Psychometric properties of language assessments for children aged 4–12 years: A systematic review
Open accessAbstract
Introduction: Standardized assessments are widely used by speech pathologists in clinical and research settings to evaluate the language abilities of school-aged children and inform decisions about diagnosis, eligibility for services and intervention. Given the significance of these decisions, it is important that assessments have sound psychometric properties. Objective: The aim of this systematic review was to examine the psychometric quality of currently available comprehensive language assessments for school-aged children and identify assessments with the best evidence for use. Methods: Using the PRISMA framework as a guideline, a search of five databases and a review of websites and textbooks was undertaken to identify language assessments and published material on the reliability and validity of these assessments. The methodological quality of selected studies was evaluated using the COSMIN taxonomy and checklist. Results: Fifteen assessments were evaluated. For most assessments evidence of hypothesis testing (convergent and discriminant validity) was identified; with a smaller number of assessments having some evidence of reliability and content validity. No assessments presented with evidence of structural validity, internal consistency or error measurement. Overall, all assessments were identified as having limitations with regards to evidence of psychometric quality. Conclusions: Further research is required to provide good evidence of psychometric quality for currently available language assessments. Of the assessments evaluated, the Assessment of Literacy and Language, the Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals- 5th Edition, the Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals – Preschool: 2nd Edition and the Preschool Language Scales – 5th Edition presented with most evidence and are thus recommended for use.
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Studies were included if they concerned standardized norm-referenced spoken language assessments, from any English-speaking country with normative data for use with mono-lingual English-speaking children aged 4-12 years.
“Studies were included if they concerned standardized norm-referenced spoken language assessments, from any English-speaking country with normative data for use with mono-lingual English-speaking children aged 4–12 years.”
From Developmental Language Disorder: Early Predictors, Age for the Diagnosis, and Diagnostic Tools. A Scoping Review (2021) · cites this paper as [70]
Denman et al. took into account tests assessing language skills across at least two of the three domains of semantics, morphosyntax, and discourse.
“Denman et al. [70] took into account tests assessing language skills across at least two of the three domains of semantics, morphosyntax, and discourse.”
From Developmental Language Disorder: Early Predictors, Age for the Diagnosis, and Diagnostic Tools. A Scoping Review (2021) · cites this paper as [70]
Denman et al. did not consider responsiveness, cross-cultural validity, and criterion validity.
“Denman et al. did not consider responsiveness, cross-cultural validity (as all the tools were originally published in English) and criterion validity.”
From Developmental Language Disorder: Early Predictors, Age for the Diagnosis, and Diagnostic Tools. A Scoping Review (2021) · cites this paper as [70]
Starting from 4 years onwards is considered appropriate for tests designed to assess language skills across at least two of the domains of spoken language included by Denman et al.
“Thus, starting from 4 years onwards is considered appropriate for tests designed to assess language skills across at least two of the domains of spoken language included by the authors.”
From Developmental Language Disorder: Early Predictors, Age for the Diagnosis, and Diagnostic Tools. A Scoping Review (2021) · cites this paper as [70]
Denman et al.'s review systematically examined and evaluated the psychometric quality of diagnostic spoken language assessment tools for children aged 4-12 years using the COSMIN checklist.
“In order to collect information on the overall psychometric quality of assessment tools and identify those having the best evidence of psychometric quality, Denman et al.’s review [70] systematically examined and evaluated the psychometric quality of diagnostic spoken language assessment tools for children aged 4–12 years using the Consensus Based Standards for the Selection of Health Status”
From Developmental Language Disorder: Early Predictors, Age for the Diagnosis, and Diagnostic Tools. A Scoping Review (2021) · cites this paper as [70]
The assessment tools selected by Denman et al. covered the age range from 4 to 12 years.
“Finally, the assessment tools selected by Denman et al. [70] covered the age range from 4 to 12 years.”
From Developmental Language Disorder: Early Predictors, Age for the Diagnosis, and Diagnostic Tools. A Scoping Review (2021) · cites this paper as [70]
The limited evidence on the diagnostic accuracy of the tools used in clinical practice should not be taken as evidence of low levels of accuracy and reliability, but rather as evidence of the need for dedicated studies.
“Similarly, as noted also by Denman et al. [70], the limited evidence on the diagnostic accuracy of the tools used in clinical practice should not be taken as evidence of low levels of accuracy and reliability, but rather as evidence of the need for dedicated studies.”
