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Cited by 43Postharvest Quality and Shelf Life ManagementEssential Oils and Antimicrobial ActivityFungal Plant Pathogen Control

Chitosan Coating Enriched With Ruta graveolens L. Essential Oil Reduces Postharvest Anthracnose of Papaya (Carica papaya L.) and Modulates Defense-Related Gene Expression

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Landi, Lucia, Peralta-Ruiz, Yeimmy, Chaves-López, Clemencia, Romanazzi, Gianfranco·2021·Frontiers in Plant Science
DOI 10.3389/fpls.2021.765806PMC PMC8632526
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Abstract

essential oil (REO) might represent a novel eco-friendly method to prevent postharvest anthracnose infection. These compounds show both antimicrobial and eliciting activities, although the molecular mechanisms in papaya have not been investigated to date. In this study, the effectiveness of CS and REO alone and combined (CS-REO) on postharvest anthracnose of papaya fruit during storage were investigated, along with the expression of selected genes involved in plant defense mechanisms. Anthracnose incidence was reduced with CS, REO, and CS-REO emulsions after 9 days storage at 25°C, by 8, 21, and 37%, respectively, with disease severity reduced by 22, 29, and 44%, respectively. Thus, McKinney's decay index was reduced by 22, 30, and 44%, respectively. A protocol based on reverse transcription quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) was validated for 17 papaya target genes linked to signaling pathways that regulate plant defense, pathogenesis-related protein, cell wall-degrading enzymes, oxidative stress, abiotic stress, and the phenylpropanoid pathway. CS induced gene upregulation mainly at 6 h posttreatment (hpt) and 48 hpt, while REO induced the highest upregulation at 0.5 hpt, which then decreased over time. Furthermore, CS-REO treatment delayed gene upregulation by REO alone, from 0.5 to 6 hpt, and kept that longer over time. This study suggests that CS stabilizes the volatile and/or hydrophobic substances of highly reactive essential oils. The additive effects of CS and REO were able to reduce postharvest decay and affect gene expression in papaya fruit.

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Authors
Landi, L., Peralta-Ruiz, Y., Chaves-López, C., & Romanazzi, G.
Affiliations
  • Marche Polytechnic University (IT)
  • University of Teramo (IT)
Corresponding author
Romanazzi, Gianfranco
ORCID
Venue
Frontiers in Plant Science
Publisher
Frontiers Media SA
Published
2021-11-11
Volume
12
Pages
765806-765806
ISSN
1664-462X (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3389/fpls.2021.765806
PMC
PMC8632526
OpenAlex
W3214578199
Cited by
43
References
4
Citations by year
2026: 4 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 4
FWCI
4.21
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Frontiers in Plant Science (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Università Politecnica delle Marche (Università Politecnica delle Marche) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
  • UniTERAMO Research Catalog (University of Teramo) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Postharvest Quality and Shelf Life Management
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Essential Oils and Antimicrobial Activity
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics › Fungal Plant Pathogen Control
Keywords
chitosan coating, papaya, Carica papaya, postharvest anthracnose, fruit decay, plant defense gene expression, elicitation, pathogenesis-related proteins, cell wall degrading enzymes, oxidative stress, phenylpropanoid pathway, abiotic stress, decay index, essential oil stability

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