The DOI matches its Crossref record; 63 of the 65 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The Effects of Allicin, a Reactive Sulfur Species from Garlic, on a Selection of Mammalian Cell Lines
Open accessAbstract
Garlic (Allium sativum L.) has been used as a spice and medicinal plant since ancient times. Garlic produces the thiol-reactive defence substance, allicin, upon wounding. The effects of allicin on human lung epithelium carcinoma (A549), mouse fibroblast (3T3), human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC), human colon carcinoma (HT29) and human breast cancer (MCF7) cell lines were tested. To estimate toxic effects of allicin, we used a standard MTT-test (methylthiazoltetrazolium) for cell viability and 3H-thymidine incorporation for cell proliferation. The glutathione pool was measured using monobromobimane and the formation of reactive species was identified using 2′,7′-dichlorofluoresceine-diacetate. The YO-PRO-1 iodide staining procedure was used to estimate apoptosis. Allicin reduced cell viability and cell proliferation in a concentration dependent manner. In the bimane test, it was observed that cells treated with allicin showed reduced fluorescence, suggesting glutathione oxidation. The cell lines tested differed in sensitivity to allicin in regard to viability, cell proliferation and glutathione oxidation. The 3T3 and MCF-7 cells showed a higher proportion of apoptosis compared to the other cell types. These data show that mammalian cell lines differ in their sensitivity and responses to allicin.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Interestingly, in 1960, tumor cells were reported to be killed when incubated in an allicin solution [63].”
From Chemical Constituents and Pharmacological Activities of Garlic (Allium sativum L.): A Review (2020) · cites this paper as [63]
In the citing paper
“Allicin is a membrane-permeable compound that can enter cells easily and interact with cellular thiols such as glutathione or cysteine residues in proteins [37,89,90] as well as enzymes containing reactive cysteine and this may be the potential interpretation of allicin’s toxicity [63].”
From Chemical Constituents and Pharmacological Activities of Garlic (Allium sativum L.): A Review (2020) · cites this paper as [63]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Schafer, F. Q., & Buettner, G. R. (2001) · Free Radical Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1016/s0891-5849(01)00480-4 · Cited by 4,587
Wang, H., & Joseph, J. A. (1999) · Free Radical Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1016/s0891-5849(99)00107-0 · Cited by 2,355
Health-promoting properties of common herbs
Craig, W. J. (1999) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/70.3.491s · Cited by 1,103
Allicin: Chemistry and biological properties
Borlinghaus, J., Albrecht, F., Gruhlke, M., Nwachukwu, I., & Slusarenko, A. (2014) · Molecules · doi:10.3390/molecules190812591 · Cited by 893
Self-citationCavallito, C. J., & Bailey, J. H. (1944) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/ja01239a048 · Cited by 770
Surh, Y., Kundu, J. K., & Na, H. (2008) · Planta Medica · doi:10.1055/s-0028-1088302 · Cited by 758
Myhre, O., Andersen, J. M., Aarnes, H., & Fonnum, F. (2003) · Biochemical Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/s0006-2952(03)00083-2 · Cited by 624
Phenolics as antioxidants in garlic (Allium sativum L., Alliaceae)
