (1993) · Hippocampus · doi:10.1002/hipo.450030407 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Brückner, G., Härtig, W., Seeger, J., Rübsamen, R., Reimer, K., & Brauer, K. (1998) · Anatomy and Embryology · doi:10.1007/s004290050135 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Self-citationRegistration of the myeloarchitecture of the human frontal lobe with an extinction method.
Hopf, A. (1968) · PubMed · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Kosaka, T., Heizmann, C., & Fujita, S. (1992) · Experimental Brain Research · doi:10.1007/bf00229007 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Bignami, A., Asher, R., Perides, G., & Rahemtulla, F. G. (1992) · International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/0736-5748(92)90018-u · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Fillit, H. M., & Leveugle, B. (1995) · PubMed · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan form of cellular and cell-surface Alzheimer amyloid precursor
Shioi, J., Refolo, L. M., Efthimiopoulos, S., & Robakis, N. K. R. K. (1993) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/0304-3940(93)90186-o · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Ojima, H., Sakai, M., & Ohyama, J. (1998) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(97)01564-3 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Two classes of cortical neurones labelled with Vicia villosa lectin in the guinea-pig
Ojima, H., Kuroda, M., Ohyama, J., & Kishi, K. (1995) · Neuroreport · doi:10.1097/00001756-199503000-00008 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Snow, A. D., & Castillo, G. M. (1997) · Amyloid · doi:10.3109/13506129708995283 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Duong, T., & Gallagher, K. A. (1994) · Molecular and Chemical Neuropathology · doi:10.1007/bf03160099 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
The roles of perineuronal nets and the perinodal extracellular matrix in neuronal function
Fawcett, J. W., Oohashi, T., & Pizzorusso, T. (2019) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/s41583-019-0196-3 · Cited by 589 · see citing works
Composition of Perineuronal Net Extracellular Matrix in Rat Brain
Deepa, S. S., Carulli, D., Galtrey, C., Rhodes, K., Fukuda, J., Mikami, T., Sugahara, K., & Fawcett, J. W. (2006) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m600544200 · Cited by 367 · see citing works
Pantazopoulos, H., Woo, T.-U. W., Lim, M. P., Lange, N., & Berretta, S. (2010) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2009.196 · Cited by 296 · see citing works
Microglia facilitate loss of perineuronal nets in the Alzheimer's disease brain
Crapser, J. D., Spangenberg, E. E., Barahona, R. A., Arreola, M. A., Hohsfield, L. A., & Green, K. N. (2020) · EBioMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.102919 · Cited by 280 · see citing works
Perineuronal nets potentially protect against oxidative stress
Morawski, M., Brückner, M. K., Riederer, P., Brückner, G., & Arendt, T. (2004) · Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2004.04.017 · Cited by 246 · see citing works
Self-citationExtracellular matrix abnormalities in schizophrenia
Berretta, S. (2012) · Neuropharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2011.08.010 · Cited by 179 · see citing works
The Perineuronal ‘Safety’ Net? Perineuronal Net Abnormalities in Neurological Disorders
Wen, T. H., Binder, D. K., Ethell, I. M., & Razak, K. A. (2018) · Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnmol.2018.00270 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
Suttkus, A., Rohn, S., Weigel, S., Glöckner, P., Arendt, T., & Morawski, M. (2014) · Cell Death & Disease · doi:10.1038/cddis.2014.25 · Cited by 168 · see citing works
Self-citationHylin, M. J., Orsi, S. A., Moore, A. N., & Dash, P. K. (2013) · Learning & Memory · doi:10.1101/lm.030197.112 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
Morawski, M., Brückner, G., Jäger, C., Seeger, G., Matthews, R. T., & Arendt, T. (2012) · Brain Pathology · doi:10.1111/j.1750-3639.2011.00557.x · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Self-citationMorawski, M., Brückner, G., Jäger, C., Seeger, G., & Arendt, T. (2010) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2010.05.022 · Cited by 156 · see citing works
Self-citationAggrecan: Beyond cartilage and into the brain
Morawski, M., Brückner, G., Arendt, T., & Matthews, R. T. (2012) · The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology · doi:10.1016/j.biocel.2012.01.010 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
Self-citationMorawski, M., Reinert, T., Meyer-Klaucke, W., Wagner, F. E., Tröger, W., Reinert, A., Jäger, C., Brückner, G., & Arendt, T. (2015) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep16471 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Self-citationWegner, F., Härtig, W., Bringmann, A., Grosche, J., Wohlfarth, K., Zuschratter, W., & Brückner, G. (2003) · Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1016/s0014-4886(03)00313-3 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Self-citationPerineuronal nets protect against amyloid β-protein neurotoxicity in cultured cortical neurons
Miyata, S., Nishimura, Y., & Nakashima, T. (2007) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2007.02.066 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Perineuronal nets and schizophrenia: The importance of neuronal coatings
