Cathelicidin Modulates Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Phenotypic Switching through ROS/IL-6 Pathway
Open accessAbstract
Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) are stromal cells of the blood vessels and their differentiation is thought to be essential during atherosclerosis. Cathelicidin-related antimicrobial peptides (CRAMP) are suggested to play a role in the development of atherosclerosis. Even so, the relationship of CRAMP and VSMC remains unclear. The present study was to determine whether CRAMP regulates VSMC phenotypic transformation and underlying mechanisms. We demonstrated that CRAMP could reverse platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB)-induced VSMC phenotypic transformation, evidencing by increasing α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), smooth muscle 22α (SM22α) and decreasing of proliferation and migration. Further studies showed that CRAMP inhibited nuclear factor κB (NF-κB)-induced autocrine of interleukin-6 (IL-6), which further activated of janus kinase 2 (JAK2)/signal transducer and activator 3 (STAT3). Meanwhile, our data showed that CRAMP can significantly inhibit PDGF-BB enhanced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level which further affected the NF-κB signaling pathway, indicating that CRAMP can regulate the phenotypic transformation of VSMC by regulating oxidative stress. These results indicated that CRAMP regulated the differentiation of VSMC by inhibiting ROS-mediated IL-6 autocrine, suggesting that targeting CRAMP is a potential avenue for regulating the differentiation of VSMC and treatment of atherosclerosis.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The human cathelicidin may activate ROS/NF-κβ/IL-6 and regulate oxidation signaling in cardiovascular diseases like atherosclerosis.
“Other authors have suggested the role of the human cathelicidin on the activation of ROS/NF-κβ/IL-6 and propose that it could regulate oxidation signaling in cardiovascular diseases like atherosclerosis [184].”
From The Role of Reactive Species on Innate Immunity (2022) · cites this paper as [184]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Biochemistry and molecular cell biology of diabetic complications
Brownlee, M. (2001) · Nature · doi:10.1038/414813a · Cited by 9,107 · see citing works
Virmani, R., Kolodgie, F. D., Burke, A. P., Farb, A., & Schwartz, S. M. (2000) · Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/01.atv.20.5.1262 · Cited by 4,084 · see citing works
Progress and challenges in translating the biology of atherosclerosis
Libby, P., Ridker, P. M., & Hansson, G. K. (2011) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature10146 · Cited by 4,010 · see citing works
Diabetes, oxidative stress, and antioxidants: A review
Maritim, A. C., Sanders, R. A., & Watkins, J. B. (2003) · Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology · doi:10.1002/jbt.10058 · Cited by 3,128 · see citing works
Jenssen, H., Hamill, P., & Hancock, R. E. W. (2006) · Clinical Microbiology Reviews · doi:10.1128/cmr.00056-05 · Cited by 2,532 · see citing works
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells sense self-DNA coupled with antimicrobial peptide
Lande, R., Gregorio, J., Facchinetti, V., Chatterjee, B., Wang, Y.-H., Homey, B., Cao, W., Wang, Y.-H., Su, B., Nestle, F. O., et al. (2007) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature06116 · Cited by 1,910 · see citing works
Netting neutrophils in autoimmune small-vessel vasculitis
Kessenbrock, K., Krumbholz, M., Schönermarck, U., Back, W. E., Gross, W. L., Werb, Z., Gröne, H., Brinkmann, V., & Jenne, D. E. (2009) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm.1959 · Cited by 1,650 · see citing works
Lande, R., Ganguly, D., Facchinetti, V., Frasca, L., Conrad, C., Gregorio, J. D., Meller, S., Chamilos, G., Sebasigari, R., Riccieri, V., et al. (2011) · Science Translational Medicine · doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.3001180 · Cited by 1,306 · see citing works
Recent insights into the cellular biology of atherosclerosis
Tabas, I., García-Cardeña, G., & Owens, G. K. (2015) · Journal of Cell Biology · doi:10.1083/jcb.201412052 · Cited by 1,016 · see citing works
Diabetes-Associated Sustained Activation of the Transcription Factor Nuclear Factor-κB
Bierhaus, A., Schiekofer, S., Schwaninger, M., Andrassy, M., Humpert, P. M., Chen, J., Hong, M., Luther, T., Henle, T., Klöting, I., et al. (2001) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.50.12.2792 · Cited by 826 · see citing works