From Developmental Language Disorder: Early Predictors, Age for the Diagnosis, and Diagnostic Tools. A Scoping Review (2021) · cites this paper as [70]
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Preschool language ability is predicted by toddler hand preference trajectories.
Gonzalez, S. L., Campbell, J. M., Marcinowski, E. C., Michel, G. F., Coxe, S. J., & Nelson, E. L. (2020) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/dev0000900 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
“The PLS-5 is widely used, and was recently noted as one of four other existing language assessments for use with children 4 years and older with the best evidence of reliability and validity (Denman et al., 2017).”
MethodDiagnostic Decisions in Child Language Assessment: Findings From a Case Review Assessment Task
Fulcher-Rood, K., Castilla-Earls, A. P., & Higginbotham, D. J. (2019) · Language Speech and Hearing Services in Schools · doi:10.1044/2019_lshss-18-0044 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Retelling stories: The validity of an online oral narrative task
Gillon, G. T., McNeill, B., Scott, A., Gath, M. E., & Westerveld, M. F. (2023) · Child Language Teaching and Therapy · doi:10.1177/02656590231155861 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
“The CELF-P2 is a widely used measure with validity demonstrated using the standardization samples (Wiig et al., 2006) and has been previously shown to have good internal consistency (range: .73–.96 across subtests) and test–retest reliability (.78–.94; Black et al., 2020; Denman et al., 2017).”
MethodAdopting a Conceptual Validity Framework for Testing in Speech-Language Pathology
Daub, O., Cunningham, B. J., Bagatto, M., Johnson, A. M., Kwok, E. Y. L., Smyth, R. E., & Cardy, J. O. (2021) · American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology · doi:10.1044/2021_ajslp-20-00032 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Calder, S. D., Brennan‐Jones, C. G., Robinson, M., Whitehouse, A., & Hill, E. (2023) · International Journal of Speech-Language Pathology · doi:10.1080/17549507.2023.2171488 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
“The Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals (CELF, now in its fifth edition; Wiig et al., 2013) is a standardised omnibus assessment that is widely used for clinical and research purposes due to its sound psychometric properties (Denman et al., 2017).”
BackgroundInfluentialPavelko, S. L., & Owens, R. E. (2019) · Language Speech and Hearing Services in Schools · doi:10.1044/2018_lshss-18-0050 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Measuring Listening Comprehension and Predicting Language Development in At-Risk Preschoolers
Hagen, Å. M. M., Knoph, R., Hjetland, H. N., Rogde, K., Lawrence, J. F., Lervåg, A., & Melby‐Lervåg, M. (2021) · Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research · doi:10.1080/00313831.2021.1939136 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Consensus-Based Evaluation of Outcome Measures in Pediatric Stroke Care: A Toolkit
Feldman, S. J., Beslow, L. A., Felling, R. J., Malone, L. A., Waak, M., Fraser, S. M., Bakeer, N., Lee, J. E. M., Sherman, V., Howard, M. M., et al. (2023) · Pediatric Neurology · doi:10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2023.01.009 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Wieczorek, K., DeGroot, M., Madigan, S. L., Pador, P., Ganshorn, H., & Graham, S. A. (2023) · American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology · doi:10.1044/2023_ajslp-22-00406 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Ogiela, D. A., & Montzka, J. L. (2020) · Language Speech and Hearing Services in Schools · doi:10.1044/2020_lshss-19-00067 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Lammert, J. M., Roberts, A. C., McRae, K., Batterink, L. J., & Butler, B. E. (2025) · Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research · doi:10.1044/2024_jslhr-24-00515 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Hallin, A. E., & Partanen, P. (2022) · Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology · doi:10.1080/14015439.2022.2158218 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Helland, T., Morken, F., & Helland, W. A. (2021) · Dyslexia · doi:10.1002/dys.1698 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Denman, D., Cordier, R., Munro, N., Kim, J., & Speyer, R. (2023) · Folia Phoniatrica et Logopaedica · doi:10.1159/000530718 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
“The core or language index tests in the CELF have evidence of robust psychometric quality [65]; therefore, the fi nding in this survey that SLPs use these measures for diagnostic purposes is positive.”