Bitanihirwe, B. K. Y., & Woo, T.-U. W. (2014) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2014.03.018 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Lendvai, D., Morawski, M., Négyessy, L., Gáti, G., Jäger, C., Baksa, G., Glasz, T., Attems, J., Tanila, H., Arendt, T., et al. (2013) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/s00401-012-1042-0 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Self-citationDistribution of pyramidal cells associated with perineuronal nets in the neocortex of rat
Alpár, A., Gärtner, U., Härtig, W., & Brückner, G. (2006) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2006.08.069 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Self-citationECM in brain aging and dementia
Morawski, M., Filippov, M., Tzinia, A., Tsilibary, E., & Vargova, L. (2014) · Progress in Brain Research · doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-63486-3.00010-4 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Diverse functions of perineuronal nets
Karetko, M., & Skangiel-Kramska, J. (2009) · Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis · doi:10.55782/ane-2009-1766 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Construction of perineuronal net-like structure by cortical neurons in culture
Miyata, S., Nishimura, Y., Hayashi, N., & Oohira, A. (2005) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2005.07.031 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Huynh, M. B., Ouidja, M. O., Chantepie, S., Carpentier, G., Maïza, A., Zhang, G., Vilares, J., Raisman-Vozari, R., & Papy-Garcia, D. (2019) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0209573 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Yang, S., Hilton, S., Alves, J. N., Saksida, L. M., Bussey, T., Matthews, R. T., Kitagawa, H., Spillantini, M. G., Kwok, J. C. F., & Fawcett, J. W. (2017) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2017.08.002 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Härtig, W., Mages, B., Aleithe, S., Nitzsche, B., Altmann, S., Barthel, H., Krueger, M., & Michalski, D. (2017) · Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnint.2017.00015 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Self-citationGray, E., Thomas, T. L., Betmouni, S., Scolding, N., & Love, S. (2008) · Journal of Neuropathology & Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1097/nen.0b013e318183d003 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Kelly, E. A., Russo, A. S., Jackson, C. D., Lamantia, C. E., & Majewska, A. K. (2015) · Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncel.2015.00369 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Perineuronal nets in the rhesus monkey and human basal forebrain including basal ganglia
Adams, I., Brauer, K., Arélin, C., Härtig, W., Fine, A., Mäder, M., Arendt, T., & Brückner, G. (2001) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/s0306-4522(01)00419-5 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Self-citationKaretko-Sysa, M., Skangiel-Kramska, J., & Nowicka, D. (2011) · Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2011.05.022 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Brückner, G., Kacza, J., & Grosche, J. (2004) · Journal of Molecular Histology · doi:10.1023/b:hijo.0000023374.22298.50 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Self-citationPerineuronal net deglycosylation associates with tauopathy‐induced gliosis and neurodegeneration
Logsdon, A. F., Foresi, B., Hu, S. J., Quah, E., Meuret, C. J., Le, J. P., Hendrickson, A. S., Redford, I. K., Kumar, A., Phan, B. A., et al. (2024) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/jnc.16067 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
The Binding of Iron to Perineuronal Nets: A Combined Nuclear Microscopy and Mössbauer Study
Morawski, M., Reinert, T., Brückner, G., Wagner, F. E., Arendt, T. H., & Tröger, W. (2005) · Hyperfine Interactions · doi:10.1007/s10751-005-9116-1 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Self-citation
- Authors
- Brückner, G., Hausen, D., Härtig, W., Drlicek, M., Arendt, T., & Brauer, K.
- Affiliations
- Leipzig University (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Brückner, G.
- ORCID
- Arendt, T.
- Venue
- Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1999-06
- Volume
- 92
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 791-805
- ISSN
- 0306-4522 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2046113429
- Cited by
- 196
- References
- 127
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 1.54
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Keywords
- perineuronal nets, chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans, extracellular matrix, Alzheimer's disease, cerebral cortex, primary motor cortex, primary auditory cortex, association cortex, pyramidal neurons, non-pyramidal neurons, hyperphosphorylated tau, neurofibrillary tangles, amyloid-beta deposition, entorhinal cortex, cortical cytoskeleton
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Alzheimer Disease, Cerebral Cortex, Cytoskeleton, Extracellular Matrix, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Neurofibrils, Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans, Reference Values, Amyloid beta-Peptides
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