Božin, B. N., Mimica–Dukić, N., Samojlik, I., Goran, A., & Igić, R. (2008) · Food Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.04.071 · Cited by 453
Garlic as an antioxidant: the good, the bad and the ugly
Banerjee, S., Mukherjee, P. K., & Maulik, S. (2003) · Phytotherapy Research · doi:10.1002/ptr.1281 · Cited by 424
Effect of Garlic on Total Serum Cholesterol
Warshafsky, S., Kamer, R. S., & Sivak, S. L. (1993) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-119-7_part_1-199310010-00009 · Cited by 372
Flagged first, then by citations
2 of the 65 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–165 of 165
Zaczyńska, E., Czarny, A., Karpenko, О., Vasylyuk, S. V., Monka, N. Y., Stadnytska, N., Fizer, L. V., Komarovska-Porokhnyavets, O. Z., Jaranowski, M., Alpinus Chemia Sp. z o. o., 5. G. S., et al. (2023) · Chemistry & Chemical Technology · doi:10.23939/chcht17.02.315 · Cited by 10
Medicinal plant-derived compounds as potential phytotherapy forCOVID-19: Future perspectives
Salama, M., Rashed, S. A., Fayez, A., Hassanein, S. S., Muhammed, R. S., Noran, M. T., Heba, M., & Mohamed, A. (2021) · Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy · doi:10.5897/jpp2021.0603 · Cited by 9
Revtovich, S. V., Lyfenko, A. D., Tkachev, Y. V., Kulikova, V. V., Koval, V. S., Puchkov, V., Anufrieva, N. V., Solyev, P. N., & Morozova, E. A. (2023) · Pharmaceuticals · doi:10.3390/ph16121695 · Cited by 8
Shahsavani, D., Baghshani, H., & Nourian, K. (2022) · Aquaculture Research · doi:10.1111/are.15867 · Cited by 8
Assessment of the influence of foliar treatment on productivity and phenolic maturity of grapes
Levchenko, S. V., Cherviak, S. N., Boyko, V., Belash, D. Y., Ostroukhova, E. V., & Lutkova, N. (2021) · E3S Web of Conferences · doi:10.1051/e3sconf/202123203026 · Cited by 7
Satsantitham, K., Sritangos, P., Wet‐osot, S., Chudapongse, N., & Weeranantanapan, O. (2024) · PeerJ · doi:10.7717/peerj.17742 · Cited by 7
Osuntokun, O. S., Ademinkanra, A. J., Atere, T. G., Olayiwola, G., Adedokun, K. I., & Adekomi, D. A. (2020) · Epilepsy & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.yebeh.2020.107484 · Cited by 7
El-Ratel, I. T., Wafa, W. M., El-Nagar, H. A., Abo-Elmagd, A., & El-Kholy, K. H. (2021) · Animal Science Journal · doi:10.1111/asj.13560 · Cited by 7
Effect of Thermal Treatment on the Antiproliferative and Antioxidant Activities of Garlic
Furdak, P., Bartosz, G., & Sadowska‐Bartosz, I. (2025) · Food Science & Nutrition · doi:10.1002/fsn3.70375 · Cited by 9
Updated Insights on the Antimicrobial Activities of Allium Genus (A Review)
Feknous, N., Boumendjel, M., & Leblab, F. Z. (2024) · Russian Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry · doi:10.1134/s1068162024030257 · Cited by 8
Savairam, V. D., Patil, N. A., Borate, S. R., Ghaisas, M. M., & Shete, R. V. (2023) · Pharmacological Research - Modern Chinese Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.prmcm.2023.100289 · Cited by 6
Phan, D. T. A. (2021) · Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências · doi:10.1590/0001-3765202120191341 · Cited by 6
Weeranantanapan, O., Satsantitham, K., Sritangos, P., & Chudapongse, N. (2020) · Archives of Biological Sciences · doi:10.2298/abs200414025w · Cited by 6
Sahu, P. N., & Sen, A. (2024) · Chemistry & Biodiversity · doi:10.1002/cbdv.202302067 · Cited by 5
Harnessing Therapeutic Potential of Allicin Against Cancer: An Exploratory Review
Saini, A., Saini, V., Deswal, G., Chopra, B., Grewal, A. S., & Dhingra, A. K. (2025) · Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.2174/0118715206343978241223080625 · Cited by 5