BackgroundSelf-citationTimler, G. R., & Covey, M. A. (2021) · Perspectives of the ASHA Special Interest Groups · doi:10.1044/2020_persp-20-00172 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Interpretation and Use of Standardized Language Assessments for Diverse School-Age Individuals
Girolamo, T. M., Ghali, S., Campos, I., & Ford, A. L. B. (2022) · Perspectives of the ASHA Special Interest Groups · doi:10.1044/2022_persp-21-00322 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Zane, E. R., & Grossman, R. B. (2024) · Autism & Developmental Language Impairments · doi:10.1177/23969415241283378 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
“Importantly, we use the CELF-5 as our standardized language measure, as this test has been documented as being a valid and reliable assessment for the diagnosis of child language disorders (Denman et al., 2017).”
MethodPereira, T., & Lousada, M. (2022) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-022-05481-7 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
“This prevents a clear interpretation of the results and an effective conclusion about their adequacy and is in line with what is described in the literature about the need to consider several parameters when selecting an outcome measure (Denman et al., 2017).”
BackgroundResultSpencer, T. D., Thompson, M. S., Petersen, D. B., Liu, Y., & Restrepo, M. A. (2023) · Early Childhood Research Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.ecresq.2023.02.005 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Waine, H., Bates, S., Frizelle, P., & Oh, T. M. (2023) · International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders · doi:10.1111/1460-6984.12883 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Fulcher-Rood, K., & Castilla-Earls, A. P. (2023) · Language Speech and Hearing Services in Schools · doi:10.1044/2023_lshss-22-00185 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Psychometric properties of the mandarin clinical evaluation of language for preschooler’s core scale
Wu, H., Liu, Q., Yu, B., Zhang, Y., Ren, D., Serdarevic, M., Liang, Z., Wang, Y., Chen, S., Zhang, K., et al. (2020) · Journal of Communication Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jcomdis.2020.106000 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Cristià, A., Gautheron, L., Zhang, Z., Schuller, B. W., Scaff, C., Rowland, C. F., Räsänen, O. J., Peurey, L., Lavechin, M., Havard, W. N., et al. (2024) · Behavior Research Methods · doi:10.3758/s13428-024-02493-2 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
“The reliability of .2–.5 found for our metrics is lower than values expected from three meta-analyses, one on the reliability of the Ages and Stages parental questionnaire finding r s > .6 (Denman et al., 2017), another on the reliability of standardized language tests on Fig.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialDaub, O., Cardy, J. O., Johnson, A. M., & Bagatto, M. (2019) · Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research · doi:10.1044/2019_jslhr-l-18-0411 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Poll, G. H., Maskalunas, C., Walls, L., Durbin, S., Hunken, H., & Petru, J. (2021) · Language Speech and Hearing Services in Schools · doi:10.1044/2021_lshss-20-00141 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Aveiro, B. D., Winsor, A., Davies, J., Nicholson, T. R., Pal, D. K., Richardson, M. P., & Pick, S. (2024) · Epilepsy & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.yebeh.2024.109671 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
“However, a drawback of this approach is that even a single low rating can result in an overall poor rating for a measurement property, requiring all aspects to be rated as good or excellent to be considered as such [73].”
BackgroundPetersen, D. B., Konishi-Therkildsen, A., Clark, K. D., DeRobles, A. K., Frahm, A. E., Jones, K., Lettich, C., & Spencer, T. D. (2024) · Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research · doi:10.1044/2024_jslhr-23-00594 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Speech-Language Pathologists' Perspectives on Language Assessment in Bilingual Children
Hernández, M., Fulcher-Rood, K., & Castilla-Earls, A. P. (2025) · Language Speech and Hearing Services in Schools · doi:10.1044/2025_lshss-24-00145 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Pentimonti, J. M., Attaway, D. S., Little, M. H., Holod, A., Buysse, V., Walker, D., & Bigelow, K. M. (2022) · Infants & Young Children · doi:10.1097/iyc.0000000000000224 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Sylvan, L. J., Kingsley, H., Bartolett, G., & Gouck, M. (2023) · Language Speech and Hearing Services in Schools · doi:10.1044/2023_lshss-23-00073 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
A Framework for Curriculum-Based Language Evaluations
Brandel, J., & Petersen, D. B. (2018) · Perspectives of the ASHA Special Interest Groups · doi:10.1044/persp3.sig16.67 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Pereira, T., Ramalho, A. M., Sá‐Couto, P., & Lousada, M. (2024) · Autism · doi:10.1177/13623613241287017 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
“This highlights the fact that several parameters must be considered when selecting an outcome measure (Denman et al., 2017) and analysing the results of an intervention study (Pereira & Lousada, 2023).”
