Cited by 326Emotion and Mood RecognitionArtificial Intelligence in Healthcare and EducationEthics and Social Impacts of AI

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ChatGPT outperforms humans in emotional awareness evaluations

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Elyoseph, Zohar, Hadar-Shoval, Dorit, Asraf, Kfir, Lvovsky, Maya·2023·Frontiers in Psychology

DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1199058PMC PMC10254409

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Abstract

The artificial intelligence chatbot, ChatGPT, has gained widespread attention for its ability to perform natural language processing tasks and has the fastest-growing user base in history. Although ChatGPT has successfully generated theoretical information in multiple fields, its ability to identify and describe emotions is still unknown. Emotional awareness (EA), the ability to conceptualize one’s own and others’ emotions, is considered a transdiagnostic mechanism for psychopathology. This study utilized the Levels of Emotional Awareness Scale (LEAS) as an objective, performance-based test to analyze ChatGPT’s responses to twenty scenarios and compared its EA performance with that of the general population norms, as reported by a previous study. A second examination was performed one month later to measure EA improvement over time. Finally, two independent licensed psychologists evaluated the fit-to-context of ChatGPT’s EA responses. In the first examination, ChatGPT demonstrated significantly higher performance than the general population on all the LEAS scales (Z score = 2.84). In the second examination, ChatGPT’s performance significantly improved, almost reaching the maximum possible LEAS score (Z score = 4.26). Its accuracy levels were also extremely high (9.7/10). The study demonstrated that ChatGPT can generate appropriate EA responses, and that its performance may improve significantly over time. The study has theoretical and clinical implications, as ChatGPT can be used as part of cognitive training for clinical populations with EA impairments. In addition, ChatGPT’s EA-like abilities may facilitate psychiatric diagnosis and assessment and be used to enhance emotional language. Further research is warranted to better understand the potential benefits and risks of ChatGPT and refine it to promote mental health.

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Authors: Elyoseph, Z., Hadar-Shoval, D., Asraf, K., & Lvovsky, M.
Affiliations: The Max Stern Yezreel Valley College (IL)
Corresponding author: Elyoseph, Zohar
ORCID: Elyoseph, Zohar
Asraf, Kfir
Lvovsky, Maya
Venue: Frontiers in Psychology
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Published: 2023-05-26
Volume: 14
Pages: 1199058-1199058
ISSN: 1664-1078 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1199058
PMC: PMC10254409
OpenAlex: W4378470708
Cited by: 324
References: 43
Citations by year: 2026: 63 · 2025: 122 · 2024: 117 · 2023: 22
FWCI: 83.77
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: gold
doi.org
Licence: cc-by
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (vor)
Locations: Frontiers in Psychology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Topics: Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Emotion and Mood Recognition
Health Sciences › Medicine › Health Informatics › Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education
Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Ethics and Social Impacts of AI
Keywords: ChatGPT, emotional awareness, Levels of Emotional Awareness Scale, large language models, emotion recognition, AI chatbots, transdiagnostic mechanisms, psychopathology, cognitive training, psychiatric diagnosis, emotional expression, human-AI comparison

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ChatGPT outperforms humans in emotional awareness evaluations

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