Antimicrobial peptides: key components of the innate immune system
Pasupuleti, M., Schmidtchen, A., & Malmsten, M. (2011) · Critical Reviews in Biotechnology · doi:10.3109/07388551.2011.594423 · Cited by 804 · see citing works
Biochemistry, Physiology, and Pathophysiology of NADPH Oxidases in the Cardiovascular System
Lassegue, B. P., Martín, A. S., & Griendling, K. K. (2012) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/circresaha.111.243972 · Cited by 768 · see citing works
Myocardin and ternary complex factors compete for SRF to control smooth muscle gene expression
Wang, Z., Wang, D.-Z., Hockemeyer, D. F., McAnally, J., Nordheim, A., & Olson, E. N. (2004) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature02382 · Cited by 562 · see citing works
Döring, Y., Manthey, H. D., Drechsler, M. D., Lievens, D., Megens, R. T. A., Soehnlein, O., Busch, M., Manca, M., Koenen, R. R., Pelisek, J., et al. (2012) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.111.046755 · Cited by 459 · see citing works
Upregulation of Nox-Based NAD(P)H Oxidases in Restenosis After Carotid Injury
Szöcs, K., Lassegue, B. P., Sorescu, D., Hilenski, L. L., Valppu, L., Couse, T. L., Wilcox, J. N., Quinn, M. T., Lambeth, J. D., & Griendling, K. K. (2002) · Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/hq0102.102189 · Cited by 444 · see citing works
Regulation of vascular smooth muscle cell differentiation
Rzucidlo, E. M., Martin, K. A., & Powell, R. J. (2007) · Journal of Vascular Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.jvs.2007.03.001 · Cited by 417 · see citing works
Smooth muscle cell-driven vascular diseases and molecular mechanisms of VSMC plasticity
Frismantiene, A., Philippova, M., Erné, P., & Resink, T. J. (2018) · Cellular Signalling · doi:10.1016/j.cellsig.2018.08.019 · Cited by 408 · see citing works
Vascular smooth muscle cell in atherosclerosis
Chistiakov, D. A., Orekhov, A. N., & Bobryshev, Y. V. (2015) · Acta Physiologica · doi:10.1111/apha.12466 · Cited by 384 · see citing works
Loppnow, H., & Libby, P. (1990) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci114498 · Cited by 378 · see citing works
Zhan, Y., Kim, S., Izumi, Y., Izumiya, Y., Nakao, T., Miyazaki, H., & Iwao, H. (2003) · Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/01.atv.0000066132.32063.f2 · Cited by 304 · see citing works
Advanced Glycation End Products-driven Angiogenesis in Vitro
Yamagishi, S., Yonekura, H., Yamamoto, Y., Katsuno, K., Sato, F., Mita, I., O'OKA, H., Satozawa, N., Kawakami, T., Nomura, M., et al. (1997) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.272.13.8723 · Cited by 274 · see citing works
Interleukin 6 gene transcripts are expressed in human atherosclerotic lesions
Seino, Y., Ikeda, U., Ikeda, M., Yamamoto, K., Misawa, Y., Hasegawa, T., Kano, S., & Shimada, K. (1994) · Cytokine · doi:10.1016/1043-4666(94)90013-2 · Cited by 263 · see citing works
Lee, M. Y., Martín, A. S., Mehta, P. K., Dikalova, A., Garrido, A. M., Datla, S. R., Lyons, E., Krause, K., Bánfi, B., Lambeth, J. D., et al. (2009) · Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/atvbaha.108.181925 · Cited by 234 · see citing works
Yang, F., Chen, Q., He, S., Yang, M., Maguire, E. M., An, W., Afzal, T. A., Luong, L. A., Zhang, L., & Xiao, Q. (2017) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.117.027799 · Cited by 211 · see citing works
Diabetic-induced endothelial dysfunction in rat aorta: role of hydroxyl radicals
Pieper, G. M., Langenstroer, P., & Siebeneich, W. (1997) · Cardiovascular Research · doi:10.1016/s0008-6363(96)00237-4 · Cited by 179 · see citing works
Molecular Control of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Differentiation and Phenotypic Plasticity
Owens, G. K. (2007) · Novartis Foundation symposium · doi:10.1002/9780470319413.ch14 · Cited by 167 · see citing works
Alalwani, S. M., Sierigk, J., Herr, C., Pinkenburg, O., Gallo, R. L., Vogelmeier, C. F., & Bals, R. (2010) · European Journal of Immunology · doi:10.1002/eji.200939275 · Cited by 151 · see citing works
CArG elements control smooth muscle subtype–specific expression of smooth muscle myosin in vivo
Manabe, I., & Owens, G. K. (2001) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci11385 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
Johnson, J. L. (2014) · Cardiovascular Research · doi:10.1093/cvr/cvu171 · Cited by 140 · see citing works
Chang, K. C., Chung, S. Y., Chong, W. S., Suh, J. S., Kim, S. H., Noh, H. K., Seong, B.-G., ko, H. J., & Chun, K. W. (1993) · Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/s0022-3565(25)38436-3 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
