Cited by 190Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration MechanismsAlzheimer's disease research and treatmentsNeuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research

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Role of Microglia and Astrocytes in Alzheimer’s Disease: From Neuroinflammation to Ca2+ Homeostasis Dysregulation

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Di Benedetto, Giulia, Burgaletto, Chiara, Bellanca, Carlo Maria, Munafò, Antonio, Bernardini, Renato, Cantarella, Giuseppina·2022·Cells

DOI 10.3390/cells11172728PMC PMC9454513

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Abstract

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia worldwide, with a complex, poorly understood pathogenesis. Cerebral atrophy, amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques, and neurofibrillary tangles represent the main pathological hallmarks of the AD brain. Recently, neuroinflammation has been recognized as a prominent feature of the AD brain and substantial evidence suggests that the inflammatory response modulates disease progression. Additionally, dysregulation of calcium (Ca2+) homeostasis represents another early factor involved in the AD pathogenesis, as intracellular Ca2+ concentration is essential to ensure proper cellular and neuronal functions. Although growing evidence supports the involvement of Ca2+ in the mechanisms of neurodegeneration-related inflammatory processes, scant data are available on its contribution in microglia and astrocytes functioning, both in health and throughout the AD continuum. Nevertheless, AD-related aberrant Ca2+ signalling in astrocytes and microglia is crucially involved in the mechanisms underpinning neuroinflammatory processes that, in turn, impact neuronal Ca2+ homeostasis and brain function. In this light, we attempted to provide an overview of the current understanding of the interactions between the glia cells-mediated inflammatory responses and the molecular mechanisms involved in Ca2+ homeostasis dysregulation in AD.

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Authors: Di Benedetto, G., Burgaletto, C., Bellanca, C. M., Munafò, A., Bernardini, R., & Cantarella, G.
Affiliations: Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Pharmacology, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
University of Catania (IT)
Corresponding author: Bernardini, Renato
ORCID: Di Benedetto, Giulia
Burgaletto, Chiara
Bellanca, Carlo Maria
Munafò, Antonio
Bernardini, Renato
Cantarella, Giuseppina
Venue: Cells
Publisher: MDPI AG
Published: 2022-09-01
Volume: 11
Issue: 17
Pages: 2728
ISSN: 2073-4409 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.3390/cells11172728
PMC: PMC9454513
OpenAlex: W4294151542
Cited by: 189
References: 187
Citations by year: 2026: 53 · 2025: 63 · 2024: 46 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 8
FWCI: 3.48
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: gold
doi.org
Licence: cc-by
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (vor)
Locations: Cells (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders: the Italian Ministry of Research (2017YH3SXK)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
Keywords: Alzheimer's disease, microglia, astrocytes, neuroinflammation, calcium homeostasis, calcium signaling, glial interactions, amyloid plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, neurodegeneration, glial inflammation
MeSH terms: Neuroinflammatory Diseases, Alzheimer Disease, Astrocytes, Homeostasis, Humans, Microglia, Plaque, Amyloid

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Role of Microglia and Astrocytes in Alzheimer’s Disease: From Neuroinflammation to Ca2+ Homeostasis Dysregulation

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