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Cited by 45Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ResearchAmyloidosis: Diagnosis, Treatment, OutcomesAlzheimer's disease research and treatments

Risk factors of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a global meta-summary

Open access
Duan, Qing-Qing, Jiang, Zheng, Su, Wei-Ming, Gu, Xiao-Jing, Wang, Han, Cheng, Yang-Fan, Cao, Bei, Gao, Xia +2 more·2023·Frontiers in Neuroscience
DOI 10.3389/fnins.2023.1177431PMC PMC10165003
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Abstract

Background: The etiology of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) remains largely unknown. This study aimed to summarize the relationship between ALS and its genetic and non-genetic risk factors. Method: A search of relevant literature from PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Database from inception to December 2022 was performed. Random-effects or fixed-effects models were performed by Stata MP 15.0 to pool multivariate or adjusted ratios (OR). PROSPERO registration number: CRD42022301549. Results: 230 eligible studies were included, of which 67 involved 22 non-genetic factors, and 163 involved genetic factors. Four aspects of non-genetic factors, including lifestyle, environmental and occupational exposures, pre-existing diseases/comorbidity and medical exposures, and others, were analyzed. Exposure to heavy metals (OR = 1.79), pesticides (OR = 1.46), solvents (OR = 1.37), previous head trauma (OR = 1.37), military service (OR = 1.29), stroke (OR = 1.26), magnetic field (OR = 1.22) and hypertension (OR = 1.04) are significant risk factors, but use of antidiabetics (OR = 0.52), high BMI (OR = 0.60 for obese and overweight vs. normal and underweight), living in urban (OR = 0.70), diabetes mellitus (OR = 0.83), and kidney disease (OR = 0.84) decrease the risk for ALS. In addition, eight common ALS-related genes were evaluated, the mutation frequencies of these genes were ranked from highest to lowest as SOD1 (2.2%), C9orf72 (2.1%), ATXN2 (1.7%), FUS (1.7%), TARDBP (0.8%), VCP (0.6%), UBQLN2(0.6%) and SQSTM1 (0.6%) in all the ALS patients. Conclusions: Our findings suggested that effective intervention for risk exposure and timely modification of lifestyle might prevent the occurrence of ALS. Genetic mutations are important risk factors for ALS and it is essential to detect genetic mutations correctly and scientifically. Systematic review registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=301549, identifier: CRD42022301549.

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Duan, Q.-Q., Jiang, Z., Su, W.-M., Gu, X.-J., Wang, H., Cheng, Y.-F., Cao, B., Gao, X., Wang, Y., & Chen, Y.-P.
Affiliations
  • Sichuan University (CN)
  • Dazhou Central Hospital (CN)
ORCID
Venue
Frontiers in Neuroscience
Publisher
Frontiers Media SA
Published
2023-04-24
Volume
17
Pages
1177431-1177431
ISSN
1662-453X (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3389/fnins.2023.1177431
PMC
PMC10165003
OpenAlex
W4366828439
Cited by
45
References
0
Citations by year
2026: 19 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 3
FWCI
1.83
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Frontiers in Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFC2703101)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Research
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Amyloidosis: Diagnosis, Treatment, Outcomes
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
Keywords
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, risk factors, genetic risk factors, non-genetic risk factors, heavy metal exposure, pesticide exposure, occupational exposure, head trauma, military service, stroke, magnetic field exposure, obesity, diabetes mellitus, kidney disease, SOD1, C9orf72, ATXN2, FUS, TARDBP, VCP, UBQLN2, p62

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