Cathelicidins prime platelets to mediate arterial thrombosis and tissue inflammation
Pircher, J., Czermak, T., Ehrlich, A., Eberle, C., Gaitzsch, E., Margraf, A., Grommes, J., Saha, P., Titova, A., Ishikawa-Ankerhold, H. C., et al. (2018) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-018-03925-2 · Cited by 135 · see citing works
Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species in Pathogenesis of Vascular Complications of Diabetes
Son, S. M. (2012) · Diabetes & Metabolism Journal · doi:10.4093/dmj.2012.36.3.190 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Mitochondrial DNA-LL-37 Complex Promotes Atherosclerosis by Escaping from Autophagic Recognition
Zhang, Z., Meng, P., Han, Y., Shen, C., Li, B., Hakim, M. A., Zhang, X., Lu, Q., Rong, M., & Lai, R. (2015) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2015.10.018 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Nonaka, K., Kajiura, Y., Bando, M., Sakamoto, E., Inagaki, Y., Lew, J. H., Naruishi, K., Ikuta, T., Yoshida, K., Kobayashi, T., et al. (2017) · Journal of Periodontal Research · doi:10.1111/jre.12518 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
STAT3: Versatile Functions in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Mohrherr, J., Uras, I. Z., Moll, H. P., & Casanova, E. (2020) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers12051107 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Sun, H., Zhao, M., Ren, X., Liu, T., Chen, Q., Li, Y., Kang, Y., Wang, J., & Zhu, G. (2016) · Antioxidants and Redox Signaling · doi:10.1089/ars.2015.6475 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Cao, Y., Zhang, Y., Qi, J., Liu, R., Zhang, H., & He, L. (2015) · International Immunopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2015.07.037 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Self-citationLPS-induced renal inflammation is prevented by (−)‐epicatechin in rats
Prince, P. D., Fischerman, L., Toblli, J. E., Fraga, C. G., & Galleano, M. (2016) · Redox Biology · doi:10.1016/j.redox.2016.12.023 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Xu, F., Ahmed, A. S. I., Kang, X., Hu, G., Liu, F., Zhang, W., & Zhou, J. (2015) · Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/atvbaha.115.305748 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Vascular smooth muscle cell phenotypic plasticity: focus on chromatin remodelling
Spin, J. M., Mäegdefessel, L., & Tsao, P. S. (2012) · Cardiovascular Research · doi:10.1093/cvr/cvs098 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Zhan, J., Wang, Y., Wang, Y., Tang, Z.-Y., Tan, P., Huang, W., & Liu, Y. (2014) · Experimental Cell Research · doi:10.1016/j.yexcr.2014.02.016 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Vendrov, A. E., Sumida, A., Canugovi, C., Lozhkin, A. P., Hayami, T., Madamanchi, N. R., & Runge, M. S. (2018) · Redox Biology · doi:10.1016/j.redox.2018.11.021 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Heiß, E. H., Schachner, D., Donati, M., Grojer, C. S., & Dirsch, V. M. (2016) · Vascular Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.vph.2016.05.002 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Lee, W., Allison, M., Kim, D., Song, C.-H., & Barrett-Connor, E. L. (2006) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2006.07.070 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Masamune, A. (2005) · World Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.3748/wjg.v11.i22.3385 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Guo, X., Shi, N., Cui, X., Wang, J.-N., Fukui, Y., & Chen, S. (2015) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/circresaha.116.305863 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Wu, W.-C., Wang, S., Liu, Q., Wang, X., Shan, T., & Wang, Y. (2018) · Free Radical Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.09.045 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Liao, X. H., Xiang, Y., Li, H., Zheng, D. L., Xu, Y., Yu, C. X., Li, J. P., Zhang, X. Y., Xing, W., Cao, D. S., et al. (2017) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-017-02907-6 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Cathelicidin-WA polarizes E. coli K88-induced M1 macrophage to M2-like macrophage in RAW264.7 cells
Chen, S., Lu, Z., Wang, F., & Wang, Y. (2017) · International Immunopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2017.10.013 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Xu, S., Shriver, A. S., Jagadeesha, D. K., Chamseddine, A. H., Szöcs, K., Weintraub, N. L., Griendling, K. K., Bhalla, R. C., & Miller, F. J. (2012) · Journal of Vascular Research · doi:10.1159/000332958 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