Thiol-Modification as Important Mode of Action for Allicin from Garlic (Allium sativum)
Gruhlke, M. C. H. (2019) · COST Action CA16112 NutRedOx Meeting · doi:10.3390/proceedings2019011027 · Cited by 5
Self-citationSchier, C., Foerster, J., Heupel, M., Dörner, P., Klaas, M., Schröder, W., Rink, L., Slusarenko, A. J., & Gruhlke, M. C. H. (2022) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms23126607 · Cited by 4
Self-citationMašková, L., Závišová, L., Kašpar, O., Knejzlı́k, Z., Rimpelová, S., & Tokárová, V. (2024) · Journal of Materials Science · doi:10.1007/s10853-024-09990-x · Cited by 4
PharmD, B. H., Ziregbe, E., Tran, C., Weaver, S. B., Lahagh, A. A., Kumarra, S., Fullas, F., & Habte, A. (2017) · Current Research Integrative Medicine · doi:10.4172/2529-797x.1000025 · Cited by 4
Spectral, magnetic, thermal, antioxidant and biological studies on new mixed ligand complexes
Pal, T. K., Alam, M. A., Paul, S., & Sheikh, M. C. (2017) · Journal of King Saud University - Science · doi:10.1016/j.jksus.2017.12.010 · Cited by 4
Phycoremediation: A Sustainable Biorefinery Approach
Michelon, W., Viancelli, A., Fongaro, G., de Andrade, L. M., Treichel, H., & de Andrade, C. J. (2021) · Microorganisms for sustainability · doi:10.1007/978-981-15-7447-4_4 · Cited by 4
Eslami, S., Zolfaghari, B., Dinani, M. S., & Ghanadian, M. (2025) · Iranian journal of pharmaceutical research · doi:10.5812/ijpr-162031 · Cited by 3
Baltzi, E., Papaloukas, C. L., Spandidos, D. A., & Michalopoulos, I. (2024) · Biomedical Reports · doi:10.3892/br.2024.1733 · Cited by 3
A Comprehensive Study of Allium Sativum Linn
Sah, R. K., Singh, M. P., & Gohil, K. J. (2023) · Current Functional Foods · doi:10.2174/0126668629259652231108112909 · Cited by 3
Commercial Chinese polyherbal preparation: current status and future perspectives
Chenyao, Z., Hu, H., Shi, M., Ma, Y., Fauci, A. J., Lee, M. S., Xiao-lei, W., Junhua, Z., & Ji, Z. (2024) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2024.1404259 · Cited by 3
Nitric Oxide Alleviates Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles-Induced Phytotoxicity in Brassica juncea
Bhat, U. H., Sami, F., Siddiqui, H., Faizan, M., Faraz, A., & Hayat, S. (2021) · Russian Journal of Plant Physiology · doi:10.1134/s102144372103002x · Cited by 3
A Whiff of Sulfur: One Wind a Day Keeps the Doctor Away
Tiganescu, E., Lämmermann, M. A., Ney, Y., Abdin, A. Y., Nasim, M. J., & Jacob, C. (2022) · Antioxidants · doi:10.3390/antiox11061036 · Cited by 4
Response of TRPM2 Channel to Hypercapnic Acidosis and Role of Zn, Se, and GSH
Ergün, D. D., Dursun, S., Özsobacı, N. P., Nazıroğlu, M., & Özçelik, D. (2021) · Biological Trace Element Research · doi:10.1007/s12011-021-02652-y · Cited by 2
A review of biological activity of organosulfur compounds of garlic
Dua, M., & Sandhu, N. (2025) · AIP conference proceedings · doi:10.1063/5.0270748 · Cited by 2
Kaur, J., Sharma, R., Sharma, M., & Chhabra, R. (2021) · Plant Physiology Reports · doi:10.1007/s40502-021-00605-0 · Cited by 2
badeli, Z., Haghkhah, M., & Ghaemi, E. A. (2022) · شهباز. · doi:10.61186/mlj.16.1.25 · Cited by 2
Synthesis and biological activity of alkylthio and arylthio derivatives of tert-butylquinone
Đorđević, J. Z., Kolarević, S., Marić, J. J., Pavlović, M. O., Sladić, D. M., Novaković, I., & Vuković‐Gačić, B. (2022) · Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society · doi:10.2298/jsc220304044d · Cited by 2
Bioactive Compounds and Biological Activities of Allium sativum L.