Cox, C. M. M., Fusaroli, R., Nielsen, Y. A., Cho, S., Rocca, R., Simonsen, A., Knox, A., Lyons, M., Liberman, M., Cieri, C., et al. (2025) · Cognitive Science · doi:10.1111/cogs.70124 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
“Subsequent assessment relied on the Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence, 2nd Edition (WASI-II) (McCrimmon & Smith, 2013; Wechsler, 2008), the Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals, 5th Edition (CELF-5) (Denman et al., 2017; Wiig, Secord, & Semel, 2013), the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales, 3rd Edition…”
InfluentialCourteau, É., Loignon, G., Steinhauer, K., & Royle, P. (2023) · Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research · doi:10.1044/2022_jslhr-21-00541 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
“…standardized subtasks were taken from, has poor psychometric properties resulting in inadequate recommended cutoff scores; however, the English version of this test was identified as one of the recommended tests to evaluate language, based on its good psychometric qualities (Denman et al., 2017).”
MethodPoll, G. H., Mayes, M., & Petru, J. (2024) · International Journal of Speech-Language Pathology · doi:10.1080/17549507.2023.2287424 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
“COSMIN has been used in studies to evaluate the psychometric qualities of child language and social communication assessments (Denman et al., 2017; Poll et al., 2021).”
Automated Scoring of Tablet-Administered Expressive Language Tests
Gale, R. C., Bird, J., Wang, Y., van Santen, J. P. H., Prud’hommeaux, E. T., Dolata, J. K., & Asgari, M. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.668401 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
“In addition to the practical overhead required to administer such assessments, the scoring of these tests can suffer from intra-and inter-rater variability (Denman et al., 2017).”
BackgroundSchwob, S., Tillé, Y., & Skoruppa, K. (2024) · Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics · doi:10.1080/02699206.2024.2435010 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
“The lexical and syntactic domains are frequently assessed to identify a DLD (Denman et al., 2017) and NWR seems to be a discriminant processing task in the field of phonology (Estes et al., 2007; Schwob et al., 2021).”
Sylvan, L. (2023) · Perspectives of the ASHA Special Interest Groups · doi:10.1044/2023_persp-23-00103
Poll, G. H., & Petru, J. (2022) · Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics · doi:10.1080/02699206.2022.2148131 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
“Cognitive interviewing studies are not widely reported in the assessment literature for developmental language disorders or other populations at risk for social communication difficulties (Denman et al., 2017; Poll et al., 2021).”
BackgroundInfluentialSilva, L. C., Lamônica, D. A. C., & Hage, S. R. D. V. (2021) · Revista CEFAC · doi:10.1590/1982-0216/202123212520 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Schmoeger, M., Deckert, M., Eisenwort, B., Loader, B., Hofmair, A., Auff, E., & Willinger, U. (2019) · Applied Psycholinguistics · doi:10.1017/s0142716419000493 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
“In this context, a recent review indicated that all openly available language assessments in English show limitations with respect to the evidence of their psychometric quality (Denman et al., 2017).”
BackgroundTrembath, D. L., Conti‐Ramsden, G., ., G. X., Cook, F., & Reilly, S. (2021) · International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders · doi:10.1111/1460-6984.12593 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Frizelle, P., BUCKLEY, A., Biancone, T., Ceroni, A., Dahly, D. L., Fletcher, P. J., Bishop, D., & McKean, C. (2023) · Journal of Child Language · doi:10.1017/s0305000923000545 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
“The use of computerized assessments may also facilitate the development of standardized tests with better psychometric properties – the quality of which are a cause for concern in many tests that are currently commercially available (Spaulding et al., 2006; Denman et al., 2017).”
Csercsics, A. L., Denusik, L., & Cunningham, B. J. (2024) · American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology · doi:10.1044/2024_ajslp-24-00272 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Evidence-Based Assessment of Developmental Disorders
Elkins, A. R., Petersen, M. K., Nirjar, U., Monticello, N., & Martel, M. M. (2023) · Assessment · doi:10.1177/10731911231178290 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
“All the tests are standardized and norm-referenced (Denman et al., 2017; Rehfeld & Padgett, 2019, Table 8; Community, 2011; Miles et al., 2016, Table 4).”