G-protein-mediated signaling in vascular smooth muscle cells — implications for vascular disease
Althoff, T. F., & Offermanns, S. (2015) · Journal of Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1007/s00109-015-1305-z · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Xi, G., Shen, X., Wai, C., Vilas, C. K., & Clemmons, D. R. (2015) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.15-275453 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Yeh, C.-C., Wu, J.-Y., Lee, G.-L., Wen, H.-T., Lin, P., & Kuo, C.-C. (2019) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms20246115 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Syndecan-1 Regulates Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Phenotype
Chaterji, S., Lam, C. H., Ho, D. S., Proske, D. C., & Baker, A. B. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0089824 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Li, M., Yao, W., Li, S., & Xi, J. (2015) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.02.172 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Agier, J., Różalska, S., Wiktorska, M., Żelechowska, P., Pastwińska, J., & Brzezińska‐Błaszczyk, E. (2018) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-018-30289-w · Cited by 28 · see citing works
miR‐142‐3p Is a Regulator of the TGFβ‐Mediated Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Phenotype
Kim, K., Yang, D. K., Kim, S., & Kang, H. (2015) · Journal of Cellular Biochemistry · doi:10.1002/jcb.25183 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Yan, J., Huang, W., Zhao, J., Fu, H., Zhang, G.-Y., Huang, X., & Lv, B. (2017) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0172191 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
The Role of Reactive Species on Innate Immunity
Andrés, C., Pérez de la Lastra, J., Juan, C., Plou, F., & Pérez-Lebeña, E. (2022) · Vaccines · doi:10.3390/vaccines10101735 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
Protective role of vitamin D against oxidative stress in diabetic retinopathy
Valle, M. S., Russo, C., & Malaguarnera, L. (2021) · Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews · doi:10.1002/dmrr.3447 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
He, X., Deng, J., Yu, X., Yang, S., Yang, Y., & Zang, W. (2020) · Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/atvbaha.120.315146 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Wang, Y., Zhang, J., Wang, J., Zhang, Y., Sun, J., Gong, J., Yao, X., & Sun, H. (2026) · Pharmaceuticals · doi:10.3390/ph19060868 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Self-citationPRMT5 critically mediates TMAO-induced inflammatory response in vascular smooth muscle cells
Liu, H., Jia, K., Ren, Z., Sun, J. T., & Pan, L. (2022) · Cell Death and Disease · doi:10.1038/s41419-022-04719-7 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Self-citationPark, H. Y., Kim, M. J., Lee, S., Jin, J., Lee, S., Kim, J., Choi, Y., & Park, K. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms22115602 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Bachmann, J. C., Baumgart, S. J., Uryga, A., Bosteen, M. H., Borghetti, G., Nyberg, M., & Herum, K. M. (2022) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells11101657 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Li, B., Pan, L., & Sun, J. T. (2022) · Antioxidants · doi:10.3390/antiox11071246 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Self-citationHan, J., Heo, K., & Myung, C. (2021) · British Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1111/bph.15631 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Liu, H., Zhang, J., Xue, Z., Chang, M., Feng, X., Cai, Y., Bai, L., Wang, W., Liu, E., Zhao, S., et al. (2023) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2023.117195 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
An Overview of miRNAs Involved in PASMC Phenotypic Switching in Pulmonary Hypertension
Zhang, W., Tao, Z., Xu, F., Diao, Q., Li, J., Zhou, L., Miao, Y., Xie, S., Wan, J., & Xu, R. (2021) · BioMed Research International · doi:10.1155/2021/5765029 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Qin, H., Shen, L., & Xu, D. (2024) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2024.1371928 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Cathelicidin peptide LL-37: A multifunctional peptide involved in heart disease
Miao, S., Liu, H., Yang, Q., Zhang, Y., Chen, T., Chen, S., Mao, X., & Zhang, Q. (2024) · Pharmacological Research · doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107529 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Self-citationA Novel Resveratrol Analog Upregulates SIRT1 Expression and Ameliorates Neointima Formation
Yuan, B., Liu, H., Dong, X., Pan, X., Sun, X., Sun, J. T., & Pan, L. (2021) · Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine · doi:10.3389/fcvm.2021.756098 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Self-citationZhang, L., Chen, S., Ning, M., Guo, S., Wen, D., Wang, H., Sun, Y., Yang, G., Wang, Y., & Xue, S. (2024) · ACS Applied Bio Materials · doi:10.1021/acsabm.4c01549 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
The Role of Immune Cells in Moyamoya Disease
Wang, S., Jiang, Q., Liu, Y., Zhang, X., Huang, Y., & Zhang, H. (2025) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci15020137 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Angiopoietin‐2 regulates the phenotypic switch of vascular smooth muscle cells
Gan, X., Lu, S., Ning, F., Ye, Y.-X., Guo, K., Chen, M., Ou, D., Lu, Q., & Lash, G. E. (2025) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.202402754r · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Fu, J., Li, Q., Sun, R., Gu, C., Yu, M., Liu, W., Yang, Y., & Cui, X. (2025) · Phytomedicine · doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2025.156494 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Lin, Y., Zhang, H., Jiang, Y., & Tian, W. (2025) · Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine · doi:10.3389/fcvm.2025.1662989 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Xu, Z., Zhong, C.-M., Tang, H., Xiao, H., Guo, Y., Zhang, C., Qu, C., Wang, X.-W., & Huang, C. (2024) · European Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.177097 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Cai, H., Liu, Y., Wang, M., Wang, J., Xie, Y., & Hu, Y. (2026) · Journal of Molecular Histology · doi:10.1007/s10735-025-10684-0 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Zhu, H., Zeng, Y., Xiao, Z., Tan, J., Xin, W., Zheng, Z., Zhao, Y., & Li, M. Y. (2026) · Journal of Molecular Histology · doi:10.1007/s10735-026-10844-w · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Neutrophil-derived LL37 mediates IgA nephropathy via NETs-dependent mechanismPreprint
Jiang, H., Yang, C. G., Zhang, A., Ren, P., Feng, S., Zhu, C., Wang, C., Wang, Y., Zhu, B., Xiao, L., et al. (2025) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-6636772/v1 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Self-citationKarambelkar, M. V., Varma, S., Suragimath, G., Zope, S. A., Mashalkar, V., & Kale, A. V. (2024) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.67646
Li, Y., Rose, L., Prädel, T., Kleinsorge, M., Fan, X., Meng, Z., Chen, Y., Liu, R., Lei, X., Zhao, B., et al. (2025) · Stem Cell Research & Therapy · doi:10.1186/s13287-025-04793-6
- Authors
- Dong, X., Wu, D., Zhang, Y., Jia, L., Pan, X., Sun, J., & Pan, L.-L.
- Affiliations
- Jiangnan University (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Sun, Jia
- Pan, Li-Long
- Venue
- Antioxidants
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2020-06-05
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 491
- ISSN
- 2076-3921 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7346167
- OpenAlex
- W3033727401
- Cited by
- 25
- References
- 58
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 1
- FWCI
- 0.96
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- dx.doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Antioxidants (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 31571166; 81771703; 81471557; 81671565; 81902706)
- Jiangsu Student’s Platform for innovation and entrepreneurship training program (2019167Y)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Atherosclerosis and Cardiovascular Diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Cardiovascular, Neuropeptides, and Oxidative Stress Research
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Microbiology › Antimicrobial Peptides and Activities
- Keywords
- cathelicidin-related antimicrobial peptide, vascular smooth muscle cells, phenotypic switching, atherosclerosis, PDGF-BB, reactive oxygen species, interleukin-6, NF-κB signaling, JAK2/STAT3 signaling, oxidative stress, smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration, alpha-smooth muscle actin
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review