Abbasi, A., Sanej, K. D., Moradi, S., Bazzaz, S., Esmaeili, A., Ghafourian, K., Sabahi, S., Lahouty, M., Akrami, S., Aslani, R., et al. (2024) · Reference series in phytochemistry · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-44746-4_11 · Cited by 2
Thiol targets in drug development to combat bacterial infections
Fritsch, V. N., & Antelmann, H. (2022) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-90219-9.00003-0
Prakash, O., & Bajpai, P. (2025) · Current Functional Foods · doi:10.2174/0126668629360692250320072427 · Cited by 1
Current Advances in Allicin Nanoformulation and Its Application in Breast Cancer Therapy
Yan, D., Lu, H., Huang, L., & He, R. (2025) · Food Reviews International · doi:10.1080/87559129.2025.2519951 · Cited by 1
The Bioactive Components of Garlic
Ross, I. A. (2025) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-04239-2_3 · Cited by 1
Islam, M. R., Rauf, A., Akter, H., Al-Imran, M., Fakir, M. N. H., Thufa, G. K., Habiba, U., Riya, K. N., Rahman, M. M., Hussain, M. S., et al. (2026) · Phytotherapy Research · doi:10.1002/ptr.70250 · Cited by 1
Rajpoot, A., & Sharma, V. (2026) · Food Bioscience · doi:10.1016/j.fbio.2026.108598 · Cited by 1
Identifikasi Efek Protektif Berupa Antioksidan Terhadap Antioksidan
Aisyah, S. J. (2020) · JURNAL ILMIAH KESEHATAN SANDI HUSADA · doi:10.35816/jiskh.v12i2.470 · Cited by 1
Lestari, S. R., Dewi, P. E. S., Maslikah, S. I., Gofur, A., Fajaroh, F., Annisa, Y., & Malek, N. A. N. N. (2022) · Malaysian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences · doi:10.11113/mjfas.v18n6.2682 · Cited by 1
Saddiqa, A., Shazad, U., & Arshad, S. (2024) · Journal of Herbal Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.hermed.2024.100887 · Cited by 1
Allicin in breast cancer treatment
Mishra, Y., & Mishra, V. (2024) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-29913-1.00008-6 · Cited by 1
Rahma, A. N., Aisyah, D. N., Annisa, Y., Gofur, A., Maslikah, S. I., & Lestari, S. R. (2024) · BIO Web of Conferences · doi:10.1051/bioconf/202411701011 · Cited by 1
Cholisoh, Z., Nurinnafi'a, A. M. U., Suranto, S., & Wikantyasning, E. R. (2024) · International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics · doi:10.22159/ijap.2024.v16s6.se2031 · Cited by 1
Cherviak, S. N., Аникина, Н. С., Ермихина, М. В., Алейникова, Н. В., & Диденко, П. А. (2021) · IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science · doi:10.1088/1755-1315/699/1/012024 · Cited by 1
Lee, M. T. W., Mahy, W., & Rackham, M. D. (2021) · RSC Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.1039/d1md00113b · Cited by 1
Interaction of oxide nanoparticles with surface-active agents
Țucureanu, V., Popescu, M., Romanițan, C., Mihalache, I., Țîncu, B., Avram, M., & Matei, A. (2018) · Advanced Topics in Optoelectronics, Microelectronics, and Nanotechnologies IX · doi:10.1117/12.2323589
Uji Sitotoksisitas Seng Oksida Ekstrak Allium Sativum Linn. terhadap Sel Fibroblas Gingiva Manusia
Aini, N. Q., Agustantina, T. H., & Rianti, D. (2019) · Jurnal Material Kedokteran Gigi · doi:10.32793/jmkg.v7i2.374
Bioactive Compounds of Drumstick (Moringa oleifera Lam.)