MethodIndividual differences in word learning from print and digital shared book reading
Diprossimo, L., & Cain, K. (2025) · Journal of Experimental Child Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jecp.2025.106345 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Reno, E. A., Choi, S., McMaster, K. L., & Shanahan, E. (2025) · Journal of Learning Disabilities · doi:10.1177/00222194251361902 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Comprehensive Assessments of Theory of Mind Abilities for School-Age Children: A Systematic Review
Poll, G. H., Drexler, S., Huntington, A., Galindo, M., & Galack, A. (2023) · American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology · doi:10.1044/2023_ajslp-22-00316 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Butt, G. A., Mumtaz, N., & Saqulain, G. (2024) · Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences · doi:10.12669/pjms.40.5.7471 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
“Previous URLS 14 is modified in current study to maintain the evidence-based practice for Pakistani SLPs and to encourage them to use recent and best evidence available consistent with studies noted in a systematic review by Denman D et al. 19 indicating that improvements were the need of the hour.”
MethodPereira, T., Lopes, A. C., Ramalho, A. M., & Lousada, M. (2025) · Autism & Developmental Language Impairments · doi:10.1177/23969415251341251 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
“This aligns with the information provided by Denman et al. (2017) and Pereira and Lousada (2023) who noticed, in their systematic reviews, that no assessment manuals reported studies on responsiveness.”
Zhou, J. W., Ding, Z., Zhang, M. X., Wei, X., An, W., Zhu, Z., Guo, P., Qiu, L., Guo, Q., & Bai, Y. (2025) · International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders · doi:10.1111/1460-6984.70141 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Mettler, H. M., Figueroa, C. R., Leon, K., & Alt, M. (2026) · Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research · doi:10.1044/2025_jslhr-25-00117 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Morphosyntactic Evaluation Protocol (MEP): validation of content
Pinheiro, L. A. D. C., da Silva, A. P., & Hage, S. R. D. V. (2020) · CoDAS · doi:10.1590/2317-1782/20202019148 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
“The importance of verifying these qualities in language assessment procedures is increasingly emphasized(5), and one of these qualities is the validity in which it is verified whether an instrument measures precisely what it proposes to measure(6).”
Backgroundda Silva, V. R., Lindau, T. A., & Giacheti, C. M. (2021) · CoDAS · doi:10.1590/2317-1782/20202019284 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Unpacking the Layers: Understanding The Multifaceted Nature of L2 Learning Complexity
Aziz, M. F., & Jayaputri, H. E. (2022) · Celt A Journal of Culture English Language Teaching & Literature · doi:10.24167/celt.v22i1.4451 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
“One such proposition is that children are responsible for generating language change, as argued by scholars like Bohn et al. (2019 and Denman et al. (2017).”
BackgroundSpeech and Language Assessment Tools for Preschool and Primary School Children: Literature Review
Lelik, V. P., Dyachkova, M. D., & Валентиновна, Д. С. (2024) · Вопросы современной педиатрии · doi:10.15690/vsp.v23i3.2752 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Sindhu, V. P. M., Brignell, A., Moses, M., Kallady, K., Bellgrove, M. A., & Johnson, B. P. (2025) · Autism Research · doi:10.1002/aur.70021 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
“It is one of the few tools with comprehensive coverage across a range of language domains, with previous research consistently supporting the psychometric properties of the CELF-5 (Denman et al. 2017).”
Standardization of the Revised Arabic Language test for 4-8-year old children
Rifaie, N. A. A., Hamza, T. M. A. W., & Elfiky, Y. H. (2021) · Egyptian Journal of Ear Nose Throat and Allied Sciences · doi:10.21608/ejentas.2021.92770.1414 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
“Given the importance of these decisions, it is important that the evaluation has good psychometric properties[1].”
BackgroundLanguage Acquisition and Language Delay
Fletcher, P. J. (2021) · doi:10.1002/9781119606987.ch8 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Selecting and Appraising Assessments and Outcome Measures
Laver-Fawcett, D. A. J., & Cox, D. D. L. (2021) · doi:10.1002/9781119633341.ch10 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Evidence-Based Practice For Diagnosis In Research Studies Of Developmental Language Disorder
Nitido, H. (2019) · UA Campus Repository (The University of Arizona)
Avaliação de Narrativas Orais em Crianças Falantes de Português Europeu (PE): Um Teste Piloto
Vaz, S., Lobo, M., & Lousada, M. (2020) · Revista da Associação Portuguesa de Linguística · doi:10.26334/2183-9077/rapln7ano2020a22
Ramos, E., Suarez, M., Hart, K. C., & Graziano, P. A. (2020) · American International Journal of Social Science · doi:10.30845/aijss.v9n4p1
“This test can be administered in a relatively short period of time, and is considered to have a high level of reliability and validity (Denman et al., 2017).”
