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Plant Toxin-Based Immunotoxins for Cancer Therapy: A Short Overview
Open accessAbstract
Immunotoxins are chimeric proteins obtained by linking a toxin to either an intact antibody or an antibody fragment. Conjugation can be obtained by chemical or genetic engineering, where the latter yields recombinant conjugates. An essential requirement is that the target molecule recognized by the antibody is confined to the cell population to be deleted, or at least that it is not present on stem cells or other cell types essential for the organism’s survival. Hundreds of different studies have demonstrated the potential for applying immunotoxins to many models in pre-clinical studies and in clinical trials. Immunotoxins can be theoretically used to eliminate any unwanted cell responsible for a pathological condition. The best results have been obtained in cancer therapy, especially in hematological malignancies. Among plant toxins, the most frequently employed to generate immunotoxins are ribosome-inactivating proteins, the most common being ricin. This review summarizes the various approaches and results obtained in the last four decades by researchers in the field of plant toxin-based immunotoxins for cancer therapy.
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The anti-CD20 antibodies obinutuzumab and ocrelizumab, with their enhanced FcγR binding affinity, showed greater potency compared to rituximab.
“The anti‐CD20 antibodies, obinutuzumab and ocrelizumab, with their enhanced FcγR binding affinity showed greater potency compared to a first‐generation antibody, rituximab.95”
From Tutorial on monoclonal antibody pharmacokinetics and its considerations in early development (2018) · cites this paper as [95]
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Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Polito, L., Djemil, A., & Bortolotti, M.
- Affiliations
- University of Bologna (IT)
- Corresponding author
- Polito, Letizia
- Venue
- Biomedicines
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2016-06-01
- Volume
- 4
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 12
- ISSN
- 2227-9059 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5344252
- OpenAlex
- W2416795400
- Cited by
- 75
- References
- 69
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 3
- FWCI
- 0.74
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Biomedicines (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Archivio istituzionale della ricerca (Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Università di Bologna
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Toxin Mechanisms and Immunotoxins
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Keywords
- immunotoxins, plant toxins, ribosome-inactivating proteins, ricin, cancer therapy, hematologic malignancies, targeted cell killing, stem cell toxicity
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