Shinde, B. A., & Kamble, A. C. (2020) · Reference series in phytochemistry · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-06120-3_41-1
Mehrjerdi, M. Z., Farimani, M. M., Abbas‐Mohammadi, M., & Rezaei, J. (2020) · Acta agriculturae Slovenica · doi:10.14720/aas.2020.115.2.1069
Skin Cancer Induced by Pollution-Mediated ROS
Burke, K. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-15-4501-6_2-1 · Cited by 1
Oksidacijski i antimikrobni učinci alicina
Bartulović, R., Turković, L. F., & Ćuić, A. M. (2022) · Journal of Applied Health Sciences · doi:10.24141/1/8/1/12
Molecular mechanism of allicin-induced apoptosis in human oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC)
Hazwani, F., Amin, I. M., & Rahim, M. A. A. (2022) · Asia-Pacific Journal of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology · doi:10.35118/apjmbb.2022.030.3.04
Lam, Y. T., Al‐Ashwal, R. H., Sani, M. H., Safri, N. S. M., & Al‐Hazmy, S. M. (2024) · World Congress on Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, September 7 - 12, 2009, Munich, Germany · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-80355-0_53
Allicin and its Therapeutic Potential in Diabetes Management: A Comprehensive Review
Saini, A., Saini, V., Kumar, S. S., Dhingra, A. K., & Kumar, J. (2025) · Current Aging Science · doi:10.2174/0118746098362006250602085308 · Cited by 1
Agrawal, A., Dubey, S., & Sharma, S. (2025) · Current Chemical Biology · doi:10.2174/0122127968366669250703194520
Shinkai, R., & Tomita, T. (2025) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.92189
Ross, I. A. (2025) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-04239-2_11
Bjelogrlić, S., Vujatović-Velimirov, T., Korać, A., Stojanovic, S., Grahovac, J., & Vitorović-Todorović, M. D. (2026) · Chemico-Biological Interactions · doi:10.1016/j.cbi.2026.111925
Saribaadi Agada in Lutha Visha Chikitsa - A Review Article
Praseela, P., & Prasanth, S. R. (2026) · Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences · doi:10.21760/jaims.11.2.38
Biomaterial‐Driven Therapeutic Strategies for the Integrated Management of Obesity
Jiang, Y., Zheng, Y., Jiang, S., Zhang, T., Xie, C., Liu, Y., & Lu, X. (2026) · Advanced Healthcare Materials · doi:10.1002/adhm.202505955
Hach, A., Jost, Y., Häuser, H., Warszawski, J., Ernst, J., Ziegler, B., Hirche, C. R., & Heine‐Geldern, A. (2026) · Handchirurgie · Mikrochirurgie · Plastische Chirurgie · doi:10.1055/a-2862-1764
Masciarelli, E., Casorri, L., Beni, C., Valentini, M., Reale, M., & Costantini, E. (2026) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph23081056
Geremew, A., Kefalew, A., Peace, E., Ma, X., & Carson, L. (2026) · Agriculture · doi:10.3390/agriculture16181981
Metadata
- Authors
- Gruhlke, M., Nicco, C., Batteux, F., & Slusarenko, A.
- Affiliations
- RWTH Aachen University (DE)
- Hôpital Cochin (FR)
- Laboratoire d’Immunologie biologique, Hôpital Cochin, Paris 75679, France
- Corresponding author
- Gruhlke, Martin
- Venue
- Antioxidants
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2016-12-26
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 1
- ISSN
- 2076-3921 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5384165
- OpenAlex
- W2562413929
- Cited by
- 165
- References
- 65
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 32 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 10
- FWCI
- 17.57
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Antioxidants (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- RWTH Publications (RWTH Aachen) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- RWTH Publications (RWTH Aachen)
- Funders
- European Commission (215009)
- RWTH Aachen University
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Garlic and Onion Studies
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics, phytochemicals, and oxidative stress
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Sulfur Compounds in Biology
- Keywords
- allicin, garlic, reactive sulfur species, cell viability, cell proliferation, glutathione oxidation, apoptosis, A549 cells, 3T3 fibroblasts, human umbilical vein endothelial cells, HT-29 cells, MCF-7 cells, cytotoxicity, cell line sensitivity
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
