Privacy-Preserving Solutions in Blockchain-Enabled Internet of Vehicles
Open accessAbstract
Blockchain, a promising technology that has matured and nowadays is widely used in many fields, such as supply chain management, smart grids, agriculture and logistics, has also been proposed for the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) ecosystem to enhance the protection of the data that roadside units and vehicles exchange. Blockchain technology can inherently guarantee the availability, integrity and immutability of data stored in IoV, yet it cannot protect privacy and data confidentiality on its own. As such, solutions that utilise this technology have to consider the adoption of privacy-preserving schemes to address users’ privacy concerns. This paper provides a literature review of proposed solutions that provide different vehicular services using blockchain technology while preserving privacy. In this context, it analyses existing solutions’ main characteristics and properties to provide a comprehensive and critical overview and identifies their contribution in the field. Moreover, it provides suggestions to researchers for future work in the field of privacy-preserving blockchain-enabled solutions for vehicular networks.
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A few studies focused on specific PPML techniques within IoV applications, such as HE in VANETs, local-DP for securing IoV systems, BC-PPML in IoV, blockchain-enabled FL in IoV, blockchain for IoV, and FL in CAVs and ITS applications.
“A few studies focused on specific PPML techniques within IoV applications, such HE in vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) [132], local-DP for securing IoV systems [191], BC-PPML in IoV [56], blockchain-enabled FL in IoV [13], blockchain for IoV (discussed some aspects of BC-PPML) [151], and FL in CAVs [18] and ITS applications [185, 186].”
From Privacy-preserving Machine Learning in Internet of Vehicle Applications: Fundamentals, Recent Advances, and Future Direction (2025) · cites this paper as [56]
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- Authors
- Kaltakis, K., Polyzi, P., Drosatos, G., & Rantos, K.
- Affiliations
- International Hellenic University (GR)
- Institute for Language and Speech Processing (GR)
- Corresponding author
- Rantos, Konstantinos
- Venue
- Applied Sciences
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2021-10-20
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 21
- Pages
- 9792
- ISSN
- 2076-3417 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3207693005
- Cited by
- 25
- References
- 64
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 5
- FWCI
- 3.17
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Applied Sciences (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Information Systems › Blockchain Technology Applications and Security
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Cryptography and Data Security
- Keywords
- blockchain, Internet of Vehicles, vehicular networks, privacy preservation, data confidentiality, roadside units
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