Current Concepts in the Understanding and Management of Developmental Language Disorder in Children
El‐Mansoury, B., Boulbaroud, S., Laadraoui, J., Khiat, A. E., Smimih, K., Hiba, O. E., Jayakumar, A. R., & Bitar, A. (2023) · Advances in psychology, mental health, and behavioral studies (APMHBS) book series · doi:10.4018/979-8-3693-0644-4.ch001
Villagrasa, A. C., Porcar‐Gozalbo, N., González, B. V., & López‐Zamora, M. (2024) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-024-06291-9
“According to the study by Denman et al. (2017), the reliability of the test is between 72.4 and 66.7, which makes study.”
BackgroundInfluentialМога, М. Д. (2024) · EUREKA Social and Humanities · doi:10.21303/2504-5571.2024.003278
AlMaqrashi, K., & Al-Oweidi, A. (2024) · International Education Studies · doi:10.5539/ies.v17n4p85
“One of the aspects of this anomaly in the language of children with autism spectrum disorder is the following, as pointed out by (Denman et al., 2017).”
BackgroundDevelopmental testing for the physician
(2024) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-824060-1.00033-x
Introducing the COSMIN Checklist for Use in Rehabilitation Studies: A Review Study
Ravari, M. H. R., & Ebadi, A. (2024) · مجله علمی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی رفسنجان · doi:10.61186/jrums.23.7.650
Oshchepkova, E. S., Kartushina, N., Сергеевна, А. М., Dmitrieva, M., & Airapetyan, Z. V. (2025) · Clinical Psychology and Special Education · doi:10.17759/cpse.2025140313
Parent-reported emotion regulation in children with dyslexia and/or developmental language disorder
Bryant, T. J., Smolak, E., Duff, D., & Adlof, S. M. (2026) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1723695 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
“Fifth Edition (CELF-5; Wiig et al., 2013), which is commonly used in the clinical diagnosis of language disorders in children (Betz et al., 2013; Denman et al., 2017).”
Branum‐Martin, L., Washington, J. A., & Rhodes, K. T. (2026) · Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research · doi:10.1044/2026_jslhr-25-00745
“Many tests lack rigorous psychometric evidence (McNeish, 2022), and this limitation is also true in language testing for the DELV-ST (Denman et al., 2017).”
Estimated Prevalence of Developmental Language Disorder Risk in West Virginia Schools.
Israelsen-Augenstein, M., Moore, M., Toman, T., & Rosborough, A. (2026) · Language, Speech & Hearing Services in Schools · doi:10.1044/2026_lshss-25-00248
Ibarra, D., & Lund, E. (2026) · Language, Speech & Hearing Services in Schools · doi:10.1044/2026_lshss-25-00269
Cultural and Linguistic Adaptation of Diagnostic Language Assessments: A Scoping Review
Botes, M., Masuku, K. P., & Mupawose, A. (2026) · International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders · doi:10.1111/1460-6984.70357
“Standardised diagnostic assessments play a central role in speech-language pathology, guiding clinical decision-making and informing appropriate and effective intervention (Denman et al. 2017 ).”
- Authors
- Denman, D., Speyer, R., Munro, N., Pearce, W. M., Chen, Y.-W., & Cordier, R.
- Affiliations
- James Cook University (AU)
- Leiden University (NL)
- The University of Sydney (AU)
- Australian Catholic University (AU)
- Curtin University (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Denman, Deborah
- Venue
- Frontiers in Psychology
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media SA
- Published
- 2017-09-07
- Volume
- 8
- Pages
- 1515-1515
- ISSN
- 1664-1078 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5594094
- OpenAlex
- W2753923668
- Cited by
- 87
- References
- 73
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 3
- FWCI
- 0.95
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Frontiers in Psychology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Northumbria Research Link (Northumbria University) (acceptedVersion)
- ResearchOnline at James Cook University (James Cook University) (submittedVersion)
- Research Bank (Australian Catholic University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- Leiden Repository (Leiden University) (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- eSpace (Curtin University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Language Development and Disorders
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Voice and Speech Disorders
- Keywords
- language assessment, psychometric properties, school-aged children, reliability statistics, validity, content validity, convergent validity, discriminant validity, speech-language pathology, standardized testing
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