Cited by 7Prion Diseases and Protein MisfoldingNeuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration MechanismsAlzheimer's disease research and treatments

Innate Immune Tolerance in Microglia Does Not Impact on Central Nervous System Prion Disease

Open access
Pal, Reiss, Bradford, Barry M., Mabbott, Neil A.·2022·Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience

Abstract

Prion diseases such as Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in humans, bovine spongiform encephalopathy in cattle, and scrapie in sheep, are infectious and chronic neurodegenerative diseases to which there are no cures. Infection with prions in the central nervous system (CNS) ultimately causes extensive neurodegeneration, and this is accompanied by prominent microglial and astrocytic activation in affected regions. The microglia are the CNS macrophages and help maintain neuronal homeostasis, clear dead or dying cells and provide defense against pathogens. The microglia also provide neuroprotection during CNS prion disease, but their pro-inflammatory activation may exacerbate the development of the neuropathology. Innate immune tolerance induced by consecutive systemic bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment can induce long-term epigenetic changes in the microglia in the brain that several months later can dampen their responsiveness to subsequent LPS treatment and impede the development of neuritic damage in a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease-like pathology. We therefore reasoned that innate immune tolerance in microglia might similarly impede the subsequent development of CNS prion disease. To test this hypothesis groups of mice were first infected with prions by intracerebral injection, and 35 days later given four consecutive systemic injections with LPS to induce innate immune tolerance. Our data show that consecutive systemic LPS treatment did not affect the subsequent development of CNS prion disease. Our data suggests innate immune tolerance in microglia does not influence the subsequent onset of prion disease-induced neuropathology in mice, despite previously published evidence of this effect in an Alzheimer’s disease mouse model.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.3389/fncel.2022.918883

Cites

45 of 45 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • The region-specific increase in microglia numbers during the course of prion disease has been shown with several mouse-adapted prion strains and may be aggravated by systemic infection.

    “The region-specific increase in microglia numbers during the course of a prion disease had already been shown with several mouse adapted prion strains [45,46,47] and may be aggravated by systemic infection [48,49].”

    From Loss of Homeostatic Microglia Signature in Prion Diseases (2022) · cites this paper as [49]

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Pal, R., Bradford, B. M., & Mabbott, N. A.
Affiliations
Roslin Institute (GB)
Corresponding author
Mabbott, Neil A.
Venue
Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience
Published
2022-06-30
Volume
16
Pages
918883-918883
ISSN
1662-5102 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W4283716504
Cited by
7
References
45
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 1
FWCI
0.49
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Edinburgh Research Explorer (University of Edinburgh) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Prion Diseases and Protein Misfolding
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
Keywords
innate immune tolerance, microglia, prion disease, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, lipopolysaccharide, epigenetic modifications, neuroinflammation, neuroprotection, neurodegeneration, transgenic mouse model, Alzheimer's disease

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review