The DOI matches its Crossref record; 24 of the 24 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Dynamic Time-Of-Use Pricing Strategy for Electric Vehicle Charging Considering User Satisfaction Degree
Open accessAbstract
In order to solve the problem that the static peak-valley price for electric vehicles cannot truly reflect the relationship between electricity supply and demand, as well as the fact that the low utilization rate of renewable energy in the micro-grid, a dynamic time-of-use pricing strategy for electric vehicle charging considering user satisfaction degree is proposed, to achieve the goal of friendly charging for the micro-grid. Firstly, this paper researches the travel patterns of electric vehicles to establish the grid connection scenes and predict the controllable capacity of electric vehicles. Secondly, the charging preferences of different types of users are studied, and a comprehensive satisfaction degree model is set up to obtain different users’ charging strategies. Furthermore, the paper raises a pricing strategy on account of the dispatching requirements of the micro-grid, and realizes the effective dispatch of electric vehicle charging load based on price signals. Finally, we gain the dynamic time-of-use charging price, using the strategy proposed above, and the economic benefits brought to the micro-grid and electric vehicle users are analyzed, which validates the rationality and effectiveness of the pricing strategy.
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In the citing paper
“The rising interdependency of grid components makes them increasingly prone to cyberattacks, which can ultimately exploit its basic alternatives [75].”
From Economic Impacts and Mitigation for the Grid Connected Electric Vehicle Charging: A Technical and Operational Overview (2026) · cites this paper as [75]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe check wasn’t confident either way, so it gives no verdict — never disputed.
In the citing paper
“In urban zones, the economic case for infrastructure development is more appealing, because the return on investment is higher based on the larger concentration of potential users [75], [76], [112]-[118].”
From Economic Impacts and Mitigation for the Grid Connected Electric Vehicle Charging: A Technical and Operational Overview (2026) · cites this paper as [75]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe check wasn’t confident either way, so it gives no verdict — never disputed.
In the citing paper
“Furthermore, the older grid infrastructure in many rural areas does not have the strength to withstand fast-charging needs, and upgrades are often geographically and budget-limited [75].”
From Economic Impacts and Mitigation for the Grid Connected Electric Vehicle Charging: A Technical and Operational Overview (2026) · cites this paper as [75]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe check wasn’t confident either way, so it gives no verdict — never disputed.
In the citing paper
“At the same time, they are also in great danger of conflicting orders or decision lag, especially under rapid EV charging events [75], [76], [112],[113].”
From Economic Impacts and Mitigation for the Grid Connected Electric Vehicle Charging: A Technical and Operational Overview (2026) · cites this paper as [75]
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Citations
Cites
An Optimized EV Charging Model Considering TOU Price and SOC Curve
Cao, Y., Tang, S., Li, C., Zhang, P., Tan, Y., Zhang, Z., & Li, J. (2011) · IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid · doi:10.1109/tsg.2011.2159630 · Cited by 722
Self-citationOptimal Charging of Electric Vehicles in Low-Voltage Distribution Systems
Richardson, P., Flynn, D., & Keane, A. (2012) · IEEE Transactions on Power Systems · doi:10.1109/tpwrs.2011.2158247 · Cited by 566
Coordinated charging of electric vehicles for congestion prevention in the distribution grid
Hu, J., You, S., Lind, M., & Ostergaard, J. (2014) · IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid · doi:10.1109/tsg.2013.2279007 · Cited by 330
Electric vehicle charging choices: Modelling and implications for smart charging services
Daina, N., Sivakumar, A., & Polak, J. W. (2017) · Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies · doi:10.1016/j.trc.2017.05.006 · Cited by 283
A Multi-Agent System for Controlled Charging of a Large Population of Electric Vehicles
Karfopoulos, E. L., & Hatziargyriou, N. D. (2012) · IEEE Transactions on Power Systems · doi:10.1109/tpwrs.2012.2211624 · Cited by 246
An overview on microgrid technology
Zhou, X., Guo, T. Q., & Ma, Y. (2015) · IEEE International Conference on Mechatronics and Automation (ICMA) · doi:10.1109/icma.2015.7237460 · Cited by 228
Zhang, L., & Li, Y. (2015) · IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid · doi:10.1109/tsg.2015.2505298 · Cited by 170
Budde Christensen, T., Wells, P., & Cipcigan, L. (2012) · Energy Policy · doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2012.05.054 · Cited by 164
Peak load reduction through dynamic pricing for electric vehicle charging
Limmer, S., & Rodemann, T. (2019) · International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems · doi:10.1016/j.ijepes.2019.05.031 · Cited by 124
Using Price-Based Signals to Control Plug-in Electric Vehicle Fleet Charging
Xi, X., & Sioshansi, R. (2014) · IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid · doi:10.1109/tsg.2014.2301931 · Cited by 123
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 5
- Yang, 2014, Overview on Micro-grid Technology, Proc. CSEE, 34, 57
- Yang, 2013, Research on power-charging demand of large-scale electric vehicles and its impacting factors, Trans. China Electrotech. Soc., 28, 22
- Yang, J. (2015). Researcher on the Electric Vehicles Charging Load Forecasting Method and the Strategy of Charging Control. [Master’s Thesis, Hunan University].
- Zhou, 2018, Electric vehicle-to-grid technology based on micro-grid, Autom. Electr. Power Syst., 42, 98
- Wang, Z. (2014). Research of Short-Term Operation Optimization of Power System with Large-Scale Renewable Generation. [Master’s Thesis, Huazhong University of Science and Technology].
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Kazemtarghi, A., Mallik, A., & Chen, Y. (2024) · International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems · doi:10.1016/j.ijepes.2024.109946 · Cited by 107
A Comprehensive Review of Smart Charging Strategies for Electric Vehicles and Way Forward
Dahiwale, P. V., Rather, Z. H., & Mitra, I. (2024) · IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems · doi:10.1109/tits.2024.3365581 · Cited by 97
Research on the pricing strategy of park electric vehicle agent considering carbon trading
Wang, H., Zheng, T., Sun, W., & Khan, Q. (2023) · Applied Energy · doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2023.121017 · Cited by 75
Meng, Q., Tong, X., Hussain, S., Luo, F., Zhou, F., Liu, L., He, Y., Jin, X., & Li, B. (2024) · IET Generation Transmission & Distribution · doi:10.1049/gtd2.13232 · Cited by 70
Eltohamy, M. S., Tawfiq, M. H., Ahmed, M. M. R., Alaas, Z. M., Faiya, B. M. A., Ahmed, I., Youssef, H., & Raouf, A. (2025) · Energy Conversion and Management X · doi:10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.101138 · Cited by 50
Metadata
- Authors
- Zhang, Q., Hu, Y., Tan, W., Li, C., & Ding, Z.
- Affiliations
- Chongqing University (CN)
- China Southwest Architectural Design and Research Institute Corp., Ltd., Chengdu 610042, China
- Corresponding author
- Zhang, Qian
- Venue
- Applied Sciences
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2020-05-07
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 3247
- ISSN
- 2076-3417 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3021282718
- Cited by
- 60
- References
- 24
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 2
- FWCI
- 1.89
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- dx.doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Applied Sciences (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (51507022)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Smart Grid Energy Management
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Electric Power System Optimization
- Keywords
- electric vehicle charging, user satisfaction, microgrids, renewable energy utilization, price signals, load dispatch, peak-valley electricity pricing
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