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Cited by 15Physical Activity and HealthAdipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic DiseasesCardiovascular and exercise physiology

Exercise Does Not Protect against Peripheral and Central Effects of a High Cholesterol Diet Given Ad libitum in Old ApoE−/− Mice

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Di Cataldo, Vanessa, Géloën, Alain, Langlois, Jean-Baptiste, Chauveau, Fabien, Thézé, Benoît, Hubert, Violaine, Wiart, Marlène, Chirico, Erica N. +4 more·2016·Frontiers in Physiology
DOI 10.3389/fphys.2016.00453PMC PMC5052582
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Abstract

Aim: Advanced atherosclerosis increases inflammation and stroke risk in the cerebral vasculature. Exercise is known to improve cardio-metabolic profiles when associated with a caloric restriction, but it remains debated whether it is still beneficial without the dietary control. The aim of this study was to determine both the peripheral and central effects of exercise training combined with a cholesterol-rich diet given ad libitum in old ApoE-/- mice. Methods: 45-weeks old obese ApoE-/-mice fed with a high cholesterol diet ad libitum were divided into Exercise-trained (EX; running wheel free access) and Sedentary (SED) groups. Insulin tolerance and brain imaging were performed before and after the twelve-weeks training. Tissue insulin resistance, oxidative stress and inflammation markers in plasma, aorta and brain were then assessed. Results: In EX ApoE-/- mice, no beneficial effect of exercise was observed on weight, abdominal fat, metabolic parameters, oxidative stress, or inflammation compared to SED. Despite the regular exercise training in ApoE-/- EX mice (mean of 12.5 km/week during twelve weeks), brain inflammation imaging score was significantly associated with increased blood brain barrier (BBB) leakage evaluated by imaging follow-up (r²=0.87; p=0.049) with a faster evolution compared to SED ApoE-/-mice. Conclusion: We conclude that in a context of high cardio-metabolic risk, exercise does not provide any protective effect in old ApoE-/- animals under high cholesterol diet given ad libitum. Peripheral (insulin sensitivity and oxidative/inflammatory status) but also central features (BBB preservation and protection against inflammation) did not show any benefits of exercise. Indeed, there was a fast induction of irreversible brain damage that was more pronounced in exercise-trained ApoE-/- mice.

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  • Transgenic mice lacking Apoe develop an early BBB breakdown.

    “Transgenic mice lacking Apoe also develop an early BBB breakdown (60, 99, 147, 187, 226, 233, 406, 426, 437, 554), indicating that APOE is essential for maintaining BBB integrity.”

    From Blood-Brain Barrier: From Physiology to Disease and Back (2019) · cites this paper as [147]

    The Results (Brain imaging and immunochemistry; page unavailable) report focal BBB leakage in ApoE−/− mice at the start of the study, unlike age-matched wild-type mice. But the study used 45-week-old mice; finding leakage early in its follow-up does not establish that BBB breakdown develops early in life. (LLM, conf=0.86)

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Authors
Di Cataldo, V., Géloën, A., Langlois, J.-B., Chauveau, F., Thézé, B., Hubert, V., Wiart, M., Chirico, E. N., Rieusset, J., Vidal, H., Pialoux, V., & Canet-Soulas, E.
Affiliations
  • Lyon 1 Université (FR)
  • Centre d'Exploration et de Recherche Médicale par Emission de Positons (FR)
ORCID
Venue
Frontiers in Physiology
Publisher
Frontiers Media SA
Published
2016-10-06
Volume
7
Pages
453-453
ISSN
1664-042X (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3389/fphys.2016.00453
PMC
PMC5052582
OpenAlex
W2528228860
Cited by
15
References
3
Citations by year
2023: 2 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 2
FWCI
2.15
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
cc-by
Locations
  • Frontiers in Physiology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • HAL (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • HAL (submittedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
  • Institut Universitaire de France
  • Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
Keywords
exercise training, high-cholesterol diet, ApoE-deficient mice, aging, neuroinflammation, blood-brain barrier disruption, insulin resistance, oxidative stress, atherosclerosis, cerebral vasculature, caloric restriction, sedentary